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                        <section style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: white;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; vertical-align: top; letter-spacing: 15px; line-height: 1; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" padding: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="height: 1px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgba(38, 53, 73, 0.862745);"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="letter-spacing: 3px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一<span style="color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 19.44px; white-space: pre-wrap; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">°</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 19.44px; white-space: pre-wrap; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(254, 255, 255);"></span><span style="line-height: 24px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(254, 255, 255);">览<span style="line-height: 24px; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">°</span>众<span style="line-height: 24px; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">°</span>山<span style="line-height: 24px; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">°</span>小</span></span></strong></span></section><section style="text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box;">SustainableCity & Transportation</span><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" padding: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="height: 1px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgba(38, 53, 73, 0.862745);"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 100%; padding: 1em 10px; box-sizing: border-box; background-image: url("http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/mee9Bdh9Tia9TACYZupTJ7OoMpkZpHaJmAevq4Bic0wRYEBsibhLeRbTEicy2M4r9dQFMWbbaEbQh4K5MibjZhlrrWw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg"); background-attachment: scroll; background-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); background-size: 101.066%; background-position: 50% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(8, 8, 8); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">    </strong><strong style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;"> 编辑团队</strong></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; max-width: 100%; border-color: rgb(8, 8, 8); border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: solid; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">  原文/ Angie Schmitt、Houston 5、TransitColumbus</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">  翻译/ 雪妍   文献/ 杨志威   排版/ 白松</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">  编辑/ 众山小  校核/ 众山小   </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="group-empty" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; vertical-align: top; box-sizing: border-box;"> </section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 38.2%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img id="ledtxt.com" style="max-width: 100%; width: 70%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/mee9Bdh9TiaibXbgN91v9UbZibduBkR93wvOod5GRkWCvFibnlliarA20XXHwbiaGXColo2V8ma8c1mOc55SdibdjgneA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="1.0067567567567568" data-w="148"  /></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 61.8%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: block; float: left; padding: 0px 3px 0px 0px; line-height: 1; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(31, 156, 202); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">译者萌像&导读：</strong></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: block; min-height: 4.5em !important; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">近期我国各地的公交客流都出现了负面的增长,除了愈演愈烈的互联网约车可能带来的影响之外，根本上还是我们缺乏对城市公共交通网络的整体认识和优化。而美国也在思考，多年没有更新的公交网络是否应该重新审视设计？公交网络再设计究竟对客流量有何种影响？新公交网络应用初期客运量暴跌会不会让宝宝内心崩溃掉？哈哈，别担心，坚持下去，只要发展方向对了，最后大团圆结尾也是蛮甜蜜的，有道是：好事多磨咯（休斯顿公交线网优化经历了两个月的客流下跌后，收获大幅增长）！本次的三则短文介绍了美国德克萨斯州休斯顿以及哥伦布两市公交网络再设计的案例，希望对公交网络感兴趣的你会喜欢哦~</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section><section style="clear: both; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 4px; font-size: 8px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; width: 100%; margin-bottom: 0.2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(8, 8, 8); width: 90%; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 8px; height: 8px; margin-top: -4px; margin-right: -4px; border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(8, 8, 8);"></section></section><section class="" style="text-align: right; margin-top: -1.5em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="width: 2em; height: 2em; line-height: 2em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-radius: 