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<section style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 2.25em; height: 2.25em; border-left: 5px solid rgb(255, 129, 36); border-top: 5px solid rgb(255, 129, 36); box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="margin-top: -2.25em; margin-left: 5px; padding-top: 5px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" padding: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">编辑团队</strong></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="margin-bottom: -2.25em; margin-right: 5px; background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" padding: 10px; margin-bottom: 5px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">原文/ Adrienne LaFrance、Scott Bonjukian</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">翻译/ 147         文献/ 祝舒阳</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">编辑/ 众山小    校验/ 相欣奕     排版/ 李佳佳</section></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="margin-left: auto; width: 2.25em; height: 2.25em; border-right: 5px solid rgb(255, 129, 36); border-bottom: 5px solid rgb(255, 129, 36); box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 35%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: right;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 0px; margin-bottom: -10px; margin-left: auto; transform: rotate(0deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); -moz-transform: rotate(0deg); -o-transform: rotate(0deg); border-left: 5px solid rgb(41, 194, 150); border-bottom: 5px solid rgb(41, 194, 150); border-top: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important; border-right: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="width: 100%; border-right: 10px solid rgb(41, 194, 150); padding: 10px; background-color: rgb(251, 210, 107); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin: 0px 0%;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia8vdWPKAXOxNXI9hichtke1TZlmOAibSGKjb1JkqzboSaAhMsy8YfdD5qJ65ibG33rOXkoX2p2aZicPmw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="1" data-w="170"  /></section></section></section><section style="width: 0px; margin-top: -10px; margin-left: auto; border-top: 5px solid rgb(41, 194, 150); border-left: 5px solid rgb(41, 194, 150); border-right: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important; border-bottom: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 65%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 20px 0% 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: transparent; padding: 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 12px; color: rgb(182, 182, 182); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(71, 193, 168); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">译者萌像与导读：</strong></span>尽管我们经常谈论无人驾驶，但实际上不论政府、规划师还是普通民众却并没有对无人驾驶汽车时代的来临做好准备。 本文讨论无人驾驶汽车的优缺点之外，也分析了其对城市的影响。包括能源、接受率、效率、安全、停车、街道设计、资金、就业等……每个关键词都需要政府和规划师针对无人驾驶汽车带来的变化而重新制定应对政策和措施。</section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 40%; padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="line-height: 1.4; font-size: 18px; letter-spacing: 2px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">无人驾驶</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市错与对</strong></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">（下篇）</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: right; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); border-width: 4px; border-radius: 0px; border-style: