国匠城工作台

当前：新闻编辑 | 格式化工具 | 查看本文

标题

分类

（编号：1116）

链接

作者

时间

政策

省

市

年

月

直播

主办：
协办：
时间：
会议室：
直播链接：

/h1

/h2

strong

/strong

<br />

<section style="display: none;" data-tools="gulangu" data-label="powered by gulangu"><br  /></section><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="1873" style="max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img data-ratio="1" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/yqVAqoZvDibEaicDyIvX7dLE9icYnwb2tlOWcD2BP99V6iaCfkk81RZlQARicbNr7amQ7a0Lc3tFgpNJNEVaY188ZVQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="30" style="margin: 3px 10px;border-width: 0px;border-style: initial;border-color: rgb(147, 196, 125);float: left;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: 2em !important;"><section style="margin-right: auto;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: auto;max-width: 100%;border-radius: 2em;height: 2.5em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;background-color: rgb(147, 196, 125);line-height: 2em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-brushtype="text" style="max-width: 100%;color: inherit;display: inline-block;letter-spacing: 1.5px;line-height: 1.75em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">关注“<strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></strong>”，更多精彩等着你</span></section></section></section><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: right;line-height: 1.5em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: right;line-height: 1.5em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">来源 | 广东省城乡规划设计研究院</span></strong></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: right;line-height: 1.5em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">撰稿 | 建筑设计院  何熹<br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  />审核 <span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">|</span></strong></span> 建筑设计院  杨剑维<br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></span></strong></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: right;line-height: 1.5em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">编辑 | 总工程师室  蔡焕仪</span></strong></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: right;line-height: 1.5em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br  /></span></strong></span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages js_insertlocalimg" data-ratio="0.5524553571428571" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98FTLgDFicNG25o7T65MNQXXUibZsIImxr3PM1ISv19hIswgvc5mjULWKw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="896" style=""></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">全文共<strong>4318</strong></span><span style="max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">字，阅读大约需要<strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">13</strong></span><span style="max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">分钟</span></p><hr style="max-width: 100%;border-style: solid;border-right-width: 0px;border-bottom-width: 0px;border-left-width: 0px;border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);transform-origin: 0px 0px;transform: scale(1, 0.5);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;"><section style="text-align: left;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 30px;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding-right: 5px;padding-left: 50px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% -55px;transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: 80px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;padding-left: 11px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98MfS4HJgWomshjhcoKr0WvicwcVMDFWyDoezDLHkbW0xAk3h0SgGomzw/640?wx_fmt=gif");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 25px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding-top: 3px;padding-bottom: 3px;border-width: 1px 1px 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none dashed;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(55, 80, 114);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;">前 言</span></strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">1.1 山地建筑定义</strong></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">何为山地建筑，从建筑学的角度：山地建筑是建于地面不同地形坡度的建筑物。从结构的角度：山地建筑是底部竖向构件的约束部位不在同一水平面上且不能简化为同一水平面时的结构。</span></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6655462" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98suxMy0IyVLiaDIW0ribW7zR8Cmqkx8f8GP4guUhdllgRj1WC7n6maA8Q/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="595" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">图1 古代山地建筑——中国西藏布达拉宫</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6709062" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98Yn9NO68pDC1xFELKYFNHNqgvW4UqRFO70rLGnCgPuO89Op7T27WsTw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="629" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">图2 现代山地建筑——重庆山地建筑群</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">1.2 我国山地现状</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.7504521" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs9876icgrugicvcEFVdAvcWeATa4gga4icE21bAISL76NjFnvP94ncosdGKA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="553" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">图3 中国山地分布</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(123, 12, 0);"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">我国是一个多山国家，山地占了国土总面积的 65%左右。