100%; text-align: center; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(31, 156, 202);"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">请</section></section><section class="" style="width: 2em; height: 2em; line-height: 2em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-radius: 100%; text-align: center; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(31, 156, 202);"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">看</section></section><section class="" style="width: 2em; height: 2em; line-height: 2em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-radius: 100%; text-align: center; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(31, 156, 202);"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">正</section></section><section class="" style="width: 2em; height: 2em; line-height: 2em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-radius: 100%; text-align: center; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(31, 156, 202);"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">文</section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.6em; height: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; line-height: 2.6em; border-radius: 50%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(31, 156, 202);"><section style="width: 1.8em; height: 1.8em; line-height: 1.8em; border-radius: 50%; margin: 0.36em 0px 0.35em 0.44em; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: white;"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">01</section></section></section></section><section style="margin: -0.5em auto 0.3em; width: 0px; border-top-width: 1.1em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(31, 156, 202); border-left-width: 1em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-color: transparent !important; border-right-width: 1.12em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="border-top-color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-size: 20.8px; border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: solid; padding: 1px 5px 0px; line-height: 1.2; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">则一、</strong><strong style="line-height: 1.19; box-sizing: border-box;">休斯顿公交网络再设计，迎来客流春天</strong></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 0px; border-right-width: 0.5em; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(31, 156, 202); border-top-width: 1em !important; border-top-style: solid !important; border-top-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-width: 1em !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><span style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; height: 2em; line-height: 2em; padding: 0px 5px; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgba(211, 207, 206, 0.117647);" class=""><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">原文/ Angie Schmitt    翻译/ 雪妍</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></span><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 0px; border-left-width: 0.5em; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(31, 156, 202); border-top-width: 1em !important; border-top-style: solid !important; border-top-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-width: 1em !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: block; float: left; padding: 0px 3px 0px 0px; line-height: 1; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 44.8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">今</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: block; min-height: 4.5em !important; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">年八月，休斯顿推出了其新的公交网络，重新配置，以增加服务频次，扩大周末运营时间，并改善获得就业机会。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section><section style="clear: both; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img id="ledtxt.com" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/mee9Bdh9TiaibXbgN91v9UbZibduBkR93wvOQyysBUPZTlQerOoGkrrkkV9Kun0122vPoOuwkGKzjHhpyt2icvxqZg/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.3255395683453237" data-w=""  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图一、休斯顿公交再设计前后对比</em></strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></em></strong></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">今年八月，休斯顿推出了其新的公交网络，重新配置，以增加服务频次，扩大周末运营时间，并改善获得就业机会。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">这次实施存在一定争议，因为当我们查看新政实行一个月后的统计数据时却发现公交车乘客人数总体下降了4％，但周末乘客却在上升。“这是预料之中的，”负责该项目的交通顾问Jarrett Walker写到，“因为人们需要一定时间适应变化，并熟悉新的路线。“</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">现在短短的两个月后，METRO报告公交车乘客回复到了先前的水平。十一月的总体客运量同比增长4%。</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">自2015年8月16日起，新公交网络上涨的客运量非常喜人。”METRO委员会董事长Gilbert Garcia在新闻发布会中说到，“我们已在路线研究、社区听证会、规划改进以及员工培训等方面投入了大量的时间，我们有信心这样的趋势会继续增长。”</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">在十月份，Walker说他期待在重新设计后，在本市交通部门的良好管理下，客运量能够两年内上升20%。