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<section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;overflow: hidden;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 4em;height: 4em;border-radius: 50%;background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: cover;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhbsUAKOpyf4bnsQdGGMYmlcaK9QWhicz8Ojv89aTcwToiaVOUSMzAccCYbo8QYte9zVOtHSibbkpc2Q/640?wx_fmt=png");overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 100%;overflow: hidden;line-height: 0;vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"> <img data-ratio="0.9409091" data-w="220" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhbsUAKOpyf4bnsQdGGMYmlcaK9QWhicz8Ojv89aTcwToiaVOUSMzAccCYbo8QYte9zVOtHSibbkpc2Q/640?wx_fmt=png" style="width: 100%;height: 100%;opacity: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="width: 100%;margin-left: 1.2em;margin-top: -1.2em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="float: left;white-space: nowrap;overflow: hidden;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;height: 2em;margin-left: 1em;border-bottom-left-radius: 1em;border-left: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);max-width: 85% !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-left: 1.5em;line-height: 1.5;padding-right: 0.5em;font-size: 11px;color: rgb(56, 30, 5);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">点击蓝字关注公众号</p></section></section><section style="float: left;width: 5%;margin-left: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 6px;height: 6px;margin-top: 1.82em;border-radius: 100%;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;padding: 3px 0px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(224, 224, 224);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(224, 224, 224);border-right-color: rgb(224, 224, 224);border-left-color: rgb(224, 224, 224);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 0px 5px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">【专题讨论20】</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">突发公共卫生事件下的城乡关系思考</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(218, 107, 107);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="color: rgb(56, 30, 5);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">作者湖南大学建筑学院城乡规划系副教授、博士生导师沈瑶，湖南大学建筑学院城乡规划系硕士研究生廖土杰，中机国际设计研究院有限责任公司王紫印在《规划师》2020年第6期撰文，2020 年春节前后的新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情引发了学界重新审视公共卫生危机下的城乡规划。文章聚焦对“城乡关系”的再思考，从应对公共卫生危机角度重新审视城乡关系，并从城市与乡村的互补性出发，研究城乡关系中的韧性关系链，探索此视角下城乡规划的新路径，为规划构建城乡互动型的公共健康体系提供理论基础。</p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;font-size: 13px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 100%;height: 5px;background: -webkit-linear-gradient(left, rgb(150, 46, 46), rgba(255, 247, 234, 0)) white;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[关键词]城市韧性；城乡关系；城市农业；乡村振兴</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[文章编号]1006-0022(2020)06-0040-04</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[中图分类号]TU984　</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[文献标识码]B</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[引文格式] 沈瑶，廖土杰，王紫印．突发公共卫生事件下的城乡关系思考[J]．规划师，2020(6)：40-43.</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.03125" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/EjiclXhR4KRG3Pgrqco29CCuM5DCswJwynlfUlqe0RQqUQibBPykbTtKSdg60umRTbeVOvv045icR6ByWkcFcxLOA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"> 对“城乡差异”和“城乡一体化”的反思</strong></p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）城市的“脆弱性”</p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">18 世纪英国的工业革命推动了城市化进程，人口<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">开始不断向城市大规模集聚。随着城市人口密度剧增、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市管理水平滞后，城市公共卫生、公众健康问题凸</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">显，并导致了传染性疾病的流行，如19 世纪三四十</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">年代蔓延于英国和欧洲大陆的霍乱，就是由贫民区和</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">工人住宅区的卫生问题所引发的，由此</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">也引起了人们对城市未来发展方向的讨</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">论，为现代城市规划的形成和发展奠定</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">了基础。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2019 年我国的城镇化率为60.6％，<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">标志着我国进入了快速城市化的后期阶</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">段，这也意味着超过60％的人口居住在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城镇地区。“脆弱性”的概念源于对自</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">然灾害和贫困的研究。传统的城市脆</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">弱性研究主要关注城市自然灾害脆弱性</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">和城市生态环境脆弱性等领域。然而，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市活动的高度聚集和空间失控成为城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市安全的隐患，当面临突发事件扰动时，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市表现出明显的脆弱性，它与城市遭</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">受突发事件扰动的敏感性和应对能力密</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">切关联。此次新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的重灾区基本都在大中城市，暴露出城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市系统面对突发公共卫生事件的脆弱性，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">对疫情的影响估计不足，即城市系统对</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">疫情的敏感性不足，导致了接下来的应</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">对反应滞后，最终被迫采取“封城”的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">措施，造成巨大的社会经济损失。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）乡村的“优越性”</p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">乡村与城市相比，具有人口密度低、<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">空间布局分散的特点；民房加庭院构成</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">了村民相对独立的居住生活单元，且房</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">屋多日照充足、通风良好，这些条件均</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">不利于传染性疾病的传播。在经济产业</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">上，城市以第二、三产业为主，这些产</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">业能吸收大量的劳动力，产出更高的经</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">济效益，这也是城市人口聚集和流动的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">根本原因；而乡村则以第一产业为主，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">且多以个体或合作社形式经营，产品基</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">本自给自足，对劳动力的需求小。农业</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">及农产品的供应关系到城市居民的日常</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">生活，在疫情防控中，城市的“封闭”</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">使得农产品出现短缺，这对城市来说无</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">疑是“致命一击”。产业优势使乡村在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">疫情灾害面前表现出了强大的韧性。