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<p><img data-s="300,640" data-type="png" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%2FcmQT69AZLZJuQTW3Yiad1WLzAlC2PQrVIibWWRDKw3MwYbEyYWdAMqYudDQH45e4WIqZbktBPib1Rl4BkmXWofQkg%2F0%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Dpng" data-ratio="0.146875" data-w="640"  /><br  /></p><p><span style="color: rgb(249, 5, 7);"><strong>█ 头条：第十三届中国城市规划学科发展论坛”开幕！四位主题演讲嘉宾开讲！</strong></span></p><p><strong style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136); line-height: 25.6px;"><span style="line-height: 25.6px;"><br  /></span></strong></p><p><strong style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136); line-height: 25.6px;"><span style="line-height: 25.6px;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fjpg%2Fpe8CuSR9OF6jD9ibqK0sWXGTgoLBpv1d2XcJptVC4lwmsz53g2bk9KcHwLibJRUFfs5iaF1FpoKt0czOXt3j4Hw6w%2F640%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Djpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="0.6625" data-w="640"  /></span></strong></p><p><strong style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136); line-height: 25.6px;"><span style="line-height: 25.6px;"><br  /></span></strong></p><p><strong style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136); line-height: 25.6px;"><span style="line-height: 25.6px;">长按识别二维码，查看详情</span></strong><br  /></p><p><strong style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136); line-height: 25.6px;"><span style="line-height: 25.6px;"><br  /></span></strong></p><p style="line-height: 25.6px;"><img data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fjpg%2FcmQT69AZLZLibHMfeMprV12xWjmCibCVj3A4LTGeC3ccY5M1cqrqWCo6P8TOTy2mIOvpWf2ibt3yLsEARqVhh1qtQ%2F0%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Djpeg" data-ratio="0.2893539581437671" data-w="1099"  /><br  /></p><p style="line-height: 25.6px;"><br  /></p><hr  /><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="86125" data-color="rgb(174, 14, 13)" data-custom="rgb(174, 14, 13)"><section><section data-brushtype="text"><p><span style="color: rgb(249, 5, 7);"><strong><br  /></strong></span></p><p><span style="color: rgb(249, 5, 7);"><strong>█ 1、郑德高：空间规划的政治、经济、社会与专业理性</strong></span></p><p><span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"><strong>微信公众号：cityif</strong></span></p><p><strong><br  /></strong></p><p>传统意义上的规划，我们一直认为：规划是向权力讲述真理。</p><p><br  /></p><p>作者用浅显易懂的语言用这四种理性解读了规划，以此为媒讲述了国内外空间规划演进的基本规律，提出在新阶段“全球化时代怎么样更具竞争力”，“怎么样更加可持续发展”是这一轮规划的趋势。</p><br style="font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px; white-space: normal;"  /><p><strong>摘录：<span style="line-height: 1.6;">规划的四种理性：政治理性、经济理性、社会理性、专业理性</span></strong></p></section></section></section><p><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p>规划存在政治理性、经济理性、社会理性和专业理性，不妨以这四个理性来思考我们的规划。</p><p><br  /></p><p><img data-ratio="0.75" data-s="300,640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fjpg%2FKoH4xpDrnibD53Nia2EA6STGMYns0ceC8NHvJEuJxqeJg8Y8IfwowKXY8hHlVx5tn7OPZ5sT9Fhu0IY6FCbibbJcg%2F640%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Djpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="640" style="width: 670px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important;" width="100%"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p><br  /></p><p><strong>何为政治理性？</strong>我们做“武汉2049”的时候，当地领导提出了一个问题：规划能否先说清楚城市不能干什么，然后再说能干什么，最后说怎么干。</p><p><br  /></p><p>之所以会提出这样的问题，是因为过去城市政府做了许多事情，但没有得到社会和百姓的认可。</p><p><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p>应该怎样认识和避免这一问题，政府希望能够在规划中得到答案。另外，过去的规划成果，领导不爱看、老百姓也不爱看，应该如何改进。再比如，上海提出（建设用地）零增长、负增长目标等等，政治上要求规划必须作出回答。这些都属于政治理性的思考范畴。</p><p><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p><strong>何为经济理性？</strong>规划的核心是要解决经济发展问题，规划虽然讲了很多其他理性，但最终还是要回答经济发展的问题。如果规划不能够引起经济收益的增加，不能带来城市竞争力的提升，各方面也不太会认同这个规划。</p><p><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p><strong>何为社会理性？