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<section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 15%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.91" data-w="100" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhqibq8PrRm1AwLicZYRYhsP1tRicTduyfgbs3eHic7gd5yydz9YUA2ks7OJnw7RV4errpTxGtCV1Em9A/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 70%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: center;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(153, 166, 171);line-height: 1.4;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.4;box-sizing: border-box;">欢迎点击以上蓝色字体</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">关注</p></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 15%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.91" data-w="100" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhqibq8PrRm1AwLicZYRYhsP1tRicTduyfgbs3eHic7gd5yydz9YUA2ks7OJnw7RV4errpTxGtCV1Em9A/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 50%;border-width: 3px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(254, 193, 192);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="padding: 5px 4px;clear: both;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">作者教授级高级工程师、广州市城市规划勘测设计研究院总规划师黄慧明，广州市城市规划勘测设计研究院政府规划编制部主创规划师韩文超在《规划师》2019年第15期撰文，文章总结了全球城市相关理论及知名研究机构的评价体系，提出了影响城市发展的主要因素包括“两大导向、五大维度”，构建了广州城市发展指标体系，并以此评估广州发展的优势和短板，指出广州应积极承担国家和区域职责，在扎实推进国家中心城市建设的基础上，谋划建设独具特色的全球城市，一方面强化科技创新引领，注重综合化和区域化，不断提升硬实力；另一方面弘扬开放包容的人本主义城市精神，注重特色化、在地化发展，全面增强软实力。同时，文章建议探索建立“动态+ 定期”“纵向+横向”“智能+ 人工”的城市发展评估机制。</p></section><section style="width: 50%;border-width: 3px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(42, 118, 162);float: right;margin-top: -6px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;padding: 0px 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: left;transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 12px;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[ 关键词 ] 全球城市；城市发展评估机制；软实力；广州</p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(56, 30, 5);letter-spacing: 1px;padding: 0px 4px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[ 文章编号 ]1006-0022(2019)15-0072-07　</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[ 中图分类号 ]TU984</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[ 文献标识码 ]B </p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[ 引文格式 ]黄慧明，韩文超．面向全球城市的广州发展评估体系构建研究[J]．规划师，2019(15)：72-78．</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/uP53bE6AZiaz8q2yicuoC9kJCbGCvPV14IVWlhET1tWLVvv5oKsB5RjickWYmYUJ3zibNq5f7YOrUhYOOvCmZxHp2g/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="display: inline-block;border-radius: 1em;background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);padding: 0.3em 0.8em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">全球城市的理论脉络</strong></p></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);padding: 10px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">“全球城市”这一概念是从世界城<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市发展而来的。英国学者盖迪斯于1915</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">年在其著作《进化中的城市》中首次提</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">出“世界城市”的概念，他强调的是在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">当时世界商业活动中占据重要比重的城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市。这一概念提出后，逐步发展演变，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">产生了深远的影响。本文根据不同的时</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">代背景、发展模式和研究视角，大致可</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">以将其发展历程划分为3个阶段。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(1) 第一阶段：20 世纪50 ～ 60 年代，<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">中心地模式下定性描述阶段。随着第二</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">次世界大战后欧美城市的快速发展和迅</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">速扩张，在中心地理论和传统国际劳动</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">分工影响下，一些城市在政治、商业和</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">经济等领域的影响力日益增强。这一时</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">期的研究多是对这一现象的定性描述。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">最具代表性的是1966 年英国地理学家彼</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">得·霍尔在其著作《世界城市》中提出，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">世界城市的主要特征包括国家政治权利</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">中心、贸易中心和金融中心、专业人才</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">集聚中心、大规模人口集中、娱乐业成</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">为重要产业部门等。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(2) 第二阶段：20世纪70～90年代，<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">新国家劳动分工下的全球城市模型构建</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">阶段。随着经济全球化的不断发展，以</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">跨国公司为代表的新的国际劳动分工体</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">系逐步建立，全球资源配置体系发生了</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">变化。世界城市被认为是跨国公司总部</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的聚集地，是全球经济的“指挥和配置</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">中心”。这一时期的研究纷纷构建各自</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的理论框架加以解释，如约翰·弗里德曼</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在其1986年出版的著作《世界城市假说》</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">中提出世界城市的主要特征包括主要的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">金融中心、跨国公司总部集聚地、国际</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">性机构集中、第三产业高度发达、重要</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的制造中心、主要交通枢纽及人口迁移</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">目的地和较大人口规模，其本质属性是</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">世界经济的“指挥控制中心”；美国学</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">者萨森在其1991 年出版的著作《全球城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市：纽约、伦敦、东京》中指出世界城市</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">不应强调“控制中心”，而应强调服务于</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">控制的“服务中心”，她强调金融、国际</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">贸易及专业性服务公司等生产性服务业的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">国际化和集聚程度对于城市国际影响力的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">提升作用，提出了“全球城市”的概念。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(3) 第三阶段：21世纪以来，信息时<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">代的全球城市网络的实证定量分析阶段。