在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">人群特征上，乡村青壮年劳动力流失严</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">重，常住人口多为老人、妇女和儿童，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">人员活动能力和流动性差；而城市每天</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">都充斥着物流、人流和信息流，它们是</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市赖以生存和发展的“血液”。在社</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">会治理上，城市社区作为社会治理的基</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">本单元，由于人口流动性高，造成人口</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">成分复杂，不易监管，而高密度的居住</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">形式也加大了排查的难度；而乡村一直</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">以来是我国的基层治理单元，其社会结</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">构基于血缘、亲情和地缘关系，形成</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">了一种“熟人”社会，人口成分简单，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">利于疫情的排查和防控。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（三）从城乡差异到城乡互补</p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市化的路径是通过“两个流动”<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">来促进“两个转化”：通过空间流动促</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">进乡村人口转化为城市人口，通过社会</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">流动促进边缘群体转化为中间者阶层，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">进而逐步建立以中产阶级为主体的现代</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">社会结构。“以城市为核心，以增长</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">为导向”的发展模式使大量乡村人口转</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">变为城市人口，城市规模出现无序扩张，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">同时产业空间分布不均加剧了城乡发展</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的不平衡，医疗卫生设施和公共卫生管</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">理体系建设滞后于城市化，导致了城市</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在面对疫情时抵抗力不足。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城乡一体化是城市化的重要特色，<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">也是城市化的终极目标，它是生产力发</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">展到一定水平时，城市和乡村成为一个</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">相互依存、相互促进的统一体，充分发</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">挥城市和乡村各自的优势与作用，城乡</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的劳动力、技术和资金资源等生产要素</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在一定范围内进行合理交流与组合。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市拥有庞大的中产阶级消费人群、高</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">速便捷的交通网络及优质的医疗教育资</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">源，乡村拥有宜人的居住空间、绿色健</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">康的农园、丰富的自然生态空间及具有</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">地域特色的乡土文化，由于城乡“二元”</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">结构的长期存在，城乡生产要素呈现由</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">乡到城的单向流动，城乡互补关系在一</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">定程度上出现“失灵”。因此，城乡规</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">划应发挥其作为公共政策的职能，将城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">乡差异转换为城乡互补，并充分利用城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">与乡的互补特征，形成公共健康和应急</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">管理的一体化，最终实现有高度韧性和</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">抗逆力的城乡一体化。</span></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.03125" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/EjiclXhR4KRG3Pgrqco29CCuM5DCswJwynlfUlqe0RQqUQibBPykbTtKSdg60umRTbeVOvv045icR6ByWkcFcxLOA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">二</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"></strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">城乡互补视角下的城乡韧性关系</strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">链规划</strong></p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">韧性的概念最早来源于工程学，是<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">指施加扰动后，一个系统恢复到平衡或</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">稳定状态的能力。城市韧性是指城市</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">系统和区域通过合理准备、缓冲及应对</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">不确定性扰动，实现公共安全、社会秩</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">序和经济建设等正常运行的能力，由基</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">础设施韧性、制度韧性、经济韧性及社</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">会韧性组成。本文从城乡互补关系出发，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">探索“日常—应急”双向转换功能的韧</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">性关系链，通过规划加强城乡功能混合，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">丰富城乡生态社会多样性，强化城乡物</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">质空间和人的连结性，以提高应对危机</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的适应性和灵活性。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）链条一：功能转换关系链</p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">随着确诊患者的不断增多，为解决<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">轻症患者的收治问题，武汉充分利用既</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">有建筑，将体育馆、国际会展中心等公</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">共设施临时转化为方舱医院。在日常，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市公共服务设施与居民生活密切相关，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">而在应急环境下，体育馆、学校等公共</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">服务设施可转化为临时应急空间。因此，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">可以对城市分级配置的公共服务设施赋</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">予“日常—应急”的双重属性，纳入城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市总体防灾减灾规划和应急管理体系，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">完善相关法规和技术标准予以保障，利</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">用大数据等智慧化技术，识别特定人群</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">公共服务薄弱地区，优化设施空间布局，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">从而实现智慧化管理和精准防控。对于</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">乡村地区，可以将学校、村委办公楼和</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">祠堂等用作临时应急空间，而保障对外</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">交通联系的畅通、高效和便捷是应急的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">关键。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">目前在城市规划中对疫情防控的空<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">间预留缺乏准备，如武汉“火神山”和“雷</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">神山”两所医院均属于临时选址，其建</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">设对周边环境和居民存在一定的影响。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">乡村的建设密度远低于城市，近郊区乡</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">村可在危机环境下向城市提供隔离空间，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">用于收治轻症患者。同时，城市可以提</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">供应急医疗技术人员和设备支援，在减</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">少城市居民交叉感染的同时兼顾乡村地</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">区的疫情防控。