</strong>也就是城市怎么让生活更加美好的问题。有人说：一个规划如果没有让老百姓感觉到更美好，那这个规划就是一个没有用的规划。</p><p><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p>这句话似乎过于简单，但也说明人们对社会理性的关注。开展公众参与、构建社区生活圈、实现从work style到life style的转变等等，都是社会理性的范畴。</p><p><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p><strong>何为专业理性？</strong>从规划原理到规划体系的发展，都有规划专业自身的逻辑贯穿其中，这种逻辑在某种程度上要求我们作为弱势群体的代言人，正因为如此，我们对落后地区、弱势人群、弱势产业、可持续发展都有格外的关注。还有正在兴起的大数据等新手段，都属于专业理性。</p><p><br  /></p><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="86125" data-color="rgb(174, 14, 13)" data-custom="rgb(174, 14, 13)"><section><section><strong><span style="line-height: 1.6;">四种理性推动下的空间规划演进</span></strong></section></section></section><p><br  /></p><p>长期以来，这四个理性此起彼伏、一直推动着规划的发展，有时候更多的是政治理性在前，有时候是专业理性在前，有时候是社会理性在前。按照这个逻辑可以将规划分为四个阶段。</p><p><br  /></p><p><img data-ratio="0.75" data-s="300,640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fjpg%2FKoH4xpDrnibD53Nia2EA6STGMYns0ceC8NHWDRicSNhQ4z9e1PAar1XY854dQ3Gvv90gGC2GUaKZEJPUkotrjmdCw%2F640%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Djpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="640" style="width: 670px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important;" width="100%"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p><br  /></p><p>从世界范围看：</p><p><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p>第一阶段是从1947年开始的蓝图式规划阶段。该阶段更强调政治理性，同时注重对经济扩张的服务。当时的蓝图式规划大部分是体现政治愿景的，表现为以“美国梦”为代表的的郊区新城规划模式。</p><p><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p>第二阶段是系统规划，这时专业理性上升到很高的高度，非常强调规划的科学性，所以该阶段在系统论、控制论、交通模型上有很大进步。</p><p><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p>第三阶段是协商式规划，强调社会理性，要更多地听老百姓的意见。</p><p><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p>第四阶段是可持续发展规划，政治和经济理性都在往可持续发展方面转型。</p><p><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p>新阶段，规划有了新的追求，比如纽约要“更绿色、更美好”，悉尼强调“生态、国际、网络”。究其核心是两个方面，即在全球化时代怎么样更具竞争力，怎么样更加可持续发展，这就是这一轮规划的趋势。</p><p><br  /></p><p><img data-ratio="0.75" data-s="300,640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fjpg%2FKoH4xpDrnibD53Nia2EA6STGMYns0ceC8NxE9XNZrVSr2Owj0XuiaJpQekEdbibgPoWamwezwNzrmqibY2T4CKuLA6A%2F640%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Djpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="640" style="width: 670px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important;" width="100%"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p><br  /></p><p>再看中国规划的发展演进，大体也是如此。</p><p><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p>2005年以前，基本都是扩张型的、经济主导的规划，政治意图不是那么明显。过了几年，觉得规划这么做好像不太对，不能简单扩张，在扩张的同时要增加发展的内涵，但归根到你还是一种发展型规划。</p><p><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p>现在看来，好像又不太够了，还要再增加新的内涵。由此看来，未来的规划更多的是一种可持续的和转型发展的规划。</p><p><br  /></p><p><span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"><strong><span style="line-height: 25.6px;">本文来自微信公众号：CityIf，微信公众号新土地规划人转发，长按识别二维码，查看原文全文 </span></strong><strong><span style="line-height: 25.6px;"></span></strong></span></p><p><br  /></p><p><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fpng%2FcmQT69AZLZLibHMfeMprV12xWjmCibCVj3NmRa0OGDqpy2NuDbSbY8dYHwbbzWE9jicgzc4kRf4aSBOuHGicSxuVcA%2F0%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Dpng" class="" data-type="png" style="white-space: normal; border: 0px; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;" data-ratio="0.2893539581437671" data-w="1099"  /></p><p><br  /></p><p><span style="color: rgb(249, 5, 7);"><strong>█ 2、中规院区域所专栏·国内城市规划类期刊特色研究<br  /></strong></span><span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"><strong>微信公众号：规划中国<br style="font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px; white-space: normal;"  /></strong></span><br style="font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px; white-space: normal;"  /><strong>摘录：</strong></p><p><strong><br  /></strong></p><p>2016年9月，应《国际城市规划》主编、中国城市规划设计研究王凯副院长要求，我们选取了七本国内具有代表性的城市规划类期刊，对各期刊的办刊特点进行梳理，以供《国际城市规划》各编委参考、指正。