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">20世纪90年代以来，以信息和通信技</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">术为代表的新技术所带来的经济社会变</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">化重塑了全球经济与城市网络结构，全</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">球统一市场逐步形成。以此为出发点，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">1996年美国著名学者曼纽尔·卡斯特尔</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在其《网络社会的崛起》一书中提出了</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">全球流动空间理论，认为全球城市不仅</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">仅是萨森指出的几个顶级全球城市，事</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">实上每个城市都是信息网络的一个结点，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">它们共同构成了全球城市的网络结构体</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">系。英国地理学家彼得·泰勒领衔的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">GaWC在卡斯特尔“流动空间”概念的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">基础上，研究了金融、法律等五大类高</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">端生产性服务业领域的全球顶尖跨国公</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">司分支机构，通过定量分析得出“全球</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市网络”。这一研究弥补了弗里德曼</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">等学者长期以来缺乏定量和实证研究及</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">重视等级体系轻网络联系的不足，对后</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">续全球城市研究领域产生了巨大影响。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">国内对于全球城市的研究起步较晚，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">但我国城市发展的独特样本给学者们提</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">供了与西方理论和范式不尽相同的视角，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">宁越敏、唐子来和张庆等国内学者的研</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">究也取得了长足的进展。</span></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/uP53bE6AZiaz8q2yicuoC9kJCbGCvPV14IVWlhET1tWLVvv5oKsB5RjickWYmYUJ3zibNq5f7YOrUhYOOvCmZxHp2g/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="display: inline-block;border-radius: 1em;background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);padding: 0.3em 0.8em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">二</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">全球城市多维评价</strong></p></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);padding: 10px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">以泰勒为代表的学者开辟了全球城<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市的定量化研究后，国内外相关学者和</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">研究机构纷纷从不同角度选取各有侧重</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的评价因素对全球城市发展进行研究与</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">测度。根据评价导向的不同可分为全球连</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">通性、综合实力和单项竞争力三大类。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）全球连通性评价体系</p></section><section style="height: 2px;width: 100%;background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">这类评价体系从弗里德曼、萨森等<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">学者的理论出发，重视城市融入全球化</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的程度和国际影响力，是全球城市评价</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的主要流派之一。评价要素通常关注跨</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">国公司、高端生产性服务业的分布及城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市在国际事务中的角色。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">1.GaWC：世界城市名册</p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">GaWC通过全球高端生产服务业跨<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">国公司及分支机构的联系程度，测度城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市的全球连通性及全球影响力，是最具</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">权威性和影响力的全球城市排名体系之</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">一。该排名通过筛选出金融、会计、广告、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">法律和管理咨询5个行业的全球高端生产</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">服务企业，研究这些企业及其分支机构在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">不同城市里的分布，从而为各城市的企业</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">服务价值打分，采用数据分析方法，最</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">终计算城市的排名(图1)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.5721584" data-w="783" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhqibq8PrRm1AwLicZYRYhsP1dde7wTeNfLK7ib8BFUudVajjd5I9T1Sod3Fdnn38bxdZg0tDU1SxU0Q/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">美国科尔尼管理咨询公司等：</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">全球城市指数</span></p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">全球城市指数(The Global Cities Index，<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">以下简称“GCI”) 是美国科尔尼管理咨</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">询公司(A.T. Kearney)、美国《外交杂志》</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">与芝加哥全球事务委员会共同完成的研</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">究项目。该指数从商业活动、人力资本、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">信息交流、文化体验和政治参与5个方</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">面综合衡量城市的全球影响力。所选取</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的指标聚焦于城市国际化水平，如商业</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">活动方面包括世界500强企业总部数量、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">召开国际会议的次数，文化体验方面侧</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">重于衡量对国际居民和旅游者的吸引力。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">根据该研究，近年来国内城市相关城市</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">排名相对稳定。其中，香港、北京、上</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">海稳定在前20位，台北在45位上下，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">广州、深圳在70位上下。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）综合实力评价体系</p></section><section style="height: 2px;width: 100%;background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">与全球连通性导向不同，一些研究<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">机构从城市综合实力的角度衡量城市在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">国际经济、社会中的地位和影响力。这</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">些综合实力评价体系不仅关注国际化指</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">数，还关注城市居住、交通、生态、环</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">境及文化等内部发展情况。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">1.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">英国《经济学家》智库：全球</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">最具竞争力城市调查报告</span></p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">英国《经济学家》智库定期公布《全<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">球最具竞争力城市调查报告》。