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<section style="margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;"><br  /></section><section style="max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-top: -1em;padding: 20px 10px 10px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(192, 200, 209);background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="line-height: 1.75em;text-indent: 0em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;"><strong style="letter-spacing: 0.544px;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">曲   冰</span></strong><span style="letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 14px;">，男，东南大学建筑学院博士研究生。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;text-indent: 0em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;">冷嘉伟</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;">，男，东南大学建筑学院教授，博士生导师，中国建筑学会立体城市与复合建筑专业委员会副主任委员、中国建筑学会地下空间学</span><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;">术委员会副理事长。</span><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;">本文通信作者。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;text-indent: 0em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;"><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;">* 国家自然科学基金资助项目（51778126）。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;text-indent: 0em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;"><strong style="letter-spacing: 0.544px;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">原文刊载于《》杂志2020年第5期P44-P53</span></strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section><br  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;"><section style="margin: 20px 0% 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 243, 224);border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(238, 173, 114);box-shadow: rgb(238, 173, 114) 0px 0px 6px inset;padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 12%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: -30px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;color: rgb(238, 173, 114);font-size: 60px;line-height: 1;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">1</strong></em></span></p></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 88%;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 5px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(28, 28, 28);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong><span style="font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box;">研究背景</span></strong><span style="font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 20px 8px 10px;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">立体形态设计与管控是城市设计绕不开的话题。城市设计过程中，在强度、密度、高度3个主要因素的相互制约与影响下，街区立体形态往往存在多种可行性方案，而当一系列街区组成一个完整区域时，城市立体形态的呈现将更加复杂多样。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">当前，对城市立体形态的判断、修正与引导主要依赖于人视角或者俯瞰视角的视觉感知和审美取向。然而，视觉感知的不确定性因素使其在描述和控制城市立体形态时往往存在一定偏差，尤其在开发强度较高的城市中心区域。因此，笔者尝试通过探索城市垂直空间密度，对城市中心区立体形态特征进行描述和分析，为“存量”时代的城市立体形态发展提供一点启发和建议。</span></section><section><br  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;"><section style="margin: 20px 0% 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 243, 224);border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(238, 173, 114);box-shadow: rgb(238, 173, 114) 0px 0px 6px inset;padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 12%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: -30px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;color: rgb(238, 173, 114);font-size: 60px;line-height: 1;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">2</em></strong><strong><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"></em></strong></span></p></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 88%;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 5px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(28, 28, 28);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong><span style="font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box;">研究要点</span></strong><span style="font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 20px 8px 10px;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">本文提出了基于垂直空间密度的城市立体形态解析思路与方法，并对城市中心区立体形态展开初步研究，主要探讨了如下3个问题：</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">（1）为什么从垂直空间密度视角描述和解析城市立体形态，以及如何计算垂直空间密度？</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">（2）城市垂直空间密度包含哪些特征，透过这些特征，可以发现不同城市中心区立体形态存在哪些共性和差异？</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">（3）不同城市中心区的垂直空间密度之间存在何种特征规律，如何将这些特征规律运用到立体形态引导和管控之中？</span></section><section><br  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;"><section style="margin: 20px 0% 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 243, 224);border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(238, 173, 114);box-shadow: rgb(238, 173, 114) 0px 0px 6px inset;padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 12%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: -30px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;color: rgb(238, 173, 114);font-size: 60px;line-height: 1;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">3</em></strong><strong><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"></em></strong></span></p></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 88%;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 5px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(28, 28, 28);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong><span style="font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box;">内容概要与结论</span></strong><span style="font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 20px 8px 10px;line-height: 2em;text-indent: 0em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">（1）城市垂直空间密度的定义</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 25px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">如将城市立体空间逐层切分可以发现，城市立体形态能够被转化为大量街区水平剖切面的竖向堆叠，且切分单位越小对城市立体形态的概括越完整细致（图1）。因此，城市立体形态可视作为对不同高度层面上建筑空间轮廓的综合性表达，其复杂性源于不同高度层面上的建筑轮廓特征差异与建筑密度差异。