</p><p><br  /></p><p>在知网的检索报告和CiteSpace软件的辅助分析下，我们以关键词为线索，从出版风格、面向对象、核心内容、地域特征等方面展开，对不同期刊的共性与个性进行了总结。</p><p><br  /></p><p>根据2016年期刊影响因子的排序先后，我们选取的七本代表性期刊依次为《城市规划学刊》、《城市规划》、《城市发展研究》、《规划师》、《上海城市规划》、《现代城市研究》和《北京规划建设》，各期刊的基本信息汇总如下：</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br  /></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><img data-ratio="0.7677304964539007" data-s="300,640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fjpg%2FqAEVTTssxDcNQmCXqshcdWJMKWTL4iblezyqiaLoKdr4zU3Eamib947qACA87k7QicrUV8utKWskh7LMefL25Uxbmw%2F640%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Djpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="564" style="box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; width: auto !important; visibility: visible !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /><img data-ratio="0.8261617900172117" data-s="300,640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fjpg%2FqAEVTTssxDcNQmCXqshcdWJMKWTL4ible5Uk8ibR0wibjRzBUQKTQKk4qqoYDUU3C5M5FypT3c67picF3DfSb8UE1Q%2F640%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Djpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="581" style="box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; width: auto !important; visibility: visible !important;"></span></p><blockquote data-author="易点微信编辑器" data-url="http://wxedit.yead.net"><section><section></section></section></blockquote><p><br  /></p><blockquote data-author="易点微信编辑器" data-url="http://wxedit.yead.net"><section><section></section></section></blockquote><p><strong>摘录：内容特色</strong></p><blockquote data-author="易点微信编辑器" data-url="http://wxedit.yead.net"><section><section></section></section></blockquote><p><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p>作为体现城乡空间与规划领域的多元性的代表性期刊，不同期刊在定位、内容组织与风格特色上也相应呈现出各自的不同，主要呈现为四种类型：</p><p><br  /></p><p><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fjpg%2FqAEVTTssxDcNQmCXqshcdWJMKWTL4ibleHXz9F0ibRsf8qC5rOQOWmyxyAz9sLqdGxkAI5iaCqXbCGqlRXics6icuGw%2F640%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Djpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="0.5734375" data-w="640"  /></p><p><span style="line-height: 25.6px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br  /></span></p><p><span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"><strong><span style="line-height: 25.6px; white-space: pre-wrap;">本文来自微信公众号：规划中国，长按识别二维码，查看原文全文 </span></strong></span></p><p><span style="line-height: 25.6px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br  /></span></p><p><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fpng%2FcmQT69AZLZLibHMfeMprV12xWjmCibCVj3jly4vkVauow4FIicm12AE1l0LgB58JkoKU1U3kSCEgQvDkGOP9a7Q8g%2F0%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Dpng" class="" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.2893539581437671" data-w="1099" style="border: 0px; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px; white-space: normal;"  /></p><p><span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"><strong><span style="line-height: 1.6;"></span><br  /></strong></span></p><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section><p><span style="color: rgb(249, 5, 7);"><strong>█ 3、李栋|数据时代的规划应对<br  /></strong></span><span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"><strong>微信公众号：cityif</strong></span></p><p><br  /></p><p><strong>摘录：规划转型下的数据演进</strong></p></section></section></section><p><br  /></p><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section><section>数据是应对规划转型、社会变革的最好切入点和支撑点，它能将城市复杂系统的复杂关系和复杂程度刻画清楚，能帮助我们了解城市发展的客观规律，最终实现五个统筹的目标。</section><section><br  /></section><section>数据的演进包括三个层次：感知、测度和挖掘。我们对数据的感知功能有较普遍的了解，大量数据能揭示更多现象，但测度和挖掘更加重要，可能是在深化工作基础上发现的更值得探讨的方向。