这一排</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">名重点关注城市经济竞争力、人力资本、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">机构效率、金融产业融合度、国际吸引力、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">有形资本、环境与自然危害及社会与文</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">化特质8个主要指标，其中突出经济增</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">长、产业、创新环境和人力等生产要素</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的权重，而文化多样性、开放性和环境、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">安全要素相对弱化(图2)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.9168766" data-w="397" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhqibq8PrRm1AwLicZYRYhsP11o9sIR8XibeXd0ic4cYa7UgoMLHDlRh0RicysGrElV9uMtQtIznODV40A/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">日本森纪念基金会都市战略</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">研究所：全球城市实力指数(GPCI)</span></p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">日本森纪念基金会自2008年起每年<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">发布全球城市实力指数(GPCI)，是全面</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">评价全球顶级城市发展水平的研究之一。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">该研究以经济发展、科研开发、文化交</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">流、居住、环境和交通6个大类20个子</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">项的70项具体指标对全球约40个顶级</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市进行定量打分。2018年，该排名将</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">全球44座城市列入分析之列，伦敦、纽约、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">东京和巴黎位列前四位，国内城市中香</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">港位于第9位、北京位于第23位、上海</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">位于第26位、台北位于第35位，包括</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">广州在内的其他国内城市未进入该排名。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">3.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">中国社科院：全球城市竞争力</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">报告</span></p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">全球城市竞争力报告由中国社科院<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">发布，其指标体系包括产出指标体系、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">要素指标体系和产业竞争力指标体系三</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">大部分。其中，产出指标体系由GDP 规模、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">人均GDP 、地均GDP、GDP增长、专利</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">申请数和跨国公司指数6个指标构成，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">突出对经济产出效益、创新产出和经济</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">外向影响力的考量；要素指标体系由企</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">业素质、当地要素、当地需求、基础设施、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">内部环境、公共制度、全球联系7个一</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">级指标和52个二级指标构成；产业竞争</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">力指标体系偏重考察城市的22个产业在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">全球产业链的地位，其中高科技产业、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">金融业和公用事业是城市产业竞争力的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">重要支撑。2018年，该排名中纽约、洛</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">杉矶、新加坡和伦敦分别位列前4位，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">国内城市中深圳、香港、上海、广州、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">北京进入前20位，分别位列第5、11、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">13、14、19位。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（三）单项竞争力评价体系</p></section><section style="height: 2px;width: 100%;background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">近年来，国内外除了关注城市全球<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">连通性和综合实力的研究，也日益重视</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">对于某些单项竞争力的全球排名研究，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">如对于城市宜居水平、创新能力和金融</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">发展等方面的单项排名等(表1)。值得</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">注意的是，一些综合实力并不突出的城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市，由于其在某些单项上的突出表现而</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">获得了较高的国际知名度和影响力。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.427665" data-w="788" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhqibq8PrRm1AwLicZYRYhsP11AwHicjibTZW6T0W0XxG4Gciawuq1urUXk6vic3aLycUEr7SIhCLYgMAIA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（四）影响城市发展的五大维度</p></section><section style="height: 2px;width: 100%;background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">由于相关研究的侧重点和视角不同，<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">目前学术界对于全球城市发展的影响因</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">素和评价体系尚未达成共识，但总体来</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">看对于全球城市发展的评价仍达成了一</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">定的共识。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">归纳而言，影响城市发展的核心要<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">素可归纳为“两大导向、五大维度”，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">两大导向即城市发展硬实力和软实力；</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">五大维度为经济实力、创新能力、交通</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">枢纽、国际交往和宜居水平。其中，经济</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">实力主要包括经济规模与增长性、高端生</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">产性服务业和新兴产业发展等要素；创新</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">能力主要包括创新投入与产出、创新平台</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">和高层次人力资源等要素；交通枢纽包括</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">枢纽能力和国际化水平要素；国际交往主</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">要包括国际知名度、国际性组织与活动、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">国际人员往来等要素；宜居水平主要包</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">括生活成本、生态环境、城市安全、公</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">共交通、住房与公共服务设施等要素。</span></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/uP53bE6AZiaz8q2yicuoC9kJCbGCvPV14IVWlhET1tWLVvv5oKsB5RjickWYmYUJ3zibNq5f7YOrUhYOOvCmZxHp2g/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="display: inline-block;border-radius: 1em;background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);padding: 0.3em 0.8em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">三</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">广州面向全球城市的发展评估</strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">体系构建</strong></p></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);padding: 10px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）广州城市发展指标体系构建</p></section><section style="height: 2px;width: 100%;background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">以全球城市为目标，从全球连通性、<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">综合实力和单项竞争力三方面出发，结</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">合广州发展的实际情况，构建广州“两</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">大导向、五大维度”共36项城市发展指</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">标体系。