</span></strong></span><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">开发山地，利用山地，将是必然之举。其次，地少，我国可建设的平地资源稀少，耕地面积匮乏；同时大量优质耕地被城市扩张及其市政等基础设施所代替。在这一矛盾下，人们已经把目光转向山地资源，越来越多的城市、建筑群体已不可回避山地。</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><br  /></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">因此，在山地上进行建筑设计，成为了节约用地、拓展土地资源的一个重要方法。伴随着我国的城市化建设进程，山地建筑的建设将会成为不可或缺的一个重要项目类型。因此，探讨山地建筑设计有着十分重要的现实意义。本文将从规划、建筑、结构三个方面对山地建筑设计的要点进行一个梳理。</span></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: left;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 30px;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding-right: 5px;padding-left: 50px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% -55px;transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: 80px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;padding-left: 11px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98MfS4HJgWomshjhcoKr0WvicwcVMDFWyDoezDLHkbW0xAk3h0SgGomzw/640?wx_fmt=gif");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 25px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">二</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding-top: 3px;padding-bottom: 3px;border-width: 1px 1px 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none dashed;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(55, 80, 114);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;">山地建筑规划选址要点</span></strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">2.1 地质</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(123, 12, 0);"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">在山地建筑选址中，山地的安全性是最根本也是最重要的考虑因素。</span></strong></span><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">首先应确保基地的地质状况良好，地质承载力适宜，周边无潜在地质灾害侵袭，以保证其安全性。</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></span></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">在选址之初，我们应通过实地观测、勘探或根据现有勘测图纸资料，依靠地质学、结构工程的专业人员，综合分析其土壤、地质条件、水环境与通达条件，避开地质断层和各种地质灾害易发地带，并相应选择合适坡度坡向的地形，确保山地建筑的安全性与山地地形的可建性，规避潜在的自然灾害——例如山洪、滑坡、崩塌、泥石流。</span></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6641221" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98n9Ab1Y13Rk7m5VkoeWHgv6TxicEJn0y8LOUOiaZAcPXsKg4reJeZm5Qw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="524" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">图4 地质灾害</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">2.2 地形</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);">不同坡度的地形的可建性与建设成本都不同。</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">山地坡度越大，建筑的接地处理难度越高，设计与施工的难度也越大，对地形的破坏也较为严重，建设成本大。因此需综合考虑地形因素，确定合适的建筑选址与建设项目的类型。</span></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6111975" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98kwPglRMYmf8ia8M9utGlUFKoFjX5Ge7QABHq2f1V79Q2yhwMPEvPBfA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="643" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">图5 坡度与建筑场地布置及设计基本特征</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">2.3 日照</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">对于我国的大部分区域，南向的坡地在冬季可以得到比平地更多的太阳辐射，而夏季却比平地获得少。</span><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);">因此，从太阳辐射来讲，山地南坡夏凉冬暖，甚至比平地更适合人类居住。</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">在大部分区域在山地选址中，全日向坡为最佳选址，即南坡、东南坡或西南坡；半日向坡次之，即东坡、西坡；尽量避免选择北坡。</span></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.5703125" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98GU2Ry3tfQ9gjEVLgdsVUX9mSxZZ1MtZrKWhZnyYDWQ1Z2QCdGe0hvA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="640" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">图6 坡地日照特征</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2.4 风</strong></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">在山地中，不同的山形位置具有不同的风速。在建筑选址中，我们应该尽量选择有利的通风位置，将建筑布置于山坡夏季主导风向的迎风面，即东南坡、南坡与西南坡，利于建筑的通风散热。同时，在选址中应仔细勘测主导风上风处是否有空气污染源存在。</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><br  /></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);">同时，还应充分考虑利用有利的地形风，</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">如山谷风，山阴风、庭院风等，在选址中充分考虑湖面，庭院，山谷，山坡对于风的影响，利用其特殊的地形条件进行合理的建筑布局获取水陆风、山谷风消暑降温；促进建筑的自然通风，创造适宜的局部小气候。</span></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6028369" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98I6DaviaEFE8vAdgetuiapziaicalng3tG0T2DPfBce7zFbXbTDmrVn449g/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="564" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">图6 坡地风力特征</p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">2.5 降水量</span></strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><br  /></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);">受降水量的影响，南坡或迎风坡的空气，土壤与植被均较好，是坡地建筑选址的好地点。