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<p><br  /></p><section style="max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-top: -1em;padding: 20px 10px 10px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(192, 200, 209);background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></strong></section><p style="margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">赵  旭</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">，北京大学与设计学院（深圳研究生院<span style="font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);">）</span>，北京大学城市与环境学院博士研究生。</span></p><p style="margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">张文佳</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">，北京大学与设计学院<span style="font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);">（</span>深圳研究生院<span style="font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);">）</span>助理教授，博士生导师。</span></p><p style="margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">阴   劼</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">， 北京大学与设计学院<span style="font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);">（</span>深圳研究生院<span style="font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);">）</span>，北京大学城市与环境学院副教授，博士生导师。中国学会会员。本文通信作者。</span></p><p style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">原文刊载于《》杂志2020年第5期 </span></strong><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section><br  /></section><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">居民自建是居民以家庭为决策单元，以改善住房条件为目标，在所占有土地上新建、改建、扩建自住房屋的行为。1980年邓小平同志《关于建筑业和住宅问题的谈话》以及国家建委《全国基本建设工作会议汇报提纲》中提出了城镇居民私人建房的可行性，并鼓励居民私人建房。1983年《城镇个人建造住宅管理办法》的出台让城镇居民个人建房有了制度保障， 全国城镇居民自建房迎来井喷式发展。统计资料显示，1988年城镇居民私人建房投资占全国住宅建设投资总数由1979年的2％增加到18％，人均住房面积由6.9㎡提高到13㎡。居民自建成为我国住房供给的一种策略，为缓解我国城镇居民住房短缺问题做出了巨大贡献。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">随着1990年代我国市场经济的确立和住房体制改革的展开，发展土地市场和商品住房成为各级政府的共识。在开发与保护的两极导向下，我国逐渐形成了以土地开发与再开发为核心的“开发”模式和以历史遗产保护为核心的“保护”模式，同时产生了与之匹配的制度设计。在此过程中，居民自建被认为是低标准的、土地利用效率低下的，并且不符合政府所希望的城市形象。居民自建也未能得到针对性的制度支持，并在实际建设中被地方政府所淡化。随着2008年《城镇个人建造住宅管理办法》被废止，居民自建成为规划制度之外的特殊存在。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">然而在地方城镇，居民自建活动保持着旺盛的生命力。2010年全国第六次人口普查数据显示，我国地方城镇中居民自建房占据了居民住房总量的56.19%。2016年住房城乡建设部组织了对全国121个小城镇的调研结果显示70%的城镇居民住在自建房中。这不禁引起我们的思考：在地方城镇，居民自建经历了怎样的发展？现行的规划制度能否指导居民自建的发展？地方政府又是如何应对居民自建的民间需求？</span></section><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">本文关注汉阴县老城区发展过程中的一个特殊现象——“城镇居民自建”及其发展背后的制度设计与地方经验。汉阴县隶属陕西省安康市，位于陕南秦巴山区。1983-2017年间汉阴老城共有838个居民家庭参与居民自建、自建房屋714栋、总建筑面积超过15万m</span><span style="font-size: 12px;"><sup><span style="font-family: 宋体;vertical-align: super;">2</span></sup></span><span style="text-indent: 2em;font-size: 16px;">。通过1985年老城的历史照片（图1）我们可以看到，汉阴老城具有完整的传统城市风貌和建筑特征。遗憾的是，汉阴老城既没有建立或被纳入老城保护体系，也没有能力进行大规模的旧城改造，最终走出了一条以居民自建为核心的发展与更新之路。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.6550264550264551" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRjUAdtx8rkSo7Adkyia4l6Z80kb6asfQCYOL5tA82NP4D4ZYRsQV74v3xCbhUwrHTI2HpdfLWcAdbw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="945"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.6550264550264551" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRjUAdtx8rkSo7Adkyia4l6Z8s8thHvwLc0LBGdekibXWn88v6evEbjqnYqZQCBN5NQFRYtAFR2TficLQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="945"  /></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图1｜</span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;text-size-adjust: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">汉阴老城不同时期城市风貌</span></strong></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;text-size-adjust: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 14px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">（上图1985年，下图2019年，同一拍摄地点）</span></strong></span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 25px 8px 20px;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">汉阴县居民自建房可分为3个阶段：居民自主建设阶段、政府主导建设阶段和政府控制建设阶段。不同阶段地方政府和居民对城镇居民自建房持有不同的态度，导致居民自建房在时间和空间上呈现出差异化发展（图2-图4）。</span></p><p style="margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.6084656084656085" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRjUAdtx8rkSo7Adkyia4l6Z8mFiaTicjH2FRlNx6SzSn9B5dd1NlOmzibnNMCjhSh5BoOVVqWrnuuBFHA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="945" style=""  /></p><section style="max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图2｜</span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;text-size-adjust: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">历年居民自建的栋数及平均层数</span></strong></section><p><br  /></p><p><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.25703125" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRjUAdtx8rkSo7Adkyia4l6Z8v86UDBmArUdg2xiaraYEjdNS2LIYKcyFtRy58rrISS7vr0KKT8bAWmg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style=""  /></p><p style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图3｜</span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;text-size-adjust: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">不同阶段居民自建房占地面积-建筑面积关系分析</span></strong></p><p><br  /></p><p><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.20859375" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRjUAdtx8rkSo7Adkyia4l6Z8xR45p2m2GibBuUgLX5LwzVia7c06wNJZROYFlINhLHnR05NvQlDq73jQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style=""  /></p><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图4｜</span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;text-size-adjust: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">不同阶段居民自建房的空间分布</span></strong></section><p><br  /></p><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">通过汉阴老城的居民自建我们可以看到，受经济条件的制约，我国近30年城市化过程中形成的制度在地方城镇老城区的实施过程中存在困难，特别是中西部地区、非保护性的老城区。