solid; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia8vdWPKAXOxNXI9hichtke1T0QoRUa5e2DibvbibKdgvKlLeRVctdNmf6RjzyHItcib0Dibj5cgWJz4rQQ/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.5625" data-w="640"  /></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 60%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin: 15px 0% 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia8vdWPKAXOxNXI9hichtke1Tbg9Up0HgYg8VCIMqW6YGHTkiakLAgO9koewfOywey4XPicXI1R9tyGKA/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.6421875" data-w="640"  /></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center; line-height: 1;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 0px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: 1.6em solid rgb(243, 212, 185); border-left: 0.9em solid transparent !important; border-right: 0.9em solid transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="width: 0px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; margin-left: -0.6em; border-bottom: 1em solid rgb(113, 215, 202); border-left: 0.6em solid transparent !important; border-right: 0.6em solid transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(110, 115, 117); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">无人驾驶汽车的时代即将到来，但所有人似乎都有些无所适从。 这项技术使巨兽一般的汽车产业飞速发展，但只有少数几个州对无人驾驶汽车有法律法规的管制。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">2016年1月通用汽车公司确定了投资Lyft公司5亿美元，用于进行无人驾驶汽车的研究；而同时，去年年底谷歌和福特公司也宣布了类似的合作。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">无人驾驶汽车对于全世界交通系统和城市生活的影响还尚未明确，但能够确定的是正面与负面影响将同时存在。本文将就此探讨一些可能性。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">首先，让我们来看一下美国国家公路交通安全管理局对自动驾驶的五级分类</strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(25, 159, 192); box-sizing: border-box;">（参考文献1，请联系我们索取）</span></strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">1)0级-非自动控制：驾驶员对于车辆有完全的控制。 </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">2)1级-特定功能自动控制：一个或多个特定功能的自动控制，例如电子稳定控制系统、预刹车系统等。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">3)2级-联合功能自动控制：同时至少有两个功能被自动控制，例如巡航系统与车道居中系统同时运行。 </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">4)3级-有限的自动驾驶控制：在特定的交通或环境条件下，驾驶员可以放弃驾驶者可以放弃所有重要功能的完全控制。但必须给驾驶员足够的接管转换时间。 </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">5)4级-完全自动驾驶：整个旅程中车辆对所有主要驾驶功能进行自动控制，无论车上是否有人。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">无人驾驶汽车有两大问题：接受率和能源。</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia8vdWPKAXOxNXI9hichtke1TLkKNvRNXIBn6WIQThH35GQZoohmI4ia5sXnAicLEthxWuG55j22mPbhA/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.6671875" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(70, 69, 69); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图一、2012年沃尔沃无人驾驶汽车在西班牙的测试</strong></em></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102); width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="background-color: rgb(255, 129, 36); color: white; font-size: 19.2px; padding-left: 5px; padding-right: 5px; margin-top: 4px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">接受率</strong></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(110, 115, 117); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">接受率是相对有人驾驶汽车，无人驾驶汽车所占比例的变化。这在一开始进行会非常缓慢，大多数汽车制造商会提供一两款自动驾驶汽车（我们预期在2025年前可以实现），之后他们会逐渐将所有产品替换为自动驾驶汽车。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">10年或20年之后，当路上的大多数汽车变成无人驾驶汽车，并且公众也接受了无人驾驶的好处，政府反而会对有人驾驶汽车进行某种规定限制。如果有人驾驶没有完全被禁止，在这个过程中，驾驶员一定会被要求有更严格的执照和保险。某些地区可能会限制有人驾驶汽车只能在农村区域或者测试道路上驾驶，或者城市区域内，为了某些特定目的的出行，比如应急服务、公共事业、商业物流等。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">就个人而言，我喜欢在公路旅行中开车，尤其是去山区滑雪或者海边野营时。另外雪、山、树这些，也会让无人驾驶汽车的车道传感器和GPS在城市区域外不那么可靠。