</span></section><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.228125" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRgNic53khDCeoODyScp8x7BH5SI9VL25WsGSl7iaDDYU2pZiagdVEqMBgFRehVoqP5ricXibm3jNbCicmoA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style=""  /><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图1</span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">｜城市立体形态水平剖切面</span></strong></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 25px 8px 10px;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">援引森林遥感研究中对森林立体形态的分析方法，笔者提出了垂直空间密度概念。通过Grasshopper编辑数据获取程序，对不同高度水平剖面上的城市开发密度进行连续性统计（图2），从而将高度和开发强度两个决定城市立体形态的核心要素进行关联，对城市立体形态进行描述。</span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.6390625" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRgNic53khDCeoODyScp8x7BHSIVAFkp2CF8uSNY6rrKU0uyMCBvmCY1eXWJMprYtasDFeeKibDgvQyA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style=""  /><span style="text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图2</span></strong><strong style="text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">｜城市垂直空间密度特征</span></strong></p><p style="margin: 25px 8px 10px;line-height: 2em;text-indent: 0em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">（2）垂直空间密度解析——随高度衰减特征</span></p><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">基于垂直空间密度计算与统计，本文提出了两个维度的相关特征：随高度衰减特征和随高度集约特征。为进一步对这两个维度特征进行解析，笔者暂且选取了12个具有较高认知度的城市中心区（图3）以及南京新街口地区的立体形态模型作为研究样本。</span></section><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.6484375" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRgNic53khDCeoODyScp8x7BHaOotDqdFqV10zBPKjCmfh3pn0OAy4etq8axGmEQPkFG0okLdftqXZg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style=""  /><span style="text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图3</span></strong><strong style="text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">｜城市案例三维模型</span></strong></p><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 25px 8px 20px;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">在对随高度衰减特征的研究中发现，13个城市中心区的垂直空间密度具有显著相似性——均可以通过指数函数曲线进行概括。除了上海浦东陆家嘴之外，其余城市案例的拟合度均在90%以上（图4）。而进一步将13个城市的衰减曲线进行对比可清晰发现，我国两个城市案例与西方发达国家城市案例在立体形态上存在显著差异（图5）。虽然在土地制度上存在一定差异，但西方发达国家城市在衰减曲线上所展现出的共性特征依然对我国未来城市立体形态发展具有一定的借鉴和启发意义。特别是对于城市中心区而言，在提高空间开发效率的同时，需要更加注重协调区域范围内不同高度上开发效率之间的层级关系，对多层、中高层、高层以及超高层建筑进行更加理性地配比。基于以上城市中心区研究样本，文中进一步建立了3个层级的目标衰减曲线，拟合度均高达99%左右（图6）。</span></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 15px;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.52421875" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRgNic53khDCeoODyScp8x7BHQiaiaqiaP0UOq2xuzYlVUl1YqlLM62yNyiceCtNB2n34dcHq7L58y833Xg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style=""  /><span style="text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图4</span></strong><strong style="text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">｜三种拟合曲线的</span></strong><strong style="text-align: justify;"><span style="letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;">R</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12px;"><strong style="text-align: justify;"><sup><span style="letter-spacing: 1px;vertical-align: super;">2</span></sup></strong></span><strong style="text-indent: 0em;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">值对比</span></strong></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 15px;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.61015625" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRgNic53khDCeoODyScp8x7BHxwb8wIibon9eyxoyiabDBvVsbr9YtfONfsZWHB0vfLbnzz1fqXuJ9Rnw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style=""  /><span style="text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图5</span></strong><strong style="text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">｜不同城市垂直空间密度指数拟合曲线对比</span></strong></section><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.46328125" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRgNic53khDCeoODyScp8x7BHtEo4KlQzbRgYJkbosghP3Q2WUFwSb9ejgwQ4R0icbostDchkIsyXPiag/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style=""  /><span style="text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图6</span></strong><strong style="text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">｜目标值指数拟合曲线</span></strong></p><p style="margin: 25px 8px 10px;line-height: 2em;text-indent: 0em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">（3）垂直空间密度解析——随高度集约特征</span></p><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">垂直空间密度的另一个显著特征是随着竖向高度的增加，进行空间开发利用的街区数量逐渐减少，且建筑空间也更集中于数量更少的街区中。对此，笔者将其定义为随高度集约特征，并进一步引申出两个描述指标：街区开发集约度（Block Development Intensity，BDI）和街区空间集约度（Block Spatial Intensity, BSI）。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">针对随高度集约特征的探讨，暂且以城市设计中的常用高度24m、60m、100m、150m、200m为例进行相应的指标计算。其中，BDI计算的是每个高度上进行空间开发利用的街区数量与街区总量的比值；BSI计算的则是在每个高度上，当累计开发面积超过该高度上开发总面积的30%、50%、80%时，所对应的街区数量与该高度上进行空间开发利用的街区总量的比值。</span></section><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">在BDI计算中，基于城市样本的统计计算，提出了3个层级的BDI参考数值（表1）。而在BSI计算中发现，西方城市样本同样表现出非常相似的分布规律（图7），并以此为基础建立了相应的BSI参考值。最后，以南京新街口地区为例，通过以上目标衰减曲线，BDI参考值，BSI参考值，尝试对其立体形态发展进行初步推演（表2、图8）。</span></p><section style="text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 20px;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.34453125" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRgNic53khDCeoODyScp8x7BHsleZdH4gtKGIRnb4ZBo0BiatPJNjTLjD2GtS1PUDBNqt41Hpa5Uibtcw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style=""  /><span style="text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 表1</span></strong><strong style="text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">｜BDI参考值统计</span></strong></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 20px;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.9390625" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRgNic53khDCeoODyScp8x7BH23rjxntgSwomoZtuRhNVXDpDlMytSDLTicS0Nvz8VF7XjSNBWnSX2hw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style=""  /><span style="text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图7</span></strong><strong