</span></strong></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">过大的降水量亦影响建筑的选址结果。</span><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);"><strong>地形雨在一般在山体的迎风坡且位置较为固定，在选址时需进行深入的实地考察，</strong></span><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">特别是在最大降水高度处附近，以免过多的降水量造成住区常年湿度过大，出行不便等影响，甚至造成泥石流等地质灾害。</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><br  /></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">2.6 景观</span></strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><br  /></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">当地块周围有重要的景观点时，建筑的选址往往会把他作为重要的考虑因素，比如奇山，异水，比如海景。风水理论中的“望山”、“案山”可以认为是对景的具体表现形式。</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><br  /></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">2.7 小结</span></strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><br  /></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(123, 12, 0);"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">综上所述，“趋</span></strong></span><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);"><strong>利避害，争取最佳”是山地建筑规划选址的原则。</strong></span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><br  /></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">山地建筑有着比平地建筑更为复杂的基地条件和周边状况，规划选址需要把握全局，综合考虑权衡地质、地形、日照、温度和湿度、风向和风速、降水等因素，充分考虑山体、森林、河流、水体等引起的微气候变化特征，尽量争取最有利的建筑基址。</span></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: left;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 30px;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding-right: 5px;padding-left: 50px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% -55px;transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: 80px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;padding-left: 11px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98MfS4HJgWomshjhcoKr0WvicwcVMDFWyDoezDLHkbW0xAk3h0SgGomzw/640?wx_fmt=gif");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 25px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">三</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding-top: 3px;padding-bottom: 3px;border-width: 1px 1px 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none dashed;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(55, 80, 114);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;">山地建筑形态设计要点</span></strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);">山地建筑的形态特征,取决于山地建筑所赖以生存的山地环境。</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);">山地的坡度、山位、起势、自然肌理等是构成山体形态的主要因素。</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">它们对山地建筑的接地形式、形体表现和空间形态的作用各不相同。为了保护地貌,尽量保持地表的原有地形和植被,提倡建筑采取“减少接地”的接地形式。为了合理利用地形高差和山位,提倡建筑运用“不定基面”的原理,以形成有山地特色的空间定位形式。为了形成与山体形态的协调,提倡建筑要与环境“共融”,是建筑形体的塑造与山体地段环境相适应。</span></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.7013487" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98eHlNpic4E2iaVRCWT9c4L6U4COcgLATblorkgrZVv8aRzOa7ic82uTCbg/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="519" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">图7.山地民宿设计</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(123, 12, 0);"><strong><span style="color: rgb(123, 12, 0);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">按照地形和山地建筑之间的关系，可以归纳为3种类型——地形适应建筑，建筑适应地形，建筑和地形互相适应。</span></strong></span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><br  /></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">3.1 地形适应建筑形式</span></strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><br  /></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(123, 12, 0);"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">在建筑设计之前，有意识对地形改造来获得水平的场地基面，满足建筑水平界面的放置，这是最常见和最基本的“筑填”策略。</span></strong></span><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">在山地建筑组合中，利用高差分层筑台是也常见的方式，可以避免对地形进行过度改造，而且能创造参差变化、高低错落的建筑群形态，形成山地建筑群体气势。</span></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.2428356" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98QC3I0ibciabxAqibm1wNnyI1bn65Yn01RibbFxMLo1Do51e9J6qZF0NVtQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="663" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">图8 地形适应建筑形式</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">3.2 建筑适应地形</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">出于生态和经济目的，对地形基本不作改造，而是通过建筑水平及竖向界面的变化适应地形。“挑悬”、“架跨”、“附崖”等策略属于此种类型。</span></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.2353801" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98lzXS9PZKJtA6iaRGHRkiclVaIlEPdfujKZGV6dQgDzroutic4bGWsdx9A/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="684" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.5035294" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98xtq23ibsY8zJNSjQnDMPUvXP3p5tnHhGnNRJIe1qEy9Y4Nbkc8JVQlw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="425" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">图9 建筑适应地形型式</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">3.3 建筑和地形互相适应</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(123, 12, 0);"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">综合权衡利弊关系，建筑界面和地形均各自作出适当变化，互相适应</span></strong></span><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">。