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">尽管无人驾驶汽车进展相当迅速，美国的城市却并没有为无人驾驶汽车做好准备。地方和州政府在无人驾驶汽车的责任、交通规划和工程标准方面几乎没有计划和管控措施。这可能是因为无人驾驶汽车仍然被当作一种前沿科技，而没有得到应有的重视。但随着无人驾驶汽车的到来，城市规划师和政策制定者应给予更多关注，并决定如何适应这个重大转变，以及未来绝大多数美国人将如何出行。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102); width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="background-color: rgb(255, 129, 36); color: white; font-size: 19.2px; padding-left: 5px; padding-right: 5px; margin-top: 4px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">能源</strong></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(110, 115, 117); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">另一个问题是能源。葡萄牙里斯本的一项学术研究表明<span style="color: rgb(25, 159, 192); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（参考文献2，请联系我们索取）</strong></span>，无人驾驶汽车使得出行如此简单，将导致VMT的增加和低密度城市蔓延的加剧。如果无人驾驶汽车以化石燃料为主，将会给我们的环境带来毁灭性的打击：碳排放急剧上升，能源公司也很有可能从更加困难、敏感的地方开采石油，比如沥青砂、海底。 </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">如果埃隆·马斯克的展望可以实现的话，则可以避免这种情况。马斯克是特斯拉公司的创始人，他非常确定未来绝大多数的车辆将是电力驱动的。他的想法是很有根据的。2003年特斯拉进入了汽车产业，成功生产出受人欢迎的高端电动汽车，引起了极大的震动。他们的商业计划是，用销售收入支持中产阶级负担的起的相对低价车辆的研发（2017生产出第一款），并且将内华达州在建的世界级锂离子电池厂扩充一倍。特斯拉的S型车行驶里程已经能够达到240英里，足够绝大多数出行，但为了缓解未来对里程的迫切需求，公司已经部署了一个全国性的超级充电站网络，让汽车电池能够在几分钟内充满。</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia8vdWPKAXOxNXI9hichtke1TaB45A1OundeOfQGqeW1t3UgrMlOVJcB4L1QINsnMee3Ukznx5p2ISw/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.6671875" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图二、美国能源流程图（劳伦斯利弗莫尔国家实验室）</strong></em> </section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(110, 115, 117); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box;">批评家认为电动汽车是否环境友好是值得质疑的，因为不论在美国还是全世界，发电都主要使用化石燃料，也就是说煤炭和天然气。但是集中燃烧与单个汽车燃烧相比，总碳排放量相对较低。美国环境保护署（EPA，Environmental Protection Agency）发布了全国和各州的电动汽车碳影响比较<span style="color: rgb(25, 159, 192); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（参考文献3，请联系我们索取）</strong></span>。未来，可再生能源技术的价格将迅速下降，清洁能源总量将逐年提升，尽管汽油汽车的碳足迹不会改变，电动汽车的碳足迹将持续下降。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">我们有理由对能源的未来持乐观态度。比如说太阳能电池现在每瓦仅需74美分（相对于20世纪70年代每瓦超过70 美元），其覆盖率也逐年上升。如果美国全部采用太阳能，那么仅需1万平方英里的太阳能电池板（美国国土面积的0.003%）。当然，美国已经有了一些其他类型的可再生能源，如原子能、氢能、风能，未来也有很大的发展空间，最近国会提高了风能和太阳能的抵税额（一种税务优惠政策，可直接抵免税金）。奥巴马政府也在积极努力关停数百家燃煤电厂。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102); width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="background-color: rgb(255, 129, 36); color: white; font-size: 19.2px; padding-left: 5px; padding-right: 5px; margin-top: 4px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">优点</strong></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(110, 115, 117); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">回到无人驾驶汽车，我们已经确定，即使无人驾驶汽车会增加行驶里程，如果它能够帮助引领电动汽车和可再生电力网络的发展，那么它的环境影响也比今天的小汽车低。无人驾驶汽车还有两个显著的优势：交通安全和运输效率。 </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">安全优势将是巨大的。每年有约32 000个美国人死于交通事故，与枪支导致的死亡数量相差无几。这也相当于每五个星期就发生一起911事件，但它被全国的媒体忽视了。 全球范围内，世界卫生组织（WHO）估计125万人每年死于交通事故，另还有数百万人受伤，其中一半是易受伤人群，如行人、自行车骑行者、摩托车骑行者。交通事故是15-29岁年轻人死亡的首要原因。这些数字如此惊人可怕，每一个数字都值得无人驾驶汽车的研发和更高的工程标准。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia8vdWPKAXOxNXI9hichtke1Tbg9Up0HgYg8VCIMqW6YGHTkiakLAgO9koewfOywey4XPicXI1R9tyGKA/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.6421875" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图三、谷歌无人驾驶汽车原型的特点，此前谷歌在对改装的现有车辆进行测试。（谷歌） </strong></em></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(110, 115, 117); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">无人驾驶汽车将会比传统人驾驶的车辆更加安全。正如任何一个美国通勤者都可以证明，司机往往很匆忙，并且容易分心、疲劳，视力较差，反应时间长，还常有路怒症。而所有这些不确定性在计算机控制时都不会发生。