通过与国内外城市进行横向比</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">较，分别赋予各项指标评分等级，其中</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">排名进入全球前20位或全国(含港澳台</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">地区城市) 前3位的为5星级，进入全</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">球前40位或全国前5位的为4星级，进</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">入全球前80 位或全国前8位的为3星级，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">进入全球前100 位或全国前10位的为2</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">星级，其他为1星级(表2)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="1.3901869" data-w="428" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhqibq8PrRm1AwLicZYRYhsP1bjySl8sEbcG47YlOJBUl8lwEggNPXps0Rm9lL36QGHSUA2ibia0p7Z0w/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）面向全球城市的五大维度评估</p></section><section style="height: 2px;width: 100%;background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">1.经济实力</p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在经济总量评估方面，一方面2017<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">年广州地区生产总值(GDP) 达到2.15万</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">亿元，人均GDP 按平均汇率折算为2.23</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">万美元。按照美国著名智库布鲁金斯学</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">会发布的《全球大都市观察报告》(2015</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">年) 和《财富》世界500强公司联行(JLL)</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的《全球城市经济规模排行榜》(2016年)，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">通过购买力评价计算，广州经济总量进</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">入全球前20名行列，与新加坡、以色列、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">多伦多和中国香港等发达国家或地区水</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">平相当，已具有一定的竞争力。另一方面，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">截至2017年10月31日，中国A股市场</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">共有的3408家上市公司中广州有94家，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">排名第6名，远低于北京(303家)、上</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">海(270家)、深圳(267家)，并落后于杭</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">州(126家)、苏州(102家)，显示出广州</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">龙头企业相对缺乏。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在高端先进生产性服务业评估方面，<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">GaWC数据显示，国内城市的全球排名</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">总体呈现不断上升的趋势(图3)。广州</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">从2000 年的G－级( 第109位) 快速上</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">升至2018 年的A－级( 第27位) ，显</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">示出高端生产性服务业能级的稳步提高。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.4722617" data-w="703" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhqibq8PrRm1AwLicZYRYhsP1HZFaBHM3y2pY2A6ibruK9pZw5nrbcuvc6QE2ytialiceSgncAlvfvbJBA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在金融业方面，英国智库Z/Yen集</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">团与中国(深圳) 综合开发研究院发布的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">“全球金融中心指数”(GFCI)报告显示，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">广州从2016 年的第37 位上升至2018</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">年的第19 位，进入世界新兴金融中心行</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">列。这显示出近年来广州金融业得到了</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">较快速的发展。同时，从金融业和信息</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">服务业的增加值看，广州与北京、上海、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">深圳等国内城市相比金融业整体实力仍</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">存在较大差距(表3)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.2881598" data-w="701" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhqibq8PrRm1AwLicZYRYhsP1jflvvC2Omc2g1yHa01J4fv1yL3pFSicjhnCCwuJvCl9n5ySGTLdAHGA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在新兴产业发展评估方面，近年来<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">以互联网为代表的新兴产业为城市发展</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">注入了新的动力。一方面，阿里巴巴、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">腾讯、京东等世界500强互联网公司总</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">部位于杭州、深圳和北京，广州在这方</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">面差距明显；另一方面，对比广州与深</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">圳上市公司企业，深圳上市公司更多集</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">中在互联网、金融与高科技等新兴产业</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">及民营企业上，广州上市公司还主要依</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">靠传统汽车制造、地产等产业。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2.创新能力</p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在创新资源评估方面，据统计，2018<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">年广州有83 所高等院校，在校生人数超</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">过110 万，居全国前列。在2018年美</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">国USNEWS 世界大学排行榜前400名中，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">广州有2所学校入围，但入围高校数量</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">及其排名相比北京、上海、武汉仍有一定</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">差距。广州就业人口中受过高等教育(大</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">专以上) 的人口比重约为20%，低于北京、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">上海。而两院院士、国家千人计划人数等</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">高层次人才数量也远低于北京、上海。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">此外，广州现有高新技术企业8690家，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">远低于北京的2万多家、深圳的1.1万家，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">这显示广州的创新水平有待大力提升。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">从总体上看，虽然广州的创新资源和平</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">台丰富，但是高层次人才仍存在一定短</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">板。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在创新的投入与产出评估方面，根<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">据世界知识产权组织2017年全球创新指</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">数(GII)，广州跻身于全球100个科创聚</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">落。