我们拭目以待，几个月后的增长是有希望的。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">这些结果应该被类似Columbus这样有着相似情况的城市所借鉴。METRO已准备好推出一个新的换乘制度来促进更大的客流量。先前，付现金的乘客无法免费换乘。在新的换乘制度下，三小时内车票都将享受免费换乘。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img id="ledtxt.com" style="width: 2.8em; float: right; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/lVIlGnQvHy85zJ5VN9g6GoNQ7cga50UYb1yjuZnEkUPKCxBQqVVveEiclo3tokRNcjq3DHNaKs5Dic2TPo3eBWJw/0?wx_fmt=png" class="" data-ratio="0.38636363636363635" data-w="44"  /> <section class="" style="clear: both; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 100%; border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: dotted; border-top-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); box-sizing: border-box; background: url("http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/mee9Bdh9TiaibXbgN91v9UbZibduBkR93wvSD68aRIDArNYg1rTyR4iaA0afjS4NUCArNH4CIc351YynDUDD0euxLg/0?wx_fmt=png") repeat-x;" class=""></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.6em; height: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; line-height: 2.6em; border-radius: 50%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(31, 156, 202);"><section style="width: 1.8em; height: 1.8em; line-height: 1.8em; border-radius: 50%; margin: 0.36em 0px 0.35em 0.44em; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: white;"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">02</section></section></section></section><section style="margin: -0.5em auto 0.3em; width: 0px; border-top-width: 1.1em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(31, 156, 202); border-left-width: 1em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-color: transparent !important; border-right-width: 1.12em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="border-top-color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-size: 20.8px; border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: solid; padding: 1px 5px 0px; line-height: 1.2; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">则二、</strong><strong style="line-height: 1.19; box-sizing: border-box;">休斯顿：新网络下的大客流</strong></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 0px; border-right-width: 0.5em; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(31, 156, 202); border-top-width: 1em !important; border-top-style: solid !important; border-top-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-width: 1em !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><span style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; height: 2em; line-height: 2em; padding: 0px 5px; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgba(211, 207, 206, 0.117647);" class=""><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">原文/ Houston 5    翻译/ 雪妍 </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></span><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 0px; border-left-width: 0.5em; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(31, 156, 202); border-top-width: 1em !important; border-top-style: solid !important; border-top-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-width: 1em !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">基于“系统再想象”过程，休斯顿METRO应用了其“新网络”已有两个月时间了。第一个月的客流量数据已得到，其中一些数据可能会被误读并导致恐慌。不过没关系，这正是我们预料之中的。所以让我们来个深呼吸，仔细看看这些数据吧：</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">首先，让我们回忆一下“新网络”的内容。在不增加预算的前提下，主要的改进有如下三方面：</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">o 网络对于客流量的贡献从55%上涨为75%。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">o 大大扩展了高频次服务的范围，使得一百万人口得以与一百万就业岗位对接。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">o 扩大了周末服务班次，特别是周日的服务班次。所以周末日间及晚间的服务水平几乎与工作日一样高。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">我们现在有了第一个月的客流量数据，在报告表格里，每月数据都与上一年月度数据进行对比。由于新网络自8月起实行，再次使用了2015年9月及2014年9月的对比数据来展现其影响。是的，就是这个，METRO月度报告<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(95, 156, 239); box-sizing: border-box;">（参考文献1，请联系我们索取）</span></strong>。注意"METROBus Local"一栏体现了由再设计带来的巨大变化。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img id="ledtxt.com" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/mee9Bdh9TiaibXbgN91v9UbZibduBkR93wvRwwmf8vNtNfKUxZ82VbWC7IfSrOPP1dOLXBmE5z3Pv42YlBLEFI9bQ/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.9298561151079137" data-w=""  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图二、日均客流量</strong></em></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">轨道数据一路飙升，但是请看公交车数据，赤字！什么情况？那些咨询公司都傻了吗？一点儿都没有。这正是我们预期的。事实上，新网络与公交车客运量的积极影响是相一致的。</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一、大好消息：周末井喷。</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">首先，客运量在周末特别是周日涌入。这是因为我们大大增加了周末服务的班次并且将其进行简化。目前本地的公交服务在一周七天本质上都是相同的（唯一的区别是工作日的高峰时段，以及周末的早班车更晚一点出发）。我们知道周末需求通常被低估，而这种需求可以以很低的成本得到挖掘，我们的选择是对的。第一个月的周末客运量特别喜人。