无人驾驶汽车通过激光、雷达和摄像头来保证360度每个方向每一秒的观察。这些工具能够帮助预测其他道路使用者的移动，并在问题发生前察觉到。在易受伤人群旁加倍小心，严格遵守交通法规，比如在红灯停、遵守限速，这些都将极大地减少交通事故的伤害和死亡的发生。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">举个例子，谷歌的无人驾驶原型车已经行驶了130万英里，发生了17起小型事故。根据谷歌2015年的报告，这17起事故都不是无人驾驶汽车的责任。<span style="color: rgb(25, 159, 192); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（参考文献4，请联系我们索取）</strong></span>不过整体的安全提升将取决于无人驾驶的接受率，而接受率又会被价格和相关法规所影响。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">有一个问题需要解决，那就是事故中的责任问题。如果一辆无人驾驶汽车撞死了一个行人，是谁的过错？车里的人还是汽车的拥有者？如果汽车是空的，是生产厂家的错吗？如果是出租车，是服务运营商的错吗？还是大家会继续耸耸肩，说受害人应该穿更明亮的衣服？无论如何，现在都需制定建立明确的责任规定，比如罚款金额和入狱时间。不明确的处罚和不严格的执法都会影响民众对无人驾驶汽车的支持。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">第二个优势是交通效率。拥护者们常常描绘这样的场景：高速移动的无人驾驶汽车连接着彼此，排成一队，像“路上的火车”一样，高效利用着道路空间，也使得车辆的移动更可预测。这个概念的关键在于相互连接的车辆网络，汽车之间、汽车和传感器之间能够彼此交流，这样可以有效减少拥堵、降低排放、促进安全。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">讨论完效率，三个问题随之而来：<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">道路空间的分配、停车需求和交通资金问题。</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia8vdWPKAXOxNXI9hichtke1T0QoRUa5e2DibvbibKdgvKlLeRVctdNmf6RjzyHItcib0Dibj5cgWJz4rQQ/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.5625" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(70, 69, 69); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图四、无人驾驶汽车的另一个好处：他们将更有耐心。（Scott） </strong></em></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></em></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(110, 115, 117); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box;">首先，如果司机将不再端坐在方向盘后面，他们很可能会做一些其他事情，比如工作，看电影，看新闻等。这意味着他们的注意力将不再集中在路况、其他车辆和红绿灯上，因此他们的情绪也不会受交通影响那么深了。这意味着反对营造<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">人性化的城市街道</strong>的人将大大减少，比如说将常规的车道和路边停车变为公交专用道、自行车道、口袋公园和更宽的人行道。步行友好也变得更加容易，比如更长的过街时间和没有高度差的道路（人行道与车行道在同一平面，没有马路牙子）。总之，无人驾驶汽车会让规划师和工程师有机会打造更舒适愉快的城市环境。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">第二点，<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">停车需求</strong>，这在很大程度上取决于无人驾驶汽车的所有权模式。是像现在一样有自己的车呢，还是想出租车服务一样叫车来接而不需要担心停车问题呢？很有可能是并存的，就像今天一样。高收入的、郊区的与乡村的居民将继续对小汽车有着苛刻而实际的需求，他们将拥有自己的车。而在城市区域，人口密度高，大多数人没有小汽车，很有可能无人驾驶汽车就像今天的Uber一样，响应居民的出行需求。城市会要求无人驾驶汽车使用集中的停车和加油/充电设施，而允许规划师降低大多数新建筑中的停车下限。这将显著降低建筑的建造成本和租金，使得城市对于个人和企业来说都更可负担。同时，这也将更多土地和资金让出来给建筑，而不是停车场和车库，使城市密度更大。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">第三点，<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">交通资金</strong>，这是无人小汽车效率问题的主要争议。如果交通拥堵成为过去，无人驾驶汽车能够移动得更快并彼此连接，那么全世界的道路容量都会突然极大地剩余。在美国，无人驾驶汽车的高燃料效率和可能采用替代燃料，将导致高速公路资金的下降。美国州际公路系统的许多分支将显得多余。这将给规划师们动力去拆除、缩窄不再必要的高速公路和郊区主干道，多出来的预算将拨给其他基础设施，如可负担的、高效率的大运量公共交通。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102); width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="background-color: rgb(255, 129, 36); color: white; font-size: 19.2px; padding-left: 5px; padding-right: 5px; margin-top: 4px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">权衡兼顾</strong></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(110, 115, 117); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box;">最后两点揭示了一个潜在的问题：拥有私人无人驾驶汽车的通勤者们，每天早上从郊区到市中心，为了避免缴纳停车费，他们会让车开回家，或在街上绕圈。而这无疑会对拥堵和排放有负面影响。解决这个的最好办法就是收取相对高昂的道路使用费，类似俄勒冈州和华盛顿州已经在考虑的代替日渐减少的汽油税的一种新的政策。<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市也需要在密度最高的区域实施拥堵收费政策，就像伦敦和新加坡那样，以阻止未来空车在街上游荡、浪费燃料。</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">无人驾驶汽车同样会影响公共交通系统，现在很多轨道系统已经实现了无人驾驶。但更大的冲击将发生在大城市的常规或者快速公交线路上。