因此，城乡规划应优化</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城乡公共空间的功能和布局，预留应急</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">空间和建立健全城乡应急物资保障体系，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">通过网络和基础设施的互联互通构建城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">乡一体的应急公共服务体系。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）链条二：农业反哺关系链</p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">“农业—城市”系统(Agricultureurban <span style="box-sizing: border-box;">System) 旨在探讨农业、乡村及城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市之间的相互关系，研究融入农业的城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市发展对城市化的影响。在城市环境</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">恶化、食品安全危机频发及土地资源</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">短缺的情况下，城市农业被认为是一</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">种有效促进城市可持续发展的新型农业</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">形态。其不仅包括社区支持农业模式</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">(CSA)，还包含共同耕作模式；可以是</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">公共的或私人的，也可以是社会组织管</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">理运营的。在传统的农产品提供方</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">式的基础上，应丰富农业形式和功能多</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">样性，发掘城市农业景观、环境教育和</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">社会融合的作用，实现农业与城市的深</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">度交融。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="float: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 11px;height: 11px;padding: 3px;margin-bottom: -5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="height: 15px;margin-left: 5px;transform: rotate(30deg);transform-origin: 0px 0px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(219, 219, 219);border-top-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-right-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-bottom-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="border-top: 1px solid rgb(219, 219, 219);border-right-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-bottom-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-left-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);margin-right: 13px;margin-top: -3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">1.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">完善“农业—城市”系统，提高</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市韧性</span></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在封城的情况下，区域交通物流网<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">络受阻甚至中断，城市面临粮食紧缺的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">困境。因此在危机环境下，本地的粮食</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">供给在一定程度上可以缓解城市粮食危</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">机，维护城市短期粮食安全。在城市近</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">郊区乡村国土空间规划中，应预留一定</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的耕地，以满足一定时间内城市人口的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">粮食需求，并倡导农业多元化种植，避</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">免单一的农业结构。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在城市规划中要考虑“泛农业”空<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">间的指标预测和用地预留，盘活城市闲</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">置空间；在城市绿地系统规划中利用城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市公共绿地培育“可食景观”，倡导城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市社区利用社区公共绿地发展社区农业，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">同时增加城市粮食供应途径，提高自身</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">应对灾害的韧性。通过乡村和农业反哺</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市，以及将农业融入城市规划建设中，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">形成“农业—城市”互补系统，最终提</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">高城市应对突发公共卫生事件的韧性。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="float: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 11px;height: 11px;padding: 3px;margin-bottom: -5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="height: 15px;margin-left: 5px;transform: rotate(30deg);transform-origin: 0px 0px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(219, 219, 219);border-top-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-right-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-bottom-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="border-top: 1px solid rgb(219, 219, 219);border-right-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-bottom-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-left-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);margin-right: 13px;margin-top: -3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2.发展CSA 模式，加强城乡互动</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">社区支持农业模式( C o m m u n i t y <span style="box-sizing: border-box;">Support Agriculture，简称“CSA”) 在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">20世纪70年代起源于日本和瑞士。当时</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的消费者为了寻找安全的食物，与那些</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">希望建立稳定客源的农民携手合作，建</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">立经济合作关系。食物的就地供应，缩</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">短了食物供应链，增加了社区邻里间面</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">对面( 生产者—消费者) 的交流机会和频</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">率，增强了因食品安全而建立起来的信</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">任感以及社区的认同感、归属感。北</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">京的小毛驴市民农园是我国第一个社区</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">分享型农场。通过石嫣博士团队的招募，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">许多市民在农场承包了小块菜地。在这</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">里，市民需要参加一定量的义务劳动，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">由他们自己决策耕种蔬菜的种类及蔬菜</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">配送的方式，并承担菜园管理。农场定</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">期举行开放日活动，允许市民到农场里</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">进行参观和实践活动，吸引了大量具有</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">环保消费意识的新兴阶层，或是渴望接</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">触自然、培养对自然环境热爱的儿童少</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">年家庭。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">当城市遭遇突发公共卫生事件时，<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市系统变得十分脆弱，物流网络受阻，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">日常物资供应不足。通过发展CSA模式，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">可以建立社区与乡村的信任关系链条，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在危机环境下为乡村农产品开辟绿色通</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">道，保障社区农产品的供应，有效降低</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市脆弱性。