且听我慢慢道来：</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">二、我们预料到了一个短期的下降</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">当休斯顿METRO董事会向我咨询客流量的影响预测时，我曾说，在良好的市场运作达到两年后，伴随其它事件的促进作用，客运量应该会有20%的提升。那只是我根据经验判断的一个简单的预测。然而，如果你倾向于用模型，我可以用本地模型为你算出同样的结果。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">我们通常可以观察到，在我们的业务中，如果我们做出任何大的调整时，最初的几个月总会有一定下降，但长期的数据会有所增长。的确，人类是一种受习惯驱动的生物，他们总会花上一段时间才能适应新的机会。同时，高频次的网络最深刻的变革影响是人们开始根据公交网络选择自己的工作居住地点，所以高频次的线路将吸引特定的人口及产业。这些改变在第一个月都不会出现，但是在两年内是有望萌芽的，而更大的受益将在远期实现。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">三、其他导致下降的原因</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">第一个月的下降是我们预料之中的。本地公交车客运量总共下降了3.9%，吓坏宝宝了吗？并没有。因为在2014年9月至2015年9月的这一年里，另外三件事发生了。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">o 环境变化。与新网络无关的时间同时发生了。最大的变化就是油气价格的大幅下降。油气的低价倾向于降低公交客流量，但是在休斯顿这也意味着主导产业的大幅裁员，这也同时减少了对公交的需求。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">o 两条主要的轻轨线路开通，有意将客流从繁重的公交车线路转移至轻轨线路。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">o 新网络撤销了与轻轨平行的公交线路，鼓励在这些廊道上的乘客更多乘坐轻轨而非公交车。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">让我们仔细研究下~</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">3.1、环境变化</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">工作日的公交车客运量下降了8.4%，但是P&R专线的客流量下降了3.8%。“这很有趣因为新网络并没有改变P&R系统，P&R不属于本地公交系统，其线路通向远郊区。”</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">这就是我们探寻2014年9月至2015年9月之间影响客流量因素的线索。罪魁祸首是什么？油气价格的显著下降。它将带来两个影响：</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">o 公交客运量通常和汽油零售价相关，当汽油价格上涨时，更多人将放弃私家车，转而选择乘坐公交车。反之亦然。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">o 油气产业的裁员——这是休斯顿经济的重要部分，而裁员意味着通勤者数量的减少。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">o 所以抛开新网络，我们预料到公交客运量的下降。此外，将P&R客运量的下降以及市中心岗位的减少数据应该会有很好的相关。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">3.2、轻轨带来的影响 - 直接替代了拥挤的公交车</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">当轻轨进驻，替代了拥挤的的公交线路，无疑很高的公交车客运量将转变为轻轨客运量，你可以预期到公交车的总客运量下降。这并不意味这公交车在走下坡路，这意味公交车的成功导致了对高运力的交通技术的需求，只不过更高运力技术成功将公交车的角色取代了。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">两条轻轨新线在同一年度开通，绿线和紫线，这两条2015年5月开通的线路都通向城市西南部。这显然导致了公交客运量向轻轨的转移，正如我们预期的那样。其中之一的紫线链接了市中心以及巨大的休斯顿大学（以及稍小的南德州大学）， 替代了一条客运量很高的公交线路。仅这一点就可以导致上千客流量从公交车至轻轨的转移，从而导致公交车客流量的下降。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img id="ledtxt.com" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/mee9Bdh9TiaibXbgN91v9UbZibduBkR93wvqrWywZUQ32HjTIkdSpibm4GtiaGFeDBYGhFCicEeiaJdPuAYCZmQHdReyg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.4895591647331787" data-w="431"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图三、休斯顿轻轨系统</strong></em></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">3.3、公交线路的撤销</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">另一个我们预测公交客流量下降，轻轨客流量上升的原因就是新网络撤销了与轻轨相竞争的公交线路。有一些公交线路恰好与贯穿高密度内城的轻轨红线相重合，这必将令轻轨客运量下降。新网络同时采用了公交车-轻轨换乘改进了原先的公交-公交换乘。当这样做时，公交车乘客就可能变为了轻轨乘客。在本年度轻轨并没有变化的情况下，这可能就是轻轨红线客流增长的最大原因。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">四、我们高估数据了吗？</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">美国公交统计数据中一个很让人无奈的事情是，数据过度依赖于上车客流计数，但人们关心的实际上是完整的旅程数据。当你换乘时，你上车两次，但实际上你只是完成了一次出行。如果我们重复统计了换乘数据，那么这个客流量的下降甚至将比我们看到的更加糟糕。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">幸好，数据来源显示，初步分析这不是问题，换乘量同比基本持平。</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">关于新网络是如何针对一些已有的出行要求和鼓励更多换乘这个问题，我们已经讲清楚了。这个说法旨在管理预测已有乘客，并不意味这我们期待换乘量增加，并且换乘率持平也是一个好消息。总的来说，新网络减少了很多非市中心目的地的出行的换乘，并且使原先需要换乘两次的出行变成了换乘一次。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">五、总结：新网络的积极影响浮现</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">在公交服务进行大改动后的客运量下滑，是非常正常的事情。因为人们总是会遵循以前的习惯，那些因为新网络不方便的乘客会暂时放弃乘坐，然而一旦稍后他们找到合适的线路，他们会回来享受公交的便捷的。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">我对目前下降的几个百分点并不吃惊。实际上，如果综合工作日的下降以及周末的上升，本地公交车客运量的总体下降其实不足4%。然而当我们想想什么事情同时也发生了？</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">o 主要的公交车市场转向了轻轨，由于新建的轻轨线路以及被撤销的公交车线路。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">o 油价的下调及其对休斯顿经济的影响，都是在新网络实施以外，造成公交车客运量降低的因素。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">我觉得，8%客运量降低，与新网络的事实没有任何关系。与我们先前对运营后一个月的客运量的预测相比，如今的状况已经是一个成功。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">* 可悲的是，我们并不能将轻轨开通带来的影响剔除，因为轻轨仅仅在大学学年结束时开通，所以九月份不仅是新网络实行的第一个月，同时也是大学新学年轻轨满载的第一个月。