这种方式对自然地形和生态环境扰动较少，可以也使建筑造价较低，地形和建筑之间的相互关系更融合协调。“掉跌”、“入地”等策略都属于这种类型。</span></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.8812352" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98GS1c0Bibo7N2PE8grhh3xGV94j8bBr2rkwKWgFG22HLickWibicvgM6iaLw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="421" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.4885496" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98Uq5ica503aoLrElib4cheDNbaNk8N8oRMuM0lwdSD54zM3PcoOicb6WYg/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="524" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">图10 建筑和地形互相适应</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">3.4 小结</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">上述山地建筑接地策略的分类仅仅是为了方便理解，这并不意味着它们之间是孤立无关的。在实际应用时，建筑师面对千差万别的环境条件，必须全面综合地进行分析，选择最合理的策略组合运用。</span><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);"><strong>现代山地建筑接地设计除了应考虑到利用地形、自然采光、节约造价、创造丰富山地城市景观等目的外，在湿热地区还需考虑通风散热及微气候组织。</strong></span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><br  /></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">在现代山地建筑中，针对同样的地形条件，往往可以应用不同的接地设计，建筑师与结构师应该对不同接地设计的效果进行综合评估。</span></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6303419" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98kQE3ZOKCQgTdVWYNBs4IQmaNQfVsxNxia9hmS9K6ia5Ykrl4PSLuUibpw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="468" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.4067524" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98ia9RicYjvpkUia1pO8ibicCZ72GDhm7LYoSicscVCdGdyPriaFpCPCOQ4NvrQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="622" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">图11 接地方案评选案例</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: left;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 30px;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding-right: 5px;padding-left: 50px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% -55px;transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: 80px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;padding-left: 11px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98MfS4HJgWomshjhcoKr0WvicwcVMDFWyDoezDLHkbW0xAk3h0SgGomzw/640?wx_fmt=gif");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 25px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">四</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding-top: 3px;padding-bottom: 3px;border-width: 1px 1px 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none dashed;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 18px;color: rgb(55, 80, 114);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">山地建筑结构设计要点</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">4.1 场地</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">选择建筑场地时应尽量避开不稳定的边坡和陡坎；对于无法避免在陡坎附近建山地建筑，</span><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);"><strong>建议在设计时考虑局部场地的影响及陡坎边坡稳定问题。</strong></span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><br  /></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);">针对不同的地质状况与山地坡度，应采取不同的边坡加固方式。</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">对于较缓、地质状况良好的边坡以整治，调整坡度，修筑台阶，稍加削平挖除不利土石；对坡度较大、地质状况不稳定的边坡应修筑挡土墙，设置挡滑桩、护坡、护面墙等多种多种方式加以加固，对较陡的边坡，还可分别改造成几个高度较小的人工阶地。</span></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.2123656" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98DozKEaoiac5zq44sjiczof3LzWzz9jicMicNYAwyoCpeibKJlvoc9QPyic9w/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="744" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">图12 场地处理</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">4.2 建筑适应地形类型结构处理要点</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">吊脚结构不宜用于超高层建筑和竖向特别不规则的高层建筑。</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><br  /></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">其控制要点是保证吊脚的竖向构件不先于上部结构破坏。</span></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6324324" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs983qXSxViaJdAehqhLDITf0Yq2hj5WicZAcicbu7sONIUO6l2G9HiaXPIEWg/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="740" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">图13 吊脚竖向构件</p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);">吊脚结构对应工程措施：</span></strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">a、验证大震之下斜坡的稳定，确保嵌固端的有效性</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">b、底部结构构件不等高，具备不同标高的接地端。结构分析时，一般取平均高度作为该层高度。此时应按等效线刚度对竖向构件截面进行调整。</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">c、地震作用按1.1~1.6的放大系数。</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">d、吊脚竖向构件可按中震弹性，大震抗剪不屈服设计，且构件抗震性能不低于上部构件。</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">e、避免极短柱。</span></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">4.3 建筑和地形互相适应类型结构处理要点</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">掉层结构其控制要点是选取合适的计算分析模型与确定合适的抗震加强部位与加强措施。</span></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(123, 12, 0);"><strong><span style="color: rgb(123, 12, 0);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">掉层结构对应工程措施：</span></strong></span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">a、在结构分析计算中，较难实现多台阶地震动输入。