</section><section><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><img class="" data-ratio="0.5445134575569358" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fpng%2FicKFe0wqE4ePpfFe8GPSkicD2aZ0hXbJ77CVDPXJaibMCAgWIdtg7kKOcT4yQF4I68smkZSZ8P14VWGjVPAVlRMAw%2F640%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Dpng" data-type="png" data-w="483" style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle; word-wrap: break-word !important; width: auto !important; visibility: visible !important;"></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section><section><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section><section><strong>1、数据感知：看的更“精细”</strong></section><section><br  /></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section><section>数据的感知功能使我们对城市规律有更“精细”的认知。精细区别于精致和精准，即提供更微观、更局部的情况。例如：</section><section><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section><section>（1）中关村街道管委会人口疏解及功能改善建议的研究中，通过大数据如手机、公交卡等，研究区域内人口疏解、产业转型、活力提升等，从数据中了解住宅、人口分布特点。中关村街道中很多产业形态是以独栋楼的形式存在，因此研究将产业评估做到楼宇层面，评估每栋楼内个体企业（资本金、就业人口、面积等），分析中关村街道各写字楼经济属性（上升、增长、停滞）。</section><section><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><img class="" data-ratio="0.5398981324278438" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fpng%2FicKFe0wqE4ePpfFe8GPSkicD2aZ0hXbJ775v30rAG8rZArxVJ30vjeEKDq7kjticFbL1lJnI0aus1WLGoNQmyNEOA%2F640%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Dpng" data-type="png" data-w="589" style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle; word-wrap: break-word !important; width: auto !important; visibility: visible !important;"></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section><section><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section><section>（2）对北京市养老卡数据分析与应用案例中，以老年人为研究对象，通过老年IC卡数据掌握北京市老人的分布；研究发现北京市老年人分布与总人口分布有明显的偏差，这为规划中各类配套设施、交通布局等提供参考意见。</section><section><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section><section>（3）北京市十年（2005、2010、2015）文化产业空间布局规律的研究。结果显示朝阳与通州的文创产业逐渐连成轴线型布局。</section><section><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section><section>（4）首都功能核心区地理国情动态监测系统。通过自布硬件来采集信息，如环境传感设施、空气监测网络、行为传感设施等，得到关于人或车的行为数据。</section><section><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><img class="" data-ratio="0.5657657657657658" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fpng%2FicKFe0wqE4ePpfFe8GPSkicD2aZ0hXbJ77JL92AaibSs1dSLibT1hVEjEmMOibZcsicxlKpyRqk5R62uPRlggtZmZqyA%2F640%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Dpng" data-type="png" data-w="555" style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle; word-wrap: break-word !important; width: auto !important; visibility: visible !important;"></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section><section><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section><section><strong>2、数据指标测度：看的更“合理”</strong></section><section><br  /></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section><section>数据收集后对其整理设计的指标测度才是更重要的。五年前指标测度固定，因为所用数据来自统计局官方，有较完整的采集、处理的口径和规则。但现在数据来源于主动收集，因此指标也需要自主设计。最关键的是设计指标的合理性，因为评价指标体系的设计体现了分析的视角和方向，其合理性决定了数据分析的效能。例如：</section><section><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section><section>（1）上海城市体征诊断的研究中，最重要的工作是增加设计指标的可信度。将上海分成六千多个单元，每个单元里有多个来源的数据，共涉及几百个指标。城市系统本身的复杂性决定了指标设计的复杂性，复杂性即体现在人本身凭直觉或者直感没有办法把握其中的规律。</section><section><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><img class="" data-ratio="0.582905982905983" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fpng%2FicKFe0wqE4ePpfFe8GPSkicD2aZ0hXbJ77EYPY8jGM0Imd6qeib58iaHWMLAwgGC9KTia4q4q7axPyzmWKTsPnmGmYw%2F640%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Dpng" data-type="png" data-w="585" style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle; word-wrap: break-word !important; width: auto !important; visibility: visible !important;"></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section><section></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><br  /></section><section><img class="" data-ratio="0.49917898193760263" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fpng%2FicKFe0wqE4ePpfFe8GPSkicD2aZ0hXbJ77zd7H9zYEAgJlYDlibHU0RzAO1rOZ07wOVGf6LBOqBxAu0gwKfQMFDRw%2F640%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Dpng" data-type="png" data-w="609" style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle; word-wrap: break-word !important; width: auto !important; visibility: visible !important;"></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section><section><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section><section>（2）基于城市投资网络分析的城镇群评估。