CSA 模式可以满足城市居</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">民日常获取安全农产品的需求，实现城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">乡居民之间的良性互动，在危机环境下</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">实现乡村对城市的食品反哺，形成城乡</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">之间“日常—危机”的韧性链条。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（三）链条三：新兴产业互动关系链</p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="float: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 11px;height: 11px;padding: 3px;margin-bottom: -5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="height: 15px;margin-left: 5px;transform: rotate(30deg);transform-origin: 0px 0px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(219, 219, 219);border-top-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-right-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-bottom-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="border-top: 1px solid rgb(219, 219, 219);border-right-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-bottom-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-left-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);margin-right: 13px;margin-top: -3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">1.移动互联网与乡村创意产业</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">移动互联网时代为乡村打通了更加<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">多元、全面和开放的城乡交流渠道，对</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">乡村产业及公共服务事业的发展产生了</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">深刻影响，乡村景观、乡村文化的异质性，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">以及更加真实、高质量的乡村生活开始</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">得到更多青睐。日本西部的石见银山</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">是日本具有代表性的矿山遗址，不仅保</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">留了当地独特的采银方式，以及大量的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">开采遗址和坑道遗址，还保存了许多江</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">户时代的特色建筑群。利用这些真实的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">历史文化元素，加上创意转化与品牌包</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">装，石见银山得以走出乡村，成为城市</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">潮牌。因此，应引导文化创意产业向乡</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">村特别是近郊区乡村适度聚集，让城市</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">为乡村创意产业提供人才和资金投入。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">一方面，乡村可以就地取“材”，体现</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">乡土文化的真实性和亲和性。乡村可以</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">利用移动互联网弥补在基础服务设施上</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的不足。另一方面，利用乡村产业建设</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">用地，可以降低经营成本，同时改善乡</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">村产业结构，带动当地村民就近就业，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">减少人口流动，降低疾病传播风险。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="float: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 11px;height: 11px;padding: 3px;margin-bottom: -5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="height: 15px;margin-left: 5px;transform: rotate(30deg);transform-origin: 0px 0px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(219, 219, 219);border-top-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-right-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-bottom-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="border-top: 1px solid rgb(219, 219, 219);border-right-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-bottom-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-left-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);margin-right: 13px;margin-top: -3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">利用乡村生态本底加强儿童自然</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">教育</span></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">回顾疫情的起源，是源于人们对自<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">然的无知和缺乏敬畏，可见自然教育对</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">于儿童的重要性。城市拥有绝大部分优</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">质教育资源，但自然空间的缺乏和学校</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">出于安全的考虑，使城市儿童接触自然</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的频率和机会较少。乡村拥有丰富的自</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">然生态空间，因此在村庄产业规划中应</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">依托自然生态和农用地，引入城市自然</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">教育产业，鼓励村民从事自然教育和绿</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">色食品生产工作，并借助CSA 模式结成</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">“城乡对子”，通过城乡之间服务设施</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的共建共享，加强对儿童的自然教育，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">激活乡村公共空间。</span></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.03125" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/EjiclXhR4KRG3Pgrqco29CCuM5DCswJwynlfUlqe0RQqUQibBPykbTtKSdg60umRTbeVOvv045icR6ByWkcFcxLOA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);border-bottom: 8px ridge rgb(240, 235, 213);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;padding: 8px 10px;border-left-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(238, 238, 238);padding: 0px 8px;font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">三 结语</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 2px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 4px;transform: rotate(0deg);float: left;margin-top: -3px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 4px;height: 4px;border-radius: 100%;float: left;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 4px;height: 4px;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: 0.5em;float: left;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 4px;height: 4px;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: 0.5em;float: left;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 4px;height: 4px;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: 0.5em;float: left;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 4px;height: 4px;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: 0.5em;float: left;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="border-top: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);margin-top: -2px;border-right-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);border-bottom-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);border-left-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="width: 100%;padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">疫情的爆发使人们从应对公共卫<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">生危机的角度出发重新审视城乡关系。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">乡村作为人居环境的重要组成部分，对</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城乡系统的作用不应被忽视。