在这种情况下，地方政府通过地方性政策与居民之间达成共识，在不违背现行规划制度的情况下完成老城的发展与更新。</span><br  /></section><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">首先，政府行使了编制办法所赋予的选择权，选择易于执行、必须实施的道路红线和建设高度作为老城街区地块的基本控制要求，减少了对居民自建的控制要求和指标。其次，政府利用了《民法通则》和《物权法》中对“相邻关系”的解释，在《城乡规划法》及相关法规之外找到了一条可供选择的合法化途径，解决了居民自建难以满足日照间距的问题。再次，通过四邻同意和联合建房政策，各产权主体采用协商的方式对一定区域内复杂、破碎的地块进行重组、再开发，甚至进行产权的重新分配，并自主的判断合理的建筑间距，实现了对居民居住空间的优化。最后，政府通过后退红线“零”收费政策与居民达成合作，减少居民建房的交易成本，以较低成本实现了老城街道扩宽的目标。</span></section><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">政府通过四邻同意政策和联合建房政策引导居民协商，通过后退红线“零”收费政策实现官民合作，这3项规划之外的地方性政策与规划之内的道路红线、建筑高度的指标管控，共同形成了汉阴老城居民自建的制度基本框架，保障了居民自建活动的顺利进行（图5）。</span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.5234375" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRjUAdtx8rkSo7Adkyia4l6Z8QRoib77xodMDnd8lkEZL0XMficQytb2CfMPwgauNG4IyhnOsBGicIOgRg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style=""  /><span style="letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图5｜</span></strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;text-size-adjust: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">居民自建的制度框架</span></strong></p><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 25px 8px 10px;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">研究认为，遵循法治思维、放管结合、引导多方利益主体进行协商合作的汉阴地方实践经验，可以为我国的存量型规划发展提供的一个有意义的启示。与此同时，我们也该看到，以居民自建为主的老城更新，与规划理想所希望的城市风貌的空间结果却是相悖的。此类现象汉阴并不是个例。这也提示我们，价值选择和程序正义并不等于结果正义，在未来的存量规划和城市更新改造中需要结合工具理性和价值理性、反思设计自身理论与方法的不足，加强“因城施策”的在地性探索。</span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 20px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;text-indent: 2em;line-height: 2em;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><em style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">（撰稿：赵旭）</em></span></section><hr style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;border-style: solid;border-right-width: 0px;border-bottom-width: 0px;border-left-width: 0px;border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);transform-origin: 0px 0px;transform: scale(1, 0.5);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /><p style="margin: 5px 8px;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(217, 33, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">欢迎在朋友圈转发，转载请在后台留言</span></strong></span></p><hr style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;border-style: solid;border-right-width: 0px;border-bottom-width: 0px;border-left-width: 0px;border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);transform-origin: 0px 0px;transform: scale(1, 0.5);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /><section style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-top: 15px;margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;min-height: 17px;line-height: 27.2px;widows: 1;text-align: center;letter-spacing: 0.48px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">微信改版后</span></strong></span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;min-height: 17px;line-height: 27.2px;widows: 1;text-align: center;letter-spacing: 0.48px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">好多人说不能很方便找到我了</span></strong></span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;min-height: 17px;line-height: 27.2px;widows: 1;text-align: center;letter-spacing: 0.48px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">其实把咱们</span></strong></span><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(217, 33, 66);"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“城</span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">市规划”置顶</span></strong></span><span style="max-width: 100%;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">就可以啦</span></strong></span></span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 15px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;min-height: 17px;line-height: 27.2px;widows: 1;text-align: center;letter-spacing: 0.48px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">只需要</span></strong></span><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(217, 33, 66);"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">5秒钟哟~</span></strong></span></span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img class="__bg_gif" data-copyright="0" data-ratio="0.9203125" data-type="gif" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/SdNVtxmtcRiarCYiclbibw0tx4nuld0vwU9ScXl6gq8Bpbh8o8yZlxbo8y8jBcCBC74ubpiaHy1ic6k3wcqJbCFBWBA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: 640px !important;"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-bottom: -1px;padding-right: 12px;padding-left: 12px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(192, 21, 21);border-top-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-right-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-left-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);height: 0px;line-height: 0;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;float: left;width: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 4px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;width: 