通过数据得知每个企业之间互相投资的信息，包括企业归属地、投资方向等。将这些明晰的数据归集后，通过指标评价反映2000-2015年城市间的投资网络。结果发现2000年只有几大城市之间有很强的投资网络，到2015年投资网络已经开始发散且越来越多的城市参与到投资网络中。在指标设计里，除了常规的投资量，另外增加了两个指标，从网络分析角度增加一个出度入度，将其作为一个整体网络进行刻画。</section><section><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><img class="" data-ratio="0.515625" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fpng%2FicKFe0wqE4ePpfFe8GPSkicD2aZ0hXbJ77orN2QcNy9xBnQCyKvVtltDPpticzZ3UicsjpgR5ejiaVahNuPBkKcfRBQ%2F640%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Dpng" data-type="png" data-w="576" style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle; word-wrap: break-word !important; width: auto !important; visibility: visible !important;"></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section><section><br  /></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section><section><strong>3、算法挖掘：看的更“深入”</strong></section><section><br  /></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section><section>算法的挖掘在未来的数据应用中是一个很大的挑战，这个挑战甚至于超过了获取数据和指标分析。分析模型计算结果的可用性在行业应用中难度较大，因为它得到的结论可能是颠覆性的。</section><section><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section><section>众所周知，传统的理论和方法很多也较成熟，包括在经济地理学、人口地理学等理论支撑下的统计分析、空间分析、概率分析等。然而数据时代已衍生出一些所谓的新理论、新方法，其本质是没有理论。</section><section><br  /></section><section>有本书叫《第四范式》，讨论了在数据密集情况下如何做才科学，即在没有理论的前提下如何拿数据堆砌出一个合理的现象的说明。缺少理论的数据分析在城市规划或决策中存在很大风险。</section><section><br  /></section><section>拿上海城市体征诊断为例，分析与上海年轻人分布关系较强的指标，通过随机森林模型得到的结果是外地人口比重，这个结果超出预期但也合理，上海本地老龄化严重，年轻人聚集的地方也是外地人聚集区。</section><section><br  /></section><section>继续研究利用决策树模型，根据设定的指标判断每个地块的类型，层层设计，最终不断推演得知所有地块对年轻人的吸引能力。这对上海市未来城市更新或改造具有重要意义。这个就是城市规律在空间层面的的一种表达形式。</section><section><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><img class="" data-ratio="0.5069444444444444" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fpng%2FicKFe0wqE4ePpfFe8GPSkicD2aZ0hXbJ773hu5yMhV1BQTNjSPTxHJwgA1cticM3CB1Rn0YVQmia58K6nicCGFYtFvA%2F640%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Dpng" data-type="png" data-w="576" style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle; word-wrap: break-word !important; width: auto !important; visibility: visible !important;"></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section><section><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section><section>数据创新不容易，在摸索前进中面临的最大问题是规划行业数据应用理论的缺失，数据已经走在了应用的前面。数据大量获取已不是难题，关键是如何更加科学、合理、有效地应用。因此未来数据方向的重点在于，相关理论的支撑下，通过数据实现理解城市复杂系统的规律。</section><section><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section><section>最后，用四句话作为结语，也是与同仁们共勉：</section><section><br  /></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section><section>——数据价值在于多远融合、充分关联；</section><section><br  /></section><section>——我们要善用数据、但不迷信数据，合理设计分析指标尤为关键；</section><section><br  /></section><section>——通过谨慎决策，客观评判算法挖掘的结果；</section><section><br  /></section><section>——坚持规划转型的价值观、把握规划人的初心。