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img id="ledtxt.com" style="width: 2.8em; float: right; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/lVIlGnQvHy85zJ5VN9g6GoNQ7cga50UYb1yjuZnEkUPKCxBQqVVveEiclo3tokRNcjq3DHNaKs5Dic2TPo3eBWJw/0?wx_fmt=png" class="" data-ratio="0.38636363636363635" data-w="44"  /> <section class="" style="clear: both; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 100%; border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: dotted; border-top-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); box-sizing: border-box; background: url("http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/mee9Bdh9TiaibXbgN91v9UbZibduBkR93wvSD68aRIDArNYg1rTyR4iaA0afjS4NUCArNH4CIc351YynDUDD0euxLg/0?wx_fmt=png") repeat-x;" class=""></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.6em; height: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; line-height: 2.6em; border-radius: 50%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(31, 156, 202);"><section style="width: 1.8em; height: 1.8em; line-height: 1.8em; border-radius: 50%; margin: 0.36em 0px 0.35em 0.44em; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: white;"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">03</section></section></section></section><section style="margin: -0.5em auto 0.3em; width: 0px; border-top-width: 1.1em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(31, 156, 202); border-left-width: 1em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-color: transparent !important; border-right-width: 1.12em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="border-top-color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-size: 20.8px; border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: solid; padding: 1px 5px 0px; line-height: 1.2; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">则三、</strong><strong style="line-height: 1.19; box-sizing: border-box;">稳步提升的客运量展现METRO步入正轨</strong></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 0px; border-right-width: 0.5em; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(31, 156, 202); border-top-width: 1em !important; border-top-style: solid !important; border-top-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-width: 1em !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><span style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; height: 2em; line-height: 2em; padding: 0px 5px; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgba(211, 207, 206, 0.117647);" class=""><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">原文/ TransitColumbus    翻译/ 雪妍 </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></span><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 0px; border-left-width: 0.5em; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(31, 156, 202); border-top-width: 1em !important; border-top-style: solid !important; border-top-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-width: 1em !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">报告显示，客流量同比上涨11%</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">METRO选择通过提供更好线路来吸引客流量，而这在全线都有了显著而稳健的增长。在2015年11月，所有线路的客流量增长了近700万人次，同比增长11%。2015年11月的本地公交客流量也比去年同期增长4%。METRO轻轨的红线客运量涨幅达到26%，P&R专线客流量也上涨了近6.5个百分点。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">“我们正处于提升休斯顿地区机动性选择五年规划的开局之年，在瞄准发展方向，提升职工技能等方面都初见成效，我们也相信这个增长趋势将继续。”METRO委员会董事长Gilbert Garcia在新闻发布会中说到，“自2015年8月16日起，新公交网络上涨的客运量非常喜人。我们已在路线研究、社区听证会、规划改进以及员工培训等方面投入了大量的时间，我们有信心这样的趋势会继续增长。”</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">“这是一个好的开端，我们希望新的换乘规定将进一步提升客运量”METRO首席执行官Tom Lambert说到，“向各个方向换乘的能力不仅将让公交网络更加方便，而且将给我们的乘客更多自由的选择，并且节省时间及金钱。”</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">METRO将在周日，2016年1月24日推行双向换乘政策。新政将一切昂的单程计费转变为三小时票制，使得持卡人可以在购票三小时内向任何方向的本地公交或轻轨换乘。目前，免费换乘仅限一次。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img id="ledtxt.com" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/mee9Bdh9TiaibXbgN91v9UbZibduBkR93wvkrV1kAiceicuzTgXhq06a8d4DbfnrwWkaw1SkcdCDrS2MhwLy1CcTjaw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.3787528868360277" data-w="433"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图四、2015年11月固定线路客流量</strong></em></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></em></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></em></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img id="ledtxt.com" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/mee9Bdh9TiaibXbgN91v9UbZibduBkR93wvHDyI9OOHIOm0xqUZusJBaJZiaMiciaQy1c8IdRbdGMdWibUlW3oWytH28A/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.36926605504587157" data-w="436"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图五、本地METRO公交车在感恩节以及黑色星期五的总客流量将近30000人次，与2014年相比，同比增长18%。</strong></em></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">目前你可能已经听说过COTA的TSR（公交系统再设计）规划内容（http://www.cota.com/Projects/Transit-System-Redesign.aspx）或者今年新鲜出炉的公交再设计项目。自COTA于70年代建立至今，系统在各方面的变化都极少，然而Columbus地区的人口和发展已经发生了翻天覆地的变化。进入TSR，COTA将以前瞻的视角，全面审视其设计及系统的功能。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img id="ledtxt.com" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/mee9Bdh9TiaibXbgN91v9UbZibduBkR93wv653r164aicW302TyvUrV37MRBUNvUZwcdzAcL8oruuNicXmCseuS5icow/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.6258992805755396" data-w=""  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图六、网络现状</em></strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></em></strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></em></strong></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img id="ledtxt.com" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/mee9Bdh9TiaibXbgN91v9UbZibduBkR93wvenetqPmYlVXuqGCmosY2m3KuZ2VCxfaib1gOHTqe7dAmpX0YOPCAKqA/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.6258992805755396" data-w=""  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图七、网络频次现状</strong></em></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">前系统的功能主要是枢纽及放射网络，全部主要线路穿过市中心。 