本文从城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市与乡村的互补性出发，以城乡公共健</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">康和应急管理的一体化为目标，研究城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">乡关系中的韧性关系链，得出应规划三</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">条城乡韧性关系链(图1)：①功能转换</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">关系链，构建城乡一体的“日常—应急”</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">双重属性的公共服务体系；②农业反哺</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">关系链，强化乡村对城市的食品反哺，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">完善“农业—城市”系统和发展社区支</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">持农业模式；③新兴产业互动关系链，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">通过移动互联网与创意产业的融合以</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">及乡村儿童自然教育，实现城乡良性互</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">动。期望通过这三条关系链的打造，能</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">构建出更有韧性和抗逆力的城乡互动</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">关系。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.7254902" data-w="612" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhbsUAKOpyf4bnsQdGGMYml9OicqkxY1UDNDptjRm7b0Drs6YDCt2uSbM1p9DVFfnLDq5CFb2017bg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.45;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p></section></section><section style="width: 100%;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 4px;margin-top: -2px;float: right;transform: rotate(0deg);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 4px;height: 4px;border-radius: 100%;float: left;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 4px;height: 4px;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: 0.5em;float: left;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 4px;height: 4px;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: 0.5em;float: left;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 4px;height: 4px;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: 0.5em;float: left;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 4px;height: 4px;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: 0.5em;float: left;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="border-top: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);margin-top: -2px;margin-bottom: 2px;border-right-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);border-bottom-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);border-left-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.03125" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/EjiclXhR4KRG3Pgrqco29CCuM5DCswJwynlfUlqe0RQqUQibBPykbTtKSdg60umRTbeVOvv045icR6ByWkcFcxLOA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0% 20px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;vertical-align: top;padding: 15px;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 5px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(218, 107, 107);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(110, 110, 110);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">来源：2020年06期《规划师》杂志</p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">新媒体编辑：刘晓莹</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">审读：刘芳</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="display: block;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 0px 1.5em;margin-bottom: -35px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 10px;width: 100%;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">文章全文详见《规划师》杂志2020年06期</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">《</strong><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">突发公共卫生事件下的城乡关系思考</span><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">》</span></strong></p></section></section></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 100%;font-size: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-left: 24px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="float: left;margin-top: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254) !important;"><section style="width: 0px;height: 8px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);margin-left: 23px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 16px;margin-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 16px;height: 8px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-right: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;margin-top: -8px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-right: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-left: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);margin-top: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="float: right;margin-top: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254) !important;"> <section style="width: 0px;height: 8px;border-right: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);margin-right: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 16px;margin-top: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 16px;height: 8px;border-right: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-left: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;margin-top: -8px;margin-left: 8px;border-left: 1px solid 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rgb(247, 177, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-color: white;width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.5em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">多</p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 25%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;font-size: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 4px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(247, 177, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-color: white;width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.5em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">精</p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: 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border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 38.2%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="color: rgb(67, 103, 117);font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">公众号ID</p><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></p></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-w="430" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mhbsUAKOpyf4bnsQdGGMYmlwNIS4Lq7NjTLOG3lULkzHzuczJk8m0oxYAFNRqAPVIUaWF26Fn0SVA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="width: 9px;height: 9px;float: left;border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(21, 103, 167);border-left: 2px solid rgb(21, 103, 167);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 9px;height: 9px;float: 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