style="text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">｜BSI参考值统计</span></strong></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 20px;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.6525945470536499" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRgNic53khDCeoODyScp8x7BHegicwCl3CQcme7ZNtvyYdFamIFQA8hM2SKoKwZVtSvmsb2gu3jTs50Q/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1137" style=""  /><span style="text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 表2</span></strong><strong style="text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">｜形态指标推算</span></strong></section><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.663844199830652" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRgNic53khDCeoODyScp8x7BHJ9nJQLiacj3jcs3PiagpqUIiaVZCv3q8iaBTibtUjsJ8jNIYFQTQY2EcMFQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1181" style=""  /><span style="text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图8</span></strong><strong style="text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">｜南京新街口空间形态推演</span></strong></p><p><br  /></p><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;"><section style="margin: 20px 0% 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 243, 224);border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(238, 173, 114);box-shadow: rgb(238, 173, 114) 0px 0px 6px inset;padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 12%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: -30px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;color: rgb(238, 173, 114);font-size: 60px;line-height: 1;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">4</em></strong></span></p></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 88%;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 5px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(28, 28, 28);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong><span style="font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box;">应用价值与学术意义</span></strong><span style="font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 20px 8px 10px;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">2020年初，住房和城乡建设部、国家发展改革委联合发出“关于进一步加强城市与建筑风貌管理的通知”，通知中特别提出对未来城市高层建筑的严格管控，这将对我国未来城市立体形态的发展产生重要影响。通过对垂直空间密度的研究发现，该视角不仅可以为解析城市立体形态提供新思路，同时也对未来城市更新，以及城市中心区高层建筑分布与管控具有一定应用价值。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">作为一项基础性研究，本文仅就垂直空间密度的概念与相关特征规律进行了初步探索，未来可在此基础上进一步融入更多的城市形态构成要素，为城市形态认知与分析提供丰富的研究视角。首先，垂直空间密度兼顾了高度和强度这两个立体形态构成的关键要素，进而能够从立体视角对当前城市街区形态的引导和管控进行补充。其次，城市立体空间形态发展与引导的前提是诸多城市功能要素的科学配置，以及城市文化等内在因素的隐形嵌入。因此，在垂直空间密度研究的基础上，对城市立体形态与功能要素配置、城市地域文化、城市发展历史等内容进行关联性研究，将有助于进一步分析和理解城市平面肌理与立体形态形成的内在机制，进而更合理地谋划城市形态引导策略。第三，与城市一般区域相比，城市中心区的垂直空间密度往往具有一定显著性，可进一步将垂直空间密度延伸到城市中心区体系的研究中，通过微观视角下的空间密度与功能配置量化研究，加强对城市整体形态及其独特性的把握。最后，因城市立体空间形态对城市风环境、城市热岛效应等物理性能具有一定影响作用，故结合垂直空间密度可进行城市物理环境优化的探索。</span></p><p style="margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;text-indent: 0em;text-align: right;margin-bottom: 15px;"><em><span style="font-size: 16px;">撰稿：曲  冰，冷嘉伟</span></em></p><hr style="max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-style: solid;border-right-width: 0px;border-bottom-width: 0px;border-left-width: 0px;border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);transform-origin: 0px 0px;transform: scale(1, 0.5);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /><p style="margin: 5px 8px;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(217, 33, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">欢迎在朋友圈转发，转载请在后台留言</span></strong></span></p><hr style="max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-style: solid;border-right-width: 0px;border-bottom-width: 0px;border-left-width: 0px;border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);transform-origin: 0px 0px;transform: scale(1, 0.5);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /><section style="max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-top: 15px;margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;min-height: 17px;line-height: 27.2px;widows: 1;text-align: center;letter-spacing: 0.48px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">微信改版后</span></strong></span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;min-height: 17px;line-height: 27.2px;widows: 1;text-align: center;letter-spacing: 0.48px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">好多人说不能很方便找到我了</span></strong></span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;min-height: 17px;line-height: 27.2px;widows: 1;text-align: center;letter-spacing: 0.48px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">其实把咱们</span></strong></span><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(217, 33, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“城</span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">市规划”置顶</span></strong></span><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">就可以啦</span></strong></span></span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 15px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;min-height: 17px;line-height: 27.2px;widows: 1;text-align: center;letter-spacing: 0.48px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">只需要</span></strong></span><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(217, 33, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">5秒钟哟~</span></strong></span></span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img class="__bg_gif" data-copyright="0" data-ratio="0.9203125" data-type="gif" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/SdNVtxmtcRiarCYiclbibw0tx4nuld0vwU9ScXl6gq8Bpbh8o8yZlxbo8y8jBcCBC74ubpiaHy1ic6k3wcqJbCFBWBA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: 640px !important;"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-bottom: -1px;padding-right: 12px;padding-left: 12px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(192, 21, 21);border-top-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-right-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-left-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);height: 