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia8vdWPKAXOxNXI9hichtke1TPB6B730YCK2Y3zlguuFFGjAcOnDesiam8Tm4jc0L0XWQshTcpJ3kiatA/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="1.1453125" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(110, 115, 117); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图五、国王郡快速公交线路每小时的运营成本。（金郡公交机构）</strong></em></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">一旦公交公司意识到用电脑代替司机将节约巨大的成本，这个转变将会迅速发生。例如，员工的工资和福利在金郡公交公司的运营预算当中占将近一半。如果这部分预算空出来，将极大地提升服务频率、乘客设施、系统容量，并使公交更可达、可负担，尤其是对于不想开车的人和穷人。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">不过可以肯定，规划和维护部门仍需要真人雇员。而且服务于医院、移民社区和老年中心的公交线路，如果有人驾驶会更好。但总体上，在下一个十年或二十年后，大多数公交车都会变成完全的无人驾驶。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">这又不得不提另一个问题：无人驾驶汽车导致的失业。很多人的工作是驾驶公交车、出租车和卡车，仅在美国就有460万人从事与交通有关的职业<span style="color: rgb(25, 159, 192); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（参考文献5，请联系我们索取）</strong></span>。这将是一个很艰巨的未来，不过与蒸汽动力和计算机带来的革命转变并没有什么不同。转变会逐步进行，以避免大量的失业，新兴领域内会有更多新的工作机会。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102); width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="background-color: rgb(255, 129, 36); color: white; font-size: 19.2px; padding-left: 5px; padding-right: 5px; margin-top: 4px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">结论</strong></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box;">无人驾驶汽车在能源消耗、交通安全、交通效率和社会经济平等方面都有着积极影响。而这些影响的程度则取决于两个关键因素----接受率和法律法规。但毋庸置疑的是，5年内路上将有大量的无人驾驶汽车。城市规划师和政策决策者现在就应该对这种变化采取措施，对街道设计、大运量公共交通和土地利用规划做出改善，以免之后陷入被动。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 1px 1px 5px; display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><img style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia8vdWPKAXOxNXI9hichtke1TLkKNvRNXIBn6WIQThH35GQZoohmI4ia5sXnAicLEthxWuG55j22mPbhA/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.6671875" data-w="640"  /> <section style="width: 100%; height: 1em; margin-top: -0.92em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 45%; height: 1em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 0px; margin: auto; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-left: 0.8em solid white; border-right: 0.8em solid white; border-bottom: 0.8em solid white; border-top: 0.55em solid transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 45%; height: 1em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="width: 100%; margin-top: -1em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 10%; height: 1em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 10%; height: 1em; margin-left: 80%; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style="margin-top: -0.6em; padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; vertical-align: top; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: -90px 0% 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 24px; color: rgb(210, 25, 72); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Bonus Time</strong></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: 2px; color: rgb(210, 25, 72); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">福/利/时/间</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(202, 198, 198); letter-spacing: 2px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">参考文献免费下载</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: -5px 0% 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(133, 118, 106); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 3px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"></strong></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 12px; color: rgb(160, 160, 160); letter-spacing: 2px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">请联系我们索取</section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(25, 