在实际工程中，多采用设置主接地面的方式简化处理分析模型——简化为上接地端为主接地面和下接地端为主接地面两种类型。即将结构的大部分（一般保证楼层的抗侧力刚度占比80%以上）置于一个台阶，且保证高低阶挡土墙在大震作用下不破坏的要求。</span></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.323049" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98aE7rzRzefdBH7jicicZfSIho8iafSiaViaIz526drKJQA6NQiaDx2ibp7wfKg/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="551" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">图13 掉层结构接地面</p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">b、根据主接地面的不同，确定加强措施</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">①  上接地端为主接地面</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">不设置楼层错层，且满足规则平面的要求</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">下掉楼层的竖向构件抗震性能不低于上接地端的抗震性能</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">底部加强区高度按上接地端控制，并延伸至下接地端。</span></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">②  下接地端为主接地面</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">上接地层及相邻上一层楼盖均需加强</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">底部加强区高度仍宜按上接地端控制</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">与上层相应部分抗侧移刚度比不小于1.5。</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">需考虑上接地面竖向构件基础对下部结构的不利影响。</span></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">4.4 水土保持及防水</span></strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><br  /></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">在山地生态系统中，过量的山地径流是非常有害的。</span><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);"><strong>一方面</strong></span><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">会对地表产生冲蚀作用，破坏地表植被，引发山洪或泥石流；</span><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);"><strong>另一方面，</strong></span><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">它们会渗透进地下，使山体抗剪强度降低，引发滑坡或造成山体建筑地下室浮起。因此，要保持山体环境的水土平衡，我们应当合理组织排水系统，保持山体环境的稳定，从而增加山体建筑的安全性。</span></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(123, 12, 0);"><strong><span style="color: rgb(123, 12, 0);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">对于有地下室建筑，可采取地表硬化并截排水，地下疏水层自排水的方案，释放山地建筑地下室水浮力。</span></strong></span></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.5173454" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs983DV6K2oyMwVq6ibR68DlzcP3ycSNMdjIh5lT9rt96RuJPOXztj3ICww/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="663" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">图14 水土保持措施</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: left;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 30px;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding-right: 5px;padding-left: 50px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% -55px;transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: 80px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;padding-left: 11px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98MfS4HJgWomshjhcoKr0WvicwcVMDFWyDoezDLHkbW0xAk3h0SgGomzw/640?wx_fmt=gif");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 25px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">五</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding-top: 3px;padding-bottom: 3px;border-width: 1px 1px 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none dashed;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 18px;color: rgb(55, 80, 114);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">山地建筑设计实例</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;">河源源城区三角岭大会战纪念馆工程项目为一单层的纪念馆，环山体建设，建筑面积约1600平方。位于山体的半山坡位置，山体坡度约为25度~30度。纪念馆采用环形的建筑形式，环绕在纪念碑下，象征着革命烈士的生命之环--生命终而复始，英魂不朽。<span style="color: rgb(123, 12, 0);"><strong>环形的参观流线更简明生动，是展览建筑常用形式。</strong></span></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.5381471" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98M8okPxHAGeXVnLXHj3hu7Jd7Nq5bUSyHAXJRweFDkRGlqzrTaKowHg/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="734" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">图15 项目效果图</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6346667" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98F9EuSYrMic3TVXUBkaX6lyTia4LQg7tFMlS51ib3Jdic4rzydpPM53Uplg/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="750" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(160, 160, 160);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">图16 项目总图</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6411239" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98iaoVHlughiaEdY32iao1uzNQ6RHhic4hhvgiaa0ibtD8LMEp2vSIObQzs17A/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="783" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">图17 项目方案平面图</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">建筑整体位于同一个标高，因此并未采用错层等形式。根据对山体扰动最小的原则，以及山体走势，建筑局部埋入山体中，局部采用了吊脚的形式。</span></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3303704" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98Z5iamj5whqadnOMO3ZiaaEbVrzTW0DicyTBcCznSETvPf6hMTz9T2xhAw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="675" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">图18 建筑局部剖面图</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(123, 12, 0);"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">除了类似平地建筑一样在建筑范围内勘察，我们还提出对山体整体进行勘察，设置了多条勘测线，以保证场地的安全性。