TSR研究结果主要为今后整个系统如何在未来产生重大影响。研究通过将15分钟一班的“高频次线路”扩展至更大网络，提供了提升Columbus地区机动性的机会。如果COTA实现这一规划，则更高机动性则有望实现。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img id="ledtxt.com" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/mee9Bdh9TiaibXbgN91v9UbZibduBkR93wvqicl3RxVv30qHhkMwUNdHzTfK05p3OQTW4ticgtEvdLIjNXXJZv9SpmQ/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.6258992805755396" data-w=""  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图八、最新TSR网络提案</em></strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">类似COTA的再设计，在全国范围内已有先例。我们知道为了扩展高频次公交网络，冗余而低效的线路将被压缩、退回或者撤销。虽然一些改变会遇到困难，但总体来说还是会给整个系统带来高效，高频，高运力以及更好的服务。然而在最初的研究中的一些高频次服务线路，在最新的提案中被削减。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img id="ledtxt.com" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/mee9Bdh9TiaibXbgN91v9UbZibduBkR93wv5RcXuadD9QqfyVicrXflH5eE2bef4B8OOLXiaHkCdcCjM2rDybjUED3g/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.6258992805755396" data-w=""  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图九、最新TSR网络提案</strong></em></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></em></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></em></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img id="ledtxt.com" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/mee9Bdh9TiaibXbgN91v9UbZibduBkR93wvc9HCGP8iaLR4NvibhPfLAkfFia1mWyibRibdhAduibHcMUt45KDGHER3urpg/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.6258992805755396" data-w=""  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图十、最初TSR网络提案，画圈部分表明删掉的线路</strong></em></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">上图显示了COTA初版提案和最新版的比较。在扩展高频次服务线路的同时，西北部以及近东边都有线路在最新规划中被降级为低频次线路。其中西北部的线路本可以为需要公交的高密度人群，如移民社区、学生以及年轻上班族服务的。近东部的线路本应为高密度地区提供主要换乘点并且减轻不必要的市中心交通量。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img id="ledtxt.com" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/mee9Bdh9TiaibXbgN91v9UbZibduBkR93wvI8kYKiayHgMXVoJiaVNsXib2cEboftQtuPW84hIffbqDI7icIX04ptM5iag/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.9946043165467626" data-w=""  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图十一、最初TSR网络提案，画圈部分表明删掉的线路</em></strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></em></strong></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">这些变化让人质疑COTA最初的承诺，即TSR研究应用后两年内，客流量将增加20%。TSR日程将在2017年5月实施，在此之前规划依然有修改的余地，这各有利弊。COTA采取积极主动的第一步与TSR创造更加实用，方便，高效的交通系统，Columbus公交部门对这样的努力表示赞赏。现在应该是COTA确保充分落实TSR计划成功的时机了，但愿在2017年5月的一个清晨，Columbus将伴随着一个日新月异的交通系统而苏醒。应用TSR是MoveUs众多建议中的一点，旨在促使Columbus走向多交通方式发展的未来。</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 18px; color: rgb(3, 154, 192); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">我们为本文提供的免费下载资料有：</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">1、</strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">《2015年9月公交客流月度报告》</span></strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></strong></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img id="ledtxt.com" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/mee9Bdh9TiaibXbgN91v9UbZibduBkR93wvLSeuGNCseh6I9b37mrQ5HqEjWiadPxsYnGQ2hrv1icrr9l1tD77JLCjg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.8381294964028777" data-w=""  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; 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"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(95, 156, 239); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">请联系我们微信号@SustainableCity</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">或电邮daizongliu@qq.com索取 </strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img id="ledtxt.com" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/mee9Bdh9Tia9TACYZupTJ7OoMpkZpHaJm0jUTu4icQd2bLqDsmCbE4vTOMVFnu0Ocl8ZL4sQ9nFrI7uHU87aJVEQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="1.776978417266187" data-w=""  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; 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"><section class="" style="text-align: left; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;">「 欢迎投稿 」</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;">我们作为专业志愿者团体，秉承理想，帮助中国可持续发展。并为之贡献：理念与传播、培训与教育、实践与孵化。欢迎您加入我们一起并肩前行！</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;">2014-2016 ? 转载请注明：<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  />源自公众号“一览众山小-可持续城市与交通”</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; 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