159, 192); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">1、《美国道路交通安全管理局：自动化车辆政策导则》</strong></span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia8vdWPKAXOxNXI9hichtke1TqlrFYuzLA4kibVsFLkInRJpSNGpFZCHkLrOWyIhzGoJanxt2qmtbC3A/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="1.3302063789868668" data-w="533"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 159, 192); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">2、国际交通论坛报告《城市交通系统的升级：共享自动驾驶是如何改变城市交通的》</strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia8vdWPKAXOxNXI9hichtke1ThLH3HgG17AwUus0MoqRwkLauNV6j2NFgvicVeV0vIr4HTzNFeXJ0A2g/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="1.345724907063197" data-w="538"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia8vdWPKAXOxNXI9hichtke1Tg0OrbeW0HeCRicNRibnfkNHIbhTgnHBjrwiaVX2jOziaTenBdiadmxC1Nxg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="1.3493282149712091" data-w="521"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia8vdWPKAXOxNXI9hichtke1TZhEqJzoZ56KJ34wjQowq5SIPv44ysXT87wibkX0zCbpC6o63WrP1W8Q/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="1.344106463878327" data-w="526"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia8vdWPKAXOxNXI9hichtke1TcRgmcicLTgFBicjq9ppHic5OGubwdZsnyWrG6yol9n3micAOhHyVibDhtZA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="1.3339731285988483" data-w="521"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia8vdWPKAXOxNXI9hichtke1TJrZYgQtXlziabGbYOmAUicZZoobW2LCWY2BbKEKC5ca8l5yp2gZkjAMg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="1.3508771929824561" data-w="513"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 159, 192); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">3、美国阿贡实验室《车轮能源使用与温室气体放 - 插电式混合动力汽车的分析》</strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia8vdWPKAXOxNXI9hichtke1T7MiaCBLevlERt4dYHUNv7pT70Ph0bcujx4nSTtFVXNzAWhdbR85EVMw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="1.3001808318264014" data-w="553"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia8vdWPKAXOxNXI9hichtke1TkoDYB47cRbyRQ5JhfSiay5dZjABRvXeIDQszAL4Nn8IibJ7LhnPODmeA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="1.3289719626168224" data-w="535"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia8vdWPKAXOxNXI9hichtke1TJfENvsHQialAJFoMZPJftSpOV7RIZaQmLg5vmlLmClHkdknQicGUN93Q/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="1.3263358778625953" data-w="524"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia8vdWPKAXOxNXI9hichtke1T0BP3Tsk92zEiavFjO09b43UvklBzAwibY8jJUibPejVtBfzdmsv4ZCyRQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="1.2988505747126438" data-w="522"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia8vdWPKAXOxNXI9hichtke1TLNiaP07eEJl6uiaicYDxA5FJxVY7xKgXL9DlMJVmkRSZZiadoOqMeGNpQg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="1.3155893536121672" data-w="526"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia8vdWPKAXOxNXI9hichtke1TiaqfGlMTF15bTGNPw60UokxtyHcjsasiby1SdHqnJ4WP0x0OcJpSutWA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="1.3333333333333333" data-w="516"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 159, 192); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">4、《2015年谷歌无人驾驶汽车月度测试报告集 5月-11月》</strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia8vdWPKAXOxNXI9hichtke1TXb3Obib8y5OH33UdT1GKDQIfnI0FkzoCJzvMAjsagGm39ws9noLBdjg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="1.3050541516245486" data-w="554"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; 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