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<p><strong style="max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;font-size: 16px;text-align: center;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(122, 68, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">本文授权转自城PLUS（ID：</span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;font-size: 16px;text-align: center;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(122, 68, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">caupdsz</span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;font-size: 16px;text-align: center;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(122, 68, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">），欢迎关注！</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="574" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="116" data-ratio="0.625" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/36RibRqVRbNw4x2cosCLYswdBcsWKPuyfcQqBBsEJYn8C7sMPINWS5GLPt3C9Wr4ny6mXicck6rk7tgJSbCHnicVg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1024" style="height: auto;width: 100%;" data-backw="574" data-backh="359" data-before-oversubscription-url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/36RibRqVRbNw4x2cosCLYswdBcsWKPuyfcQqBBsEJYn8C7sMPINWS5GLPt3C9Wr4ny6mXicck6rk7tgJSbCHnicVg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg"  /></p><section style="white-space: normal;text-align: right;line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">图源：m.enterdesk.com</span></section><p style="white-space: normal;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);text-decoration: underline;"><strong><span style="font-size: 24px;">01</span></strong></span> <span style="font-size: 18px;"><strong><span style="color: rgb(35, 101, 164);">大都市圈地区的悖论</span></strong></span><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">聚集的好处VS聚集的代价</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14px;line-height: 22.4px;">在日本有两大都市圈地区：一个是东京都市圈地区，其中心区域是东京；另一个是大阪都市圈地区 ，它的中心城市在大阪。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14px;line-height: 22.4px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">日本的城市和全世界其他大城市一样有着交通拥堵、长途通勤、住房和污染等问题，这些问题亟待解决，为什么要继续向大城市聚集呢？ </span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;"><br  /></span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">城市分化：</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">针对富人和利益相关者，集聚带来的好处大于集聚带来的成本，所以才有集聚的效应。在日本，富裕人群可以居住在城市中心，因此并不会体会到长期通勤遇到的交通堵塞问题，同时他们在市中心拥有的房产和土地资产不断增值，集聚效应越强好处越大。所以各种设施仍然向市中心聚集，向城市群中心聚集。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-backh="535" data-backw="574" data-before-oversubscription-url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/36RibRqVRbNzV6IiaRDibnkn5yIbMo2o0sibTMkAib6AokQnsSNM78yicNqrmD2e8LQhDibI3MJhcMdonN8Wuql81ic8IA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="574" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="536" data-ratio="0.9319620253164557" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/36RibRqVRbNzV6IiaRDibnkn5yIbMo2o0sibTMkAib6AokQnsSNM78yicNqrmD2e8LQhDibI3MJhcMdonN8Wuql81ic8IA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1264" style="width: 100%;height: auto;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;text-align: right;line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">日本都市圈地区</span></p><section style="white-space: normal;line-height: normal;text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: 10px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"><br  /></span></section><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="font-size: 24px;text-decoration: underline;"><strong><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">02</span></strong></span> <span style="font-size: 18px;color: rgb(35, 101, 164);"><strong>日本都市圈地区的两极分化</strong></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">在经济快速发展时期，人口和经济活动不断集聚到东京都市圈地区以及大阪都市圈地区。自20世纪70年代以来，大阪都市圈地区失去了自身的集聚力。尤其是在2000年代新自由主义开始成为主流的城市政策之后，两极分化的情况更为严峻。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-backh="366" data-backw="574" data-before-oversubscription-url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/36RibRqVRbNzV6IiaRDibnkn5yIbMo2o0sibxBhDz8hwrIAibGyfHiamD4kPBwBQCMGuAEAxpfLib84glJoOXkYWEXcMg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="574" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="369" data-ratio="0.63828125" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/36RibRqVRbNzV6IiaRDibnkn5yIbMo2o0sibxBhDz8hwrIAibGyfHiamD4kPBwBQCMGuAEAxpfLib84glJoOXkYWEXcMg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style="width: 100%;height: auto;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">2000年代后，财富集聚是一个明显的趋势。与大阪相比，公共和私人投资也集聚在东京。