</span></strong></span><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">根据勘察的结果，拟建场地未见断层构造及活动断裂通过，场地位于风化残丘之上，自然坡体稳定，场地稳定性较好，适宜建筑。</span></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.5678074" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98WVeD6iaqTbahNtN26Zarwbhj8ouV5lwCLZkCv30ETgHRzs1J0dxl2RQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="789" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">图19 勘察布孔图</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">根据勘察提供的土层参数，我们运用MIDAS GTS软件进行建筑完成后的山体稳定的分析，得出在极端满水的情况下山体是稳定安全的结论。</span></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3748379" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98HWnMvS6mhdUcBk1LIz8Oa8ibt2xWLHLUszY6aetJTiaNpPmN9LhtnDicA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="771" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3665835" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98SfibVAvLUyslaoTvLkaECkoic93pSVXSiae7ESqTvI8RkoAetTexLsKZA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="802" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">图20 GTS软件分析</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">由于建筑美观的要求，不分开设置挡土墙，而采用由建筑物本身来抵抗土体的方案。山上土体对建筑物推力较大，而建筑本身较轻，很难用自重抵抗住，采用了钻孔灌注桩基础，由桩基来承担土体的水平推力，每根桩基的水平承载力需达50吨，并应通过现场水平载荷试验来验证。</span></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.915493" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98EFhlOVKlQic4W08bqZnmkrg0Pl5xhkmhicib8snmMb5MJptOKtJ7gmaSw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="284" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">图21 挡土墙大样</p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.1376623" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98hle6P4otB0RUE1fBcznU9FfSicrcW3Z36FFNapQdS7gSS3C31ibRib3DA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="385" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">图22 桩基础平面</p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">最后，在建筑墙后设置明沟排水，减少降水对山体稳定的影响。这就是源城区三角岭大会战纪念馆工程该山体建筑，我们采用的一些特有措施，目前该项目正在施工前期。</span></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.8972973" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98L0VMVmibpcFNgmHnZHiakiaspdS6vPWMibibLaY35XsEeRSYAdFgmn9OM5w/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="370" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">图23 散水及明沟大样</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: left;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 30px;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding-right: 5px;padding-left: 50px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% -55px;transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: 80px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;padding-left: 11px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs98MfS4HJgWomshjhcoKr0WvicwcVMDFWyDoezDLHkbW0xAk3h0SgGomzw/640?wx_fmt=gif");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 25px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">六</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding-top: 3px;padding-bottom: 3px;border-width: 1px 1px 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none dashed;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 18px;color: rgb(55, 80, 114);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">总 结</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);">山地建筑的规律和思路归结如下：</span></strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">a、山地建筑设计应在与当地环境协调，随坡塑形,不破坏生态环境,不随意改变原有山地环境的原则下进行。</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">b、规划：每一个山地建筑设计前期,设计者应充分了解当地的各种自然影响因素,归纳地质、地形、气候、水文、植被对山地建筑及其环境可能产生的影响,并具体分析山地日照、风、降水的基本特征,充分理解建筑地点的历史文化背景。</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">c、建筑：从形态设计的角度出发,结合山地环境的特殊性,采取相应的实体布局与处理,以使建筑的设计与所应达到的境界相符,把建筑与山林景观结合在一起,使其充满自然之趣。</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">d、结构：针对山地建筑场地和形态的特殊性和复杂性，发现和解决相对应的工程问题，确保建筑结构安全。</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><br  /></span></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">参考文献：</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">规范：</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">《山地建筑结构设计规程（征求意见稿）》</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">规划与建筑：</strong></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[1]岑柱康.浅析山地建筑与自然环境融合设计——以港珠澳大桥管理养护中心为例[J/OL].低碳世界,2019(07)[2020-01-13]</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[2]闫文卿. 山地建筑地景化设计研究初探[D].华南理工大学,2011.</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[3]李林. 山地建筑设计的规律及思路研究[D].四川大学,2004.</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[4]戴志中.现代山地建筑接地诠释[J].城市建筑,2006(08):20-24.</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[5]张奇莺. 珠三角地区山地住区设计研究[D].华南理工大学,2010.</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">结构：</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[6]王丽萍,李英民,郑妮娜,刘立平,韩军,刘建伟.5·12汶川地震典型山地建筑结构房屋震害调查[J].