但在专利申请方面，广州显著落后</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">于东京、横滨、旧金山和圣何塞等全球</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">创新型城市，与国内城市相比，也落后</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">于深圳、北京和上海(表4)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.571231" data-w="723" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhqibq8PrRm1AwLicZYRYhsP1N7q0AV7sWzMiaJQbcjkRTN6yXlja8sPZ1r7lWUciaYYC4Yy5KdtrL0Rw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">此外，广州的创新投入与转化能力</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">与先进城市存在较大差距。2016年广州</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">全社会研究与试验发展(R&D)经费支出</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">占GDP比重仅为2.34%，显著低于北京</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的5.6%、上海的4.0% 和深圳的4.4%。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">2016 年广州每万人发明专利拥有量为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">22.4 件，未进入全国前10 名，仅为深圳</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的28%、北京的29%。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">3.交通枢纽</p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在交通枢纽能级评估方面，近年来<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">广州航空、航运和铁路三大交通枢纽建</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">设成效显著，能级位列全国乃至全球前</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">列。例如，白云机场2017 年旅客吞吐量</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">为6973万人，位列全国第3名、全球</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">第13名；货邮吞吐量为178万吨，位列</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">全国第3名、全球第18 名。广州港货物</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">吞吐量为5.9亿吨，排名全国第4 位、全</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">球第5位。广州南站到发量为1.36亿人次，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">日均为37.4万人次，居全国首位。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在交通枢纽国际化程度评估方面，<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">2018年广州白云机场国外通航城市83</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">个，远低于法兰克福(279个)、戴高乐(267</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">个)、阿姆斯特丹(266个)和香港(153个)、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">北京(112个)、上海(94个) 等城市。旅</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">客中转率为11%，而通常国际航空枢纽</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">中转比例在25％以上。2018年广州港集</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">装箱国际班轮航线为101条，而上海和</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">深圳均为200条左右。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在交通枢纽与城市功能联动发展水<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">平评估方面，广州中心城区至白云机场</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的时间约为26分钟，耗时超过伦敦希思</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">罗机场、纽约肯尼迪机场等全球知名机</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">场。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">4.国际交往</p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在国际性组织与活动方面，广州作<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">为我国的南大门，长期的对外交流使得</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">国际性组织众多。例如，2018年广州拥</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">有的总领事馆数为61家，仅次于北京(157</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">家)、香港(119家) 和上海(76家)，广</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">泛服务于广东及周边省市。国际友好城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市的数量达38个，仅次于上海(64个)</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">和北京(55个) 。同时，广州具有世界</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">级影响力的大企业较少。根据《财富》</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">杂志2017年评选的“财富世界500强”，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">广州共有3家企业进入榜单，低于北京(56</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">家)、东京(38家)、纽约(16 家)、上海(8</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">家)、香港(6家) 和深圳(6家)。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">此外，近年来广州举办的国际性会<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">议和体育赛事等国际性活动数量存在较</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">大短板。据国际大会及会议协会(ICCA)</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">统计，2017年广州举办的国际性会议为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">22个，世界排名第119位，远低于巴黎</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">(190个)、伦敦(177个)、新加坡(160</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">个) 等世界顶尖城市；在国内排名低于香</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">港(119个)、北京(81个) 等城市，排第</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">6位。广东是我国最大的侨乡，全球广东</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">籍和港澳台同胞近3000万，占到了全部</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">华人的60%。广州作为岭南文化中心地，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">粤剧、粤菜和粤绣等传统文化的影响力</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">不断提升。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在国际人员交流方面，广州入境旅<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">游人数较多，外国旅游者人数处于全国</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">前列。2017年，广州过夜入境旅游人数</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">为900万，高于上海的719万人次；其</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">中广州外国旅游者人数(过夜) 达到346</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">万人次，高于深圳的178万人次。2014</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">年广州常住外国人口为11.8万，位列大</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">陆城市第3位，仅次于北京、上海，并</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">显著高于天津、成都和深圳等城市。目前，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">广州常住外国人口比例约为1%，与纽约、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">伦敦等顶尖全球城市20% 以上的比例相</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">比，仍有较大差距。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">5.宜居水平</p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在生活成本评估方面，根据2018年<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">《美世生活成本排名》，广州的生活成</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">本在全球209个城市中位于第15名，在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">国内低于香港(第1名)、上海(第7名)、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">北京(第9名) 和深圳(第12名)，远低</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">于伦敦、巴黎、东京和香港等顶尖全球</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市，生活成本仅为它们的一半左右。