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.64453125" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/36RibRqVRbNzbAkWsG9A6dmSLZMN5LfwfIoQaOiaDq8tRHibw8N8ibVOEKGsAibxQ5bkcviagOQI74JEHRC0yoNShfNQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" data-backw="574" data-backh="370" data-before-oversubscription-url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/36RibRqVRbNzbAkWsG9A6dmSLZMN5LfwfIoQaOiaDq8tRHibw8N8ibVOEKGsAibxQ5bkcviagOQI74JEHRC0yoNShfNQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="width: 100%;height: auto;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">2000年之后，东京的财富聚集趋势有了很大的增长，而大阪却在不断下降。日本城市发展大概在60年代之后，在这个时期大阪和东京都在不断吸收各种财富、各种经济活动。之后大阪人口开始下降，虽然东京在那时也有所下降，但在2000年之后，突然一夜之间增长得很快。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="font-size: 24px;text-decoration: underline;"><strong><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">03</span></strong></span> <span style="font-size: 18px;color: rgb(35, 101, 164);"><strong>东京的城市鸿沟</strong></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">富裕人群和贫穷人口在东京的社会分化程度在上升：富裕人口越来越涌向东京市中心，东京市中心的财富集聚在2000年之后陡然上升，财富聚集到市中心的趋势越来越单极化。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-backh="384" data-backw="574" data-before-oversubscription-url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/36RibRqVRbNzbAkWsG9A6dmSLZMN5LfwfKVQYJ1fL6xic9uicWU31UnasCNFicDeMBAjC23jIV76F62vxUwuBjoq2A/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.66875" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/36RibRqVRbNzbAkWsG9A6dmSLZMN5LfwfKVQYJ1fL6xic9uicWU31UnasCNFicDeMBAjC23jIV76F62vxUwuBjoq2A/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style="width: 100%;height: auto;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.759607522485691" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/36RibRqVRbNzbAkWsG9A6dmSLZMN5LfwfUCPXkmGyicgFSc3OJv9RPlISicsicNkqLlC6qJrl14HBrM18uBAUlGUWQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1223" data-backw="574" data-backh="436" data-before-oversubscription-url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/36RibRqVRbNzbAkWsG9A6dmSLZMN5LfwfUCPXkmGyicgFSc3OJv9RPlISicsicNkqLlC6qJrl14HBrM18uBAUlGUWQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="width: 100%;height: auto;"  /></p><p><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="font-size: 24px;text-decoration: underline;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>04</strong></span><span style="color: rgb(35, 101, 164);"><strong> 东京的新自由主义城市政策</strong></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><strong style="color: rgb(35, 101, 164);"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><br  /></span></strong></p><p><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(35, 101, 164);">| 2000年之前</span></strong><br  /></p><p><br  /></p><p><span style="font-size: 14px;">东京的城市发展纲要的基本方向是基于规划的。</span><span style="font-size: 14px;">这一时期城市发展的基调是根据首个《东京都长期规划》（1982年）和《日本首都圈规划》（1986年）提出的多中心发展。</span><span style="font-size: 14px;">这些规划旨在通过限制商业功能向市中心集聚，并将发展引导到次城市中心，将城市发展模式重组为多中心城市形态。</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 14px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-backh="418" data-backw="574" data-before-oversubscription-url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/36RibRqVRbNzbAkWsG9A6dmSLZMN5LfwfMdjcqu1E9KcFf8ZaAEMmNW4UK3CAlOlicE88zfyLIgo7KcoEpcfics7w/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-croporisrc="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/36RibRqVRbNzbAkWsG9A6dmSLZMN5LfwfWGiclYDt7ic4IPDJHuVRAl1xIbhclsOzdSzIF2QmHhlSIAnzxW1lvUhg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="1094.4878048780488" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="795.2891986062717" data-oversubscription-url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/36RibRqVRbNzbAkWsG9A6dmSLZMN5LfwfWGiclYDt7ic4IPDJHuVRAl1xIbhclsOzdSzIF2QmHhlSIAnzxW1lvUhg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.7276051188299817" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/36RibRqVRbNzbAkWsG9A6dmSLZMN5LfwfMdjcqu1E9KcFf8ZaAEMmNW4UK3CAlOlicE88zfyLIgo7KcoEpcfics7w/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1094" style="width: 100%;height: auto;"  /></p><p style="text-align: justify;line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">1982年首个《东京都长期规划》。</span><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">中心的区域周围有很多次中心点，这是由政府指定的在新的城市发展愿景中，城市中心只是在这个位置、在一些指定的点进行重建的工作，有效缓解过度中心化。