西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版),2009,41(06):822-826.</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[7]宋兵.山地建筑结构设计的相关问题探讨[J].四川建材,2017,43(09):97-98.</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[8]吴帅,谭方.山地建筑结构设计探讨[J].建筑结构,2013,43(11):38-41.</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="white-space: normal;font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="line-height: 2;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: center;"><strong>-END-</strong><br  /></p></section></section><p style="white-space: normal;font-size: 16px;text-align: center;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;font-size: 16px;text-align: center;"><br  /></p><section style="white-space: normal;font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding-top: 0.65em;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 578px;height: 1px;background-color: rgb(72, 72, 72);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="margin-top: -0.65em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding-top: 1px;padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;height: 1.3em;line-height: 1.3em;border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-left-width: 3px;border-left-style: solid;border-right-width: 3px;border-right-style: solid;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">近期阅读推荐</strong></p></section></section></section></section><p style="white-space: normal;font-size: 16px;">                                                           </p><section style="white-space: normal;font-size: 16px;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 549.094px;vertical-align: top;box-shadow: rgb(189, 189, 189) 0px 0px 4px;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 5px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: center;"><a target="_blank" href="http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzU2MzAwODQ4Nw==&mid=2247493019&idx=1&sn=e46375437423a987289fa039d740900d&chksm=fc626313cb15ea05071a4eeb7f301ebe235f256d110a36be522bdea6df14f93a8a64b47dfa28&scene=21#wechat_redirect" textvalue="你已选中了添加链接的内容" data-itemshowtype="0" tab="innerlink" data-linktype="1"><span class="js_jump_icon h5_image_link" data-positionback="static" style="top: auto;left: auto;margin: 0px;right: auto;bottom: auto;"><img class="rich_pages js_insertlocalimg" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="549" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="250" data-ratio="0.45527156549520764" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohYOgeGibUDjuK5uymWldGs986fvxOsFYGGhaEua6uHrojHydELx6CDEcAHQkHicbsWYuXFyKnfXy9XA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="626" style="width: 549px;height: 250px;margin: 0px;"></span></a></p><section style="box-sizing: border-box;line-height: normal;"><section style="padding: 20px 10px;display: inline-block;width: 549.094px;vertical-align: top;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><h2>点击图片阅读全文                    </h2></section></section><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="white-space: normal;font-size: 16px;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 549.094px;vertical-align: top;box-shadow: rgb(189, 189, 189) 0px 0px 4px;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 5px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><a target="_blank" href="http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzU2MzAwODQ4Nw==&mid=2247492841&idx=1&sn=b7fd952268e781a169495a00eff0733f&chksm=fc626261cb15eb7717f0e895f0d13108988274a70c94494f83dbad414332cb3aa5ceecbe5ab7&scene=21#wechat_redirect" textvalue="你已选中了添加链接的内容" data-itemshowtype="11" tab="innerlink" data-linktype="1"><span class="js_jump_icon h5_image_link" data-positionback="static" style="top: auto;left: auto;right: auto;bottom: auto;"><img data-cropselx1="1" data-cropselx2="550" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="250" data-ratio="0.4523809523809524" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohblCEZPgwhR4jXKzVOqXjT3vmV4nL1LhSWiaE9wrkLfy8MaI3XPGianUpapxcqSvRtRpOZEzDRWUVmw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="630" style="height: 250px;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;box-shadow: rgb(170, 170, 170) 0px 0px 14px 0px;width: 553px;top: auto;left: auto;right: auto;bottom: auto;visibility: visible !important;"></span></a></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;line-height: normal;"><section style="padding: 20px 10px;display: inline-block;width: 549.094px;vertical-align: top;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><h2>点击图片阅读全文               </h2></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="white-space: normal;font-size: 16px;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 549.094px;vertical-align: top;box-shadow: rgb(189, 189, 189) 0px 0px 4px;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 5px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><a