0px;line-height: 0;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;float: left;width: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 4px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;width: 0px;border-width: 4px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(192, 21, 21) transparent transparent rgb(192, 21, 21);height: 0px;line-height: 0;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(192, 21, 21);width: 16px;transform: rotate(-45deg);transform-origin: left top;border-top-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-right-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-left-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);height: 0px;line-height: 0;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;float: right;width: 16px;text-align: right;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 4px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;width: 0px;border-width: 4px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(192, 21, 21) rgb(192, 21, 21) transparent transparent;height: 0px;line-height: 0;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(192, 21, 21);width: 16px;transform: rotate(45deg);transform-origin: right top;border-top-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-right-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-left-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);height: 0px;line-height: 0;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;clear: both;height: 0px;line-height: 0;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section><section style="padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-left: 1px solid rgb(192, 21, 21);border-right: 1px solid rgb(192, 21, 21);border-top-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-bottom-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: center;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 5px 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;font-size: 15px;text-align: left;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(171, 25, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">官方投稿网址</strong></span>：http://www.planning.com.cn</span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 5px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;text-align: left;min-height: 1em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(171, 25, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">微博</span></strong></span>：http://weibo.com/cityplanningreview</span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 5px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;text-align: left;min-height: 1em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(171, 25, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">微信号</span></strong></span>：</span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 5px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;text-align: left;min-height: 1em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(171, 25, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">电子期刊</span></strong></span>：App Store搜索“”(支持iPad下载)</span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 5px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;text-align: left;min-height: 1em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(171, 25, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">国内统一刊号</span></strong></span>：CN 11-2378/TU</span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 5px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;text-align: left;min-height: 1em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(171, 25, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">国际标准刊号</span></strong></span>：ISSN 1002-1329</span></section></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;float: left;width: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(192, 21, 21);width: 16px;transform: rotate(45deg);transform-origin: left bottom;border-top-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-right-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-left-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);height: 0px;line-height: 0;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section><section style="margin-top: 4px;margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;width: 0px;border-width: 4px;border-style: solid;border-color: transparent transparent rgb(192, 21, 21) rgb(192, 21, 21);height: 0px;line-height: 0;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;float: right;width: 16px;text-align: right;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(192, 21, 21);width: 16px;transform: rotate(-45deg);transform-origin: right bottom;border-top-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-right-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-left-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);height: 0px;line-height: 0;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section><section style="margin-top: 4px;margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;width: 0px;border-width: 4px;border-style: solid;border-color: transparent rgb(192, 21, 21) rgb(192, 21, 21) transparent;height: 0px;line-height: 0;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;clear: both;height: 0px;line-height: 0;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section><section style="margin-top: -1px;padding-right: 12px;padding-left: 12px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(192, 21, 21);border-top-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-right-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-left-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);height: 0px;line-height: 0;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img data-copyright="0" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="558" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="275" data-ratio="0.5255731922398589" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="567" 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