</span></p><section><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"><br  /></span></section><p style="white-space: normal;text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-backh="383" data-backw="574" data-before-oversubscription-url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/36RibRqVRbNzbAkWsG9A6dmSLZMN5Lfwf7PnEXLVbD0icPnycicebfFxZjAehJZXT8NzZvhCL5duupzlO5E71rpvw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.66640625" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/36RibRqVRbNzbAkWsG9A6dmSLZMN5Lfwf7PnEXLVbD0icPnycicebfFxZjAehJZXT8NzZvhCL5duupzlO5E71rpvw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style="width: 100%;height: auto;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"></span></p><p><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;text-align: justify;"><strong style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(35, 101, 164);">| 2000年之后</span></strong><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">东京都政府通过制定《东京新城市发展愿景》（2001年），将城市发展政策转向加强市中心。在2000年代，奖励容积率的《城市发展计划》主要因为日本政府在新自由主义政策下实施的放松管制政策出现变化。2002年制定了《城市再生特别法》（URSL）和东京市中心的紧急城市再生区（UURAs）。在紧急城市再生区（UURAs），私营开发商可以提议指定城市再生特区（URSDs）。一旦该区域被指定为城市再生特区（URSD），现有的分区代码将被取消并重新设定。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="574" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="835" data-ratio="1.3529411764705883" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/36RibRqVRbNxqibn5GKY0UwpwkDgicZ9vkcNwTiayW7ERBMHLT4kfBWHKNy4ID4qQFLkchXn0twDv9PPA2z6oqdNBw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="680" style="height: auto;width: 100%;" data-backw="574" data-backh="777" data-before-oversubscription-url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/36RibRqVRbNxqibn5GKY0UwpwkDgicZ9vkcNwTiayW7ERBMHLT4kfBWHKNy4ID4qQFLkchXn0twDv9PPA2z6oqdNBw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;text-align: right;line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">2002年东京市中心的紧急城市再生区（UURAs）</span></p><section style="white-space: normal;line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"><br  /></span></section><p style="white-space: normal;text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-backh="383" data-backw="574" data-before-oversubscription-url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/36RibRqVRbNzbAkWsG9A6dmSLZMN5LfwfjGlWEPmYOBU7jMYfrt8gHPmZn1e4LqqobjKZR6bRQkoDIHGn9vy88Q/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.6671875" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/36RibRqVRbNzbAkWsG9A6dmSLZMN5LfwfjGlWEPmYOBU7jMYfrt8gHPmZn1e4LqqobjKZR6bRQkoDIHGn9vy88Q/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style="width: 100%;height: auto;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><strong><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 14px;"><br  /></span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><strong><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 14px;">《东京都政府规划》在2000年代后由去中心化政策转变为中心化政策。城市发展的重心越来越集中在东京市中心。</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><strong><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 14px;"><br  /></span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">尽管存在“集聚的好处< 集聚的代价”的情况，但是日本的城市结构已从双极结构转变为单极结构。在新自由主义的城市政策下，财富越来越集中于东京，特别是东京中心。因此，在全国范围内的发展不平衡以及东京都市圈和大阪都市圈内的社会差异日益明显。要改变这种状况，需要从新自由主义的城市政策转向协作型城市政策，特别是要：</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><strong><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 14px;">1）推动都市圈内部逐步改善，而不是中产阶级化、大规模城市重建</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><strong><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 14px;"><br  /></span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-backh="430" data-backw="574" data-before-oversubscription-url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/36RibRqVRbNxqibn5GKY0UwpwkDgicZ9vkcAia0lo2rZP7Iw6sEMbRz63iaeYUxPbWmyiaBhzKcPia29O5ZuwYulEuxjA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-oversubscription-url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/36RibRqVRbNxqibn5GKY0UwpwkDgicZ9vkcAia0lo2rZP7Iw6sEMbRz63iaeYUxPbWmyiaBhzKcPia29O5ZuwYulEuxjA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.7493857493857494" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/36RibRqVRbNxqibn5GKY0UwpwkDgicZ9vkcAia0lo2rZP7Iw6sEMbRz63iaeYUxPbWmyiaBhzKcPia29O5ZuwYulEuxjA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="407" style="width: 100%;height: auto;"  /></p><section style="white-space: normal;text-align: right;line-height: normal;"><span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 10px;">内区活力购物街（东京）</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;text-align: right;line-height: normal;"><span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 10px;"><br  /></span></section><p style="white-space: normal;"><strong><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 14px;">2）增加中小城市的吸引力，吸引有创造力的年轻人</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><strong><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 14px;"><br  /></span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-backh="362" data-backw="574" data-before-oversubscription-url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/36RibRqVRbNzV6IiaRDibnkn5yIbMo2o0sibPwSy9oq0ic4AdTuO1OYvKKBriaJnTwjduytV30uibyohBANBybSfwZNKw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-croporisrc="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/36RibRqVRbNxqibn5GKY0UwpwkDgicZ9vkcZ8HFibe35Spj5ZInVOqXoHuqeIVonk0XtzbLoEeBSsfcFvOet2FuVbg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="816" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="516.0418118466898" data-oversubscription-url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/36RibRqVRbNxqibn5GKY0UwpwkDgicZ9vkcZ8HFibe35Spj5ZInVOqXoHuqeIVonk0XtzbLoEeBSsfcFvOet2FuVbg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.6311274509803921" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/36RibRqVRbNzV6IiaRDibnkn5yIbMo2o0sibPwSy9oq0ic4AdTuO1OYvKKBriaJnTwjduytV30uibyohBANBybSfwZNKw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="816" style="width: 100%;height: auto;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;text-align: right;line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">日本IT企业向农村转移寻求工作与生活平衡的新趋势</span><span style="font-size: 19px;font-family: 等线;color: black;"></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><br  /></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 14px;">这种集聚效应带来了很多好处，也带来了集中化的不良后果。</span><span style="font-size: 14px;">总的来说，需要更多专注于平衡性、具有创造性的城市政策，更多关注不同的社会领域，平衡政府部门和社会各个部门之间的关系。</span><span style="font-size: 14px;">更多关注在中心区域的老城区不断进行改造和重新再生的功能促进。</span><span style="font-size: 14px;"></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><br  /></span></p><hr style="white-space: normal;border-style: solid;border-right-width: 0px;border-bottom-width: 0px;border-left-width: 0px;border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;transform: scale(1, 0.5);"  /><p style="white-space: normal;line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">注：本文根据东京大学工学系研究科城市工程系城市规划副教授</span><span style="font-size: 10px;color: rgb(35, 101, 164);">城所哲夫博士</span><span style="font-size: 10px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">2019年5月在“中国城市规划学会国外城市规划学术委员会2019年年会”中的演讲整理，未经讲者审阅。</span><br  /></p><section style="white-space: normal;line-height: normal;text-align: center;"><br  /></section><section style="white-space: normal;line-height: normal;text-align: center;"><strong><span style="font-size: 10px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"></span></strong></section><p style="line-height: normal;text-align: center;"><strong><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">.  .  .</span></strong></p><section class="" powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(84, 84, 84);word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 20px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="padding: 15px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;width: 502.358px;vertical-align: top;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(197, 226, 224);border-radius: 5px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/TbfTDrSBmDOIic7apQoPHAh15cLWCHzSyu0QL7m4BJKqtoYkYic7JJ3rCYUtmmJ6XNj0IiaurTa12eDibKNFIGoRicg/640?wx_fmt=png");background-attachment: scroll;background-size: 107.589%;background-position: 233.929% 1.8202%;background-repeat: repeat;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(110, 110, 110);box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: 23.2727px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">来源：城PLUS</span></span></p></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 23.2727px;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;height: 1px;background-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 23.2727px;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">新媒体编辑：刘晓莹</p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">审读：刘芳</p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;text-align: start;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">声明：本文来源：</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;line-height: 25.6px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);line-height: 25.6px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">授权转自</span><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);line-height: 25.6px;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">城PLUS</span></strong></span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;line-height: 25.6px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);font-size: 14px;line-height: 25.6px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">（ID<strong style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(84, 84, 84);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">：</span></strong></span></strong></span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;line-height: 25.6px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);line-height: 25.6px;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">caupdsz</span></strong></span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word 