可负担城市住房战略与公交优先相伴而行、彼此成就,是确保城市可持续发展的重要因素。然而,关于公交优先的分区规划能否真正提高住房负担能力,规划界一直存在争议。如果不能全面了解城市问题产生的原因,或者对问题促发的连锁反应视而不见,太教条地执行听上去还不错的主意,很容易吃亏——比如规划师常挂在嘴边的TOD。本号今天和下周将推送两篇关于TOD的文章(思考+案例),请作者带我们一起深入地看看大家似乎已经非常耳熟能详的TOD,到底如何才能成功。
图1 最早提出TOD的建筑师彼得·卡尔索普
数量可观、全球广泛地区的研究已经证明,新建或升级的TOD项目正在为投资者和当地社区带来可观的经济效益。重大交通项目甚至能从根本上重塑城市结构[3]。2006年我在伯克利大学的理论课上,曾跟一名商学院的交换生和另一名交通规划研究生同学组队探讨TOD在旧金山湾区的可行性。在对十几座城市的TOD进行房租圈层和收入模型分析后,我们得出来一个有些意外的结论:城市增加公交建设投入,有可能造就更多不公平。
图3 旧金山湾区捷运系统地图(左:旧金山市捷运地图;右:区域捷运地图)
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《轨道创造的世界都市——东京》
轨道交通TOD地区布局模式的形态演变
编辑、排版:张祎娴