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在生态环境与安全评估方面，根据</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">粤港澳大湾区研究院发布的《2018 年中</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">国城市营商环境评价报告》，广州生态</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">环境指数位居全国第14位，高于北京(第</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">16位) 和上海(第24位)，空气和水环境</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">保护压力较大。2017年，广州水功能区</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">达标率达到67%，与上海持平，高于北京</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的60.9%；空气质量优良率达到80.5%，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">高于北京(62.1%) 和上海(75.3%)，低于</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">深圳(94%)。人均应急避护场所面积为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">0.78m2，高于上海，但仍低于国家1m2</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的标准。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在公共交通评估方面，2017年《城<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市出行半径大数据报告》(腾讯位置大数据)</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">显示广州工作日平均通勤半径为6.5km2，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在北上广深特大城市中，平均距离最短，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">通勤压力最小。与其他国外城市通勤时</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">间相比，广州通勤时间为46分钟，小于</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">东京(58分钟)、首尔(53分钟)，位于中</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">等偏上水平。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在公共服务评估方面，通过对相关<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">国内特大城市教育、医疗和体育设施的对</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">比可以看出，广州公共服务设施总体水平</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">具有一定的竞争力。例如，全市三甲医</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">院38家；每千人拥有床位数从2013 年</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的5.67 张提高至2017年底的6.22张，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">高于全国平均水平(4.83 张)，也高于北</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">京(5.14 张)、深圳(3.5 张)。人均体育</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">场地面积为2.38m2，高于全国1.46m2</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的平均水平。广州千人小学学位数为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">69.30，高于北京(40.36)、上海(32.66)，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在省会城市中排名第一，显示出广州对</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">于来穗人员子女入学的保障力度较大。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">此外，广州优质公共服务设施分布不均</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">衡的现象较为突出，如大部分优质教育</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">资源、50%以上三甲医院、58.4%的养</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">老床位集中在中心城区。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">6.评价结论</p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">从国内外较为公认的全球城市综合<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">排名看，广州的综合实力排名位于全球</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">主要城市的中上游水平( 表5)，总体而</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">言具备了建设成为更有影响力的全球城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市的基础和条件。从五大维度看，广州</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在经济实力、创新能力、交通枢纽、国</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">际交往和宜居水平方面既有突出的优势</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">也存在明显的短板，如何扬长补短成为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">广州未来综合实力提升的关键。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.4141844" data-w="705" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhqibq8PrRm1AwLicZYRYhsP1XjzaqIp47AEDqufTuSG64QBrVFLX9B2KMNug3ZibDsr016LQ0xwkw0g/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/uP53bE6AZiaz8q2yicuoC9kJCbGCvPV14IVWlhET1tWLVvv5oKsB5RjickWYmYUJ3zibNq5f7YOrUhYOOvCmZxHp2g/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="display: inline-block;border-radius: 1em;background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);padding: 0.3em 0.8em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">四</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">基于全球城市发展评估体系的</strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">实施评估机制构建思考</strong></p></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);padding: 10px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">本文对于全球城市理论和评价体系<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的研究，旨在为国内城市面向全球城市</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">发展提供多样化的视角，然而全球城市</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的名头和排名只是过程，并非目的。对</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市发展评估指标体系进行动态监测、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">体检和考核，及时发现城市发展的进步</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">与不足之处，并相应调整城市发展策略</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">可能才是明智之举。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）建立“动态+ 定期”的评估模式</p></section><section style="height: 2px;width: 100%;background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">根据规划实施和城市发展运行的特<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">征，可建立“日常监测、一年一体检、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">五年一评估”的城市发展评估模式。“日</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">常监测”可依托规划信息平台对日常行</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">政审批和建设项目进行动态跟踪和实时</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">监测，对违反规划管控要求的行为进行</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">及时预警；“一年一体检”重点是对城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市发展运行和规划实施情况进行全面体</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">检监测；“五年一评估”重点是对城市</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">发展和规划实施的阶段性情况进行综合</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">评估，作为城市发展战略和规划编制调</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">整的重要依据。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）探索“纵向+ 横向”的管控机制</p></section><section style="height: 2px;width: 100%;background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">按照各级政府权责一致的原则，将<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市发展指标体系进行分级管控，促进</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市发展和规划的有效实施。“纵向”</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">强化不同层级政府的监督考核，一方面</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">对于城市发展总体性、底线性内容应纳</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">入城市总体层面的规划，并上报国家和</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">省层面进行监督和实施；另一方面，城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市政府应将发展指标体系相应分解至各</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">区，明确责任目标并监督考核。