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!important;">【规划师论坛3】武汉建设国家中心城市的目标愿景及核心策略<br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;color: rgb(117, 114, 114);text-indent: 0em;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">【规划师论坛4】东北振兴战略下沈阳建设国家中心城市策略研究</p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="margin-left: -0.45em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;width: 0px;border-top: 1em solid rgb(156, 94, 21);word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;border-left: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-right: 0.5em solid transparent !important;"></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(84, 84, 84);word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;width: 9px;height: 9px;float: left;border-top: 2px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left: 2px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;width: 9px;height: 9px;float: right;border-top: 2px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right: 2px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="margin-top: -5px;margin-bottom: -5px;padding-right: 4px;padding-left: 4px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="padding: 10px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;overflow: hidden !important;"><img class="" data-ratio="0.75" data-type="jpeg" data-w="640" width="auto" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0miamsmdkCRSekMMOyPpdibRtnHJ6nReg68o2REQYkpx4HjnlpkicyomwR5h8e8wQlJuYaCocsfmIiaflw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="box-sizing: border-box;background-color: rgb(238, 237, 235);border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(238, 237, 235);background-size: 22px;background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;vertical-align: middle;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: 287px !important;"  /></section></section><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;overflow: hidden !important;"><img class="" data-copyright="0" data-ratio="1.3037037037037038" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mgQyqwKuibN92QE6IAhWPLnnRGU56XLkLA4ecPzibwZ4wMrrA5jo5ict00AN5B7g66cUlDuwQxJBvPDQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: 677px !important;"  /></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(132, 81, 21);word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;clear: none;min-height: 1em;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: left;transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin-bottom: 4px;padding-right: 5px;padding-left: 5px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;background-color: rgb(249, 110, 87);word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;clear: none;min-height: 1em;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">《规划师》杂志社                                               </p></section><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 290px;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: left;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;clear: none;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 17px;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(132, 81, 21);word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">地址：广西南宁市青秀区月湾路1号南国弈园6楼<br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;clear: none;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 17px;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(132, 81, 21);word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">邮编：530029</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;clear: none;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 17px;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(132, 81, 21);word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">邮箱：planner@21cn.net</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;clear: none;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 17px;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(132, 81, 21);word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">网址：www.planners.com.cn</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;clear: none;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 17px;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(132, 81, 21);word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">电话：0771-2438012</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;clear: none;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 17px;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(132, 81, 21);word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">传真：0771-2436269</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section>
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