</section></section></section></section><p><br  /></p><p><span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"><strong>本文来自微信公众号：cityif，长按识别二维码，查看原文全文 </strong></span></p><p><br  /></p><p><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fpng%2FcmQT69AZLZLibHMfeMprV12xWjmCibCVj3Yb27sdmfoIvfzrSCiaj7uWTpOS89bIzjPWPzuTicnbrXfD4FhdaSH1kw%2F0%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Dpng" style="border: 0px; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px; white-space: normal;" class="" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.2893539581437671" data-w="1099"  /></p><p><br  /></p><p><span style="color: rgb(249, 5, 7);"><strong>█ 推广：城市数据实践：公交API数据抓取——城市公交数据获取的历史与今天<br  /></strong></span><span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"><strong>微信公众号：</strong></span><br style="font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px; white-space: normal;"  /><br style="font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px; white-space: normal;"  />API在程序员界不是一个陌生的词汇，但是在规划界，大家对API的认识也许还都停在百度API提供的poi功能上，但是很多好的API被大家忽略了，通过API得到这个城市的动态数据，我们才能更好地了解这个城市的运行情况。</p><p><br  /></p><p><a href="http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MjM5NjU3NDg2MQ==&mid=2649455591&idx=1&sn=a21021a96d795844eb961a6652058dde&chksm=bef8f805898f71138ea9b8bbf88b4e0867d6073666d6d70beafca8dd20b4b66f9cb323384535&scene=21#wechat_redirect" target="_blank" data_ue_src="http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MjM5NjU3NDg2MQ==&mid=2649455591&idx=1&sn=a21021a96d795844eb961a6652058dde&chksm=bef8f805898f71138ea9b8bbf88b4e0867d6073666d6d70beafca8dd20b4b66f9cb323384535&scene=21#wechat_redirect"><img data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fjpg%2FcmQT69AZLZIqgkrLBevecOscmiaia5ibJBoqVyloKcZib9ZWxazgenQic3oAEY9eZJQzthCecneXhyQ5UJ9pjEnNJ5w%2F0%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Djpeg" data-ratio="0.52578125" data-w="1280"  /></a><br  /></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MjM5NjU3NDg2MQ==&mid=2649455591&idx=1&sn=a21021a96d795844eb961a6652058dde&chksm=bef8f805898f71138ea9b8bbf88b4e0867d6073666d6d70beafca8dd20b4b66f9cb323384535&scene=21#wechat_redirect" target="_blank" data_ue_src="http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MjM5NjU3NDg2MQ==&mid=2649455591&idx=1&sn=a21021a96d795844eb961a6652058dde&chksm=bef8f805898f71138ea9b8bbf88b4e0867d6073666d6d70beafca8dd20b4b66f9cb323384535&scene=21#wechat_redirect">城市数据实践：公交API数据抓取——城市公交数据获取的历史与今天</a></p><p style="text-align: center;"><br  /></p><hr style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"  /><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></strong></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">回复“<span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(217, 33, 66); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">规划</span>”、“<span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(217, 33, 66); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">建筑</span>”、“<span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(217, 33, 66); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">数据</span>”</strong><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">查看<span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(217, 33, 66); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">规划日报</span>、<span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(217, 33, 66); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">建筑日报</span>、<span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(217, 33, 66); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">数据日报</span></strong></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">搜索支持：</span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">guihuayun.com</span></strong><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><img data-ratio="0.9857142857142858" data-s="300,640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fjpg%2FcmQT69AZLZJLGEI72DuKBT5fiaTdPGibRqJXqdCh1IbRXlzNFBZjV6vgiaI7tsZ7LdiaQicicZ6CNj4TchKic5eiatUfVg%2F640%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Djpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="70" style="box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: auto !important;" width="auto"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; 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