target="_blank" href="http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzU2MzAwODQ4Nw==&mid=2247492831&idx=1&sn=fa217efa1b9e8fc876e8809161404c50&chksm=fc626257cb15eb416724bf83a11b8d87d2f310e76302dcb89496792a8816a0f284e03195aba6&scene=21#wechat_redirect" textvalue="你已选中了添加链接的内容" data-itemshowtype="11" tab="innerlink" data-linktype="1"><span class="js_jump_icon h5_image_link" data-positionback="static" style="top: auto;left: auto;right: auto;bottom: auto;"><img data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="549" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="247" data-ratio="0.45151033386327505" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohZ0TmyLjKxUzO3uXOBNvYKA7U1XUR29pcY35yJhicdBwbKvZbdmu5jBx2oTCN6y23jvQlQrIk4tWPA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="629" style="height: 248px;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;box-shadow: rgb(170, 170, 170) 0px 0px 14px 0px;width: 549px;top: auto;left: auto;right: auto;bottom: auto;visibility: visible !important;"></span></a></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;line-height: normal;"><section style="padding: 20px 10px;display: inline-block;width: 549.094px;vertical-align: top;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><h2>点击图片阅读全文                                     </h2></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="white-space: normal;font-size: 16px;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 549.094px;vertical-align: top;box-shadow: rgb(189, 189, 189) 0px 0px 4px;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 5px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><a target="_blank" href="http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzU2MzAwODQ4Nw==&mid=2247492827&idx=1&sn=9d334117db345ef71fcea2dd8abcf312&chksm=fc626253cb15eb4518780e6900382490b828d5ae5adb3c34b89f2d3ceb5249ca9e77a383d100&scene=21#wechat_redirect" textvalue="你已选中了添加链接的内容" data-itemshowtype="0" tab="innerlink" data-linktype="1"><span class="js_jump_icon h5_image_link" data-positionback="static" style="top: auto;left: auto;right: auto;bottom: auto;"><img data-cropselx1="1" data-cropselx2="550" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="250" data-ratio="0.44992050874403816" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohZJq4pJmQllBnI9GtTVGib65ItHWvWAyhtBuNdjuJr9Mic8NYghhBPquEAOFdMTgluLwDibf2tI66XGw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="629" style="height: 250px;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;box-shadow: rgb(170, 170, 170) 0px 0px 14px 0px;width: 556px;top: auto;left: auto;right: auto;bottom: auto;visibility: visible !important;"></span></a></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;line-height: normal;"><section style="padding: 20px 10px;display: inline-block;width: 549.094px;vertical-align: top;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><h2>点击图片阅读全文                               </h2></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="white-space: normal;font-size: 16px;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 549.094px;vertical-align: top;box-shadow: rgb(189, 189, 189) 0px 0px 4px;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 5px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><a target="_blank" href="http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzU2MzAwODQ4Nw==&mid=2247492805&idx=1&sn=49668f3d8a03a021b2740810e24e5f7e&chksm=fc62624dcb15eb5b54309d5f1a0cf4edf3e0b3f4e516855b506184b802d06c3ce04c54daf0f3&scene=21#wechat_redirect" textvalue="你已选中了添加链接的内容" data-itemshowtype="0" tab="innerlink" data-linktype="1"><span class="js_jump_icon h5_image_link" data-positionback="static" style="top: auto;left: auto;right: auto;bottom: auto;"><img data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="549" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="250" data-ratio="0.4546899841017488" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/JARNncAyohYYlohxQ2JZMLgGaEFve0ticQdiaFmo3QGwyMDD1SXYh633cmjVRYhkWZxjfxibObMj7GExgUk6ERAAg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="629" style="height: 250px;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;box-shadow: rgb(170, 170, 170) 0px 0px 14px 0px;width: 550px;visibility: visible !important;"></span></a></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;line-height: normal;"><section style="padding: 20px 10px;display: inline-block;width: 549.094px;vertical-align: top;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><h2>点击图片阅读全文                </h2></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="white-space: normal;font-size: 16px;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.5513029315960912" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohbQwnXqDEcwbbxibnew5X4vickfcFLERdNX3B3c2XpQ2H1JWPPvXePEpGicb1Oh7jnBXWpeiasImaoBEA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="1228" style="letter-spacing: 0.544px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-align: justify;visibility: visible !important;width: 677px !important;"></section></section><p><br  /></p>
				<br />