“横向”</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">则强调不同职能部门间的协调分工，城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市政府应将发展指标体系依部门职权进</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">行分解，明确责任主体并监督考核。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（三）探索“智能+ 人工”的评估方法</p></section><section style="height: 2px;width: 100%;background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">随着信息化时代的深入发展，城市<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">发展不断加速，新情况、新问题不断涌现，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">传统的规划评估方法在数据的可获取性</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">和效率方面都面临巨大挑战。因此，可</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">探索“智能监测”和“人工评价”相结</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">合的评估方式。其中，“智能监测”指</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">依托规划信息平台，对空间性要素和指</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">标进行动态更新和自动比对，对于规划</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">实施情况进行智能评估和预警。“人工</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">评价”可由各级政府组织开展部门自评、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">第三方评估和公众满意度评价，综合形</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">成评估结果。</span></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/uP53bE6AZiaz8q2yicuoC9kJCbGCvPV14IVWlhET1tWLVvv5oKsB5RjickWYmYUJ3zibNq5f7YOrUhYOOvCmZxHp2g/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-bottom: -10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 6px;margin-left: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2px;margin: auto;height: 16px;background-color: rgb(17, 19, 22);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 6px;height: 6px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(17, 19, 22);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 20%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 6px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2px;margin: auto;height: 16px;background-color: rgb(17, 19, 22);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 6px;height: 6px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(17, 19, 22);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="transform: rotate(0deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);-moz-transform: rotate(0deg);-o-transform: rotate(0deg);margin-bottom: -5px;width: 5px;height: 5px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="border-left: 5px solid rgb(255, 222, 3);border-bottom: 5px solid rgb(255, 222, 3);border-top-color: rgb(255, 222, 3);border-right-color: rgb(255, 222, 3);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="background-color: rgb(214, 240, 252);padding: 10px 10px 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">五</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">结语</strong></p></section></section><section style="margin-left: auto;margin-top: -5px;width: 5px;height: 5px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(226, 226, 226);padding: 10px;box-shadow: rgb(226, 226, 226) 0px 16px 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">尽管面向全球视野的城市竞争也许<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">是城市发展的永恒主题，但全球城市可</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">能是一把双刃剑。正如萨森等学者指出</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的，成为全球城市往往要付出巨大的代</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">价，在成长为经济制高点的同时，城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市生活成本上升、老社区消失及通勤时</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">间过长等社会极化问题很难避免。因</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">此，广州未来在追求成为全球城市的同</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">时，应时刻牢记城市发展的初心是人。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">在强化硬实力的同时，高度重视软实力</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">的培育。越是在地的越是全球的。没有</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">良好的城市内部环境作为支撑，所谓的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">外部竞争力乃至全球竞争力也将失去根</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">基。与此同时，建立有效高效的城市发展</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">评估机制，对于及时掌握城市发展情况，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">适时调整城市发展战略具有重要意义。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/uP53bE6AZiaz8q2yicuoC9kJCbGCvPV14IVWlhET1tWLVvv5oKsB5RjickWYmYUJ3zibNq5f7YOrUhYOOvCmZxHp2g/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 5px;background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-color: white;padding: 10px;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">文章全文详见《规划师》2019年15期</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">《</strong>面向全球城市的广州发展评估体系构建研究<strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.45;box-sizing: border-box;">》</span></strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;vertical-align: top;border-style: solid;border-width: 2px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(181, 180, 180);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -5px 0% 5px;transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(252, 221, 93);padding: 5px;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="color: rgb(100, 100, 100);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">来源：2019年15期《规划师》杂志</strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 8px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(181, 180, 180);height: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(100, 100, 100);line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">新媒体编辑：刘晓莹</p></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;color: rgb(100, 100, 100);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">审读：杨一虹</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 100%;font-size: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-left: 24px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="float: left;margin-top: -1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254) !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 0px;height: 8px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);margin-left: 23px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 16px;margin-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 16px;height: 8px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;margin-top: -8px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);margin-top: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="float: right;margin-top: -1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254) !