0px;border-width: 4px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(192, 21, 21) transparent transparent rgb(192, 21, 21);height: 0px;line-height: 0;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(192, 21, 21);width: 16px;transform: rotate(-45deg);transform-origin: left top;border-top-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-right-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-left-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);height: 0px;line-height: 0;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;float: right;width: 16px;text-align: right;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 4px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;width: 0px;border-width: 4px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(192, 21, 21) rgb(192, 21, 21) transparent transparent;height: 0px;line-height: 0;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(192, 21, 21);width: 16px;transform: rotate(45deg);transform-origin: right top;border-top-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-right-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-left-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);height: 0px;line-height: 0;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;clear: both;height: 0px;line-height: 0;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section><section style="padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-left: 1px solid rgb(192, 21, 21);border-right: 1px solid rgb(192, 21, 21);border-top-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-bottom-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: center;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 5px 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;font-size: 15px;text-align: left;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(171, 25, 66);"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">官方投稿网址</strong></span>：http://www.planning.com.cn</span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 5px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;text-align: left;min-height: 1em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(171, 25, 66);"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">微博</span></strong></span>：http://weibo.com/cityplanningreview</span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 5px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;text-align: left;min-height: 1em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(171, 25, 66);"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">微信号</span></strong></span>：</span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 5px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;text-align: left;min-height: 1em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(171, 25, 66);"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">电子期刊</span></strong></span>：App Store搜索“”(支持iPad下载)</span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 5px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;text-align: left;min-height: 1em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(171, 25, 66);"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">国内统一刊号</span></strong></span>：CN 11-2378/TU</span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 5px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;text-align: left;min-height: 1em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(171, 25, 66);"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">国际标准刊号</span></strong></span>：ISSN 1002-1329</span></section></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;float: left;width: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(192, 21, 21);width: 16px;transform: rotate(45deg);transform-origin: left bottom;border-top-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-right-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-left-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);height: 0px;line-height: 0;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section><section style="margin-top: 4px;margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;width: 0px;border-width: 4px;border-style: solid;border-color: transparent transparent rgb(192, 21, 21) rgb(192, 21, 21);height: 0px;line-height: 0;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;float: right;width: 16px;text-align: right;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(192, 21, 21);width: 16px;transform: rotate(-45deg);transform-origin: right bottom;border-top-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-right-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-left-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);height: 0px;line-height: 0;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section><section style="margin-top: 4px;margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;width: 0px;border-width: 4px;border-style: solid;border-color: transparent rgb(192, 21, 21) rgb(192, 21, 21) transparent;height: 0px;line-height: 0;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;clear: both;height: 0px;line-height: 0;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section><section style="margin-top: -1px;padding-right: 12px;padding-left: 12px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 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