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> <section style="width: 0px;height: 8px;border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);margin-right: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 16px;margin-top: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 16px;height: 8px;border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;margin-top: -8px;margin-left: 8px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;margin-top: -1px;margin-left: 16px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 100%;margin: -12px 0px;padding: 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(227, 43, 107);box-sizing: border-box;">声明</span></strong></p><p style="text-align: left;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(132, 81, 21);box-sizing: border-box;">《规划师》杂志社微信公众订阅号（ID：）为非盈利新媒体平台，所有转发的非原创图文来源于互联网及新媒体渠道，如果所转发图文作者或其他版权所有人认为违反了您的权益，请告知我们，我们会在24小时内删除。</span></p></section></section><section style="width: 100%;margin-top: 1em;font-size: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="float: left;margin-top: -1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254) !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> <section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);margin-top: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 16px;margin-left: 8px;margin-top: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 16px;height: 8px;margin-top: -8px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="width: 0px;height: 8px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);margin-left: 23px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section> <section style="float: right;margin-top: -2px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254) !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;margin-bottom: 1px;margin-left: 16px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 16px;margin-top: -2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;margin-left: 8px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 16px;height: 8px;margin-top: -8px;margin-right: 18px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="width: 0px;height: 8px;border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);border-bottom-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="margin-top: -1px;margin-left: 24px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/uP53bE6AZiaz8q2yicuoC9kJCbGCvPV14IVWlhET1tWLVvv5oKsB5RjickWYmYUJ3zibNq5f7YOrUhYOOvCmZxHp2g/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 8px 0% 0px;text-align: left;transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="background-color: rgb(197, 36, 36);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">《规划师》近期文章推荐（点击蓝字可查看原文）</p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">【规划师论坛1】从“互联互通”到“直连直通”——新型城镇化背景下枢纽与城市空间的耦合关系研究<br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">【规划师论坛2】完整出行链视角下的“直连直通”城乡公交体系规划策略<br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">【规划师论坛3】城乡公交一体化建设的实施困境与应对策略<br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">【规划师论坛4】城乡公交一体化的衔接模式与规划策略<br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">【规划师论坛5】广州轨道交通站点公交一体化衔接规划设计实例</p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/uP53bE6AZiaz8q2yicuoC9kJCbGCvPV14IVWlhET1tWLVvv5oKsB5RjickWYmYUJ3zibNq5f7YOrUhYOOvCmZxHp2g/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="height: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 100%;width: 24px;float: left;border-top: 6px solid rgb(21, 103, 167);border-left: 6px solid rgb(21, 103, 167);border-right-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);border-bottom-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="height: 100%;width: 24px;float: right;border-top: 6px solid rgb(21, 103, 167);border-right: 6px solid rgb(21, 103, 167);border-bottom-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);border-left-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="display: inline-block;color: transparent;clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);border-radius: 6px;overflow-wrap: break-word;box-sizing: border-box;margin: -13px 3px;padding: 12px;"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;font-size: 13px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 80%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.605042" data-w="357" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0miabP2tDO38HoHornnUwEroYPZTWcsMKalNhD3G5VrxLohlN6B2jLzCGiaUG327QAnOUXSfAX5Q1s1w/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 8px 0% 0px;text-align: left;transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="background-color: rgb(197, 36, 36);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">《规划师》杂志社                                    </p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(117, 114, 114);letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 2px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">地址：广西南宁市青秀区月湾路1号南国弈园6楼</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">邮编：530029</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">邮箱：planner@21cn.net</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">网址：www.planners.com.cn</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">电话：0771-2438012</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">传真：0771-2436269</p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 80%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.8518519" data-w="837" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0miabP2tDO38HoHornnUwEroYCaYIp7u6XibS8qP01TdwkO1miabPFoAXZJictOVJj4tCF1DXf5sjH7qhw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section><section style="height: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 100%;width: 24px;float: left;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(21, 103, 167);border-left: 6px solid rgb(21, 103, 167);border-top-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);border-right-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="height: 100%;width: 24px;float: right;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(21, 103, 167);border-right: 6px solid rgb(21, 103, 167);border-top-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);border-left-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section>
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