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<section class="xmteditor" style="display:none;" data-tools="gulangu" data-label="powered by gulangu"></section><section style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);min-height: 1em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img class="rich_pages __bg_gif" data-backh="96" data-backw="400" data-before-oversubscription-url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/JARNncAyohbOMAS9G0uAeibrAmbQmLT6pLTdBiaJiadER0KB145KfWP3d5xLy0fGs94sZAHqDJhfZNDtnvCamcjfA/?wx_fmt=gif" data-copyright="0" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="654" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="157" data-ratio="0.2378716744913928" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/JARNncAyohbOMAS9G0uAeibrAmbQmLT6p67KeOpamoyOeKsZQRNSArXfjlGVicJ2eX96Ye7ibjNAHCet3T09u9HvQ/640?wx_fmt=gif" data-type="gif" data-w="639" style="font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica 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style="margin-bottom: -20px;max-width: 100%;display: inline-block;width: 30px;height: 30px;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgba(151, 228, 249, 0.7);box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="margin-bottom: -20px;margin-left: -3px;max-width: 100%;display: inline-block;width: 30px;height: 30px;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgba(175, 178, 249, 0.7);box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section data-width="100%" style="padding: 10px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;width: 667px;vertical-align: top;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(13, 10, 10);border-radius: 5px;overflow: hidden;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 1em 0.8em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;letter-spacing: 1.5px;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.75em;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;line-height: 2em;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;line-height: 2em;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></p><section style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">全文共</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">7994</span></strong><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">字，阅读大约需要<span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">21</strong></span>分钟</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section><section style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;line-height: 2em;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br  /></section><section style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"></span><span style="font-size: 15px;">城市CAZ（中央活力区）作为城市中最具活力的复合型空间，人群密集、用地多元、活动多样。水岸地带则依托其独特的生态资源和公共景观特质，成为最具吸引力的居民聚集地和彰显城市文化与地域特色的场所，十九大提出加快生态文明体制改革，城市水岸地带必将成为空间规划的焦点领域之一。当城市CAZ与水岸地带在同一空间中发生交叠，如何塑造其复杂多元的空间便成为了必然之趋。</span></section><section style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><section style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">本文通过功能空间和行为需求分析，提炼出“港湾式”与“两岸式”两种CAZ水岸空间组织模式，进而总结其空间营造的5大准则，由此构建CAZ水岸地带空间营造指标评价体系，并对作为国际级CAZ地区-广州珠江新城的水岸空间进行综合评析，探究其未来应重点优化的方向，对类似CAZ水岸地带的空间营造提供有益借鉴。</span></section><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;line-height: 2em;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></p></section></section><section style="margin-right: 10px;max-width: 100%;display: flex;justify-content: flex-end;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-top: -20px;margin-bottom: 10px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 1;transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-bottom: -20px;max-width: 100%;display: inline-block;width: 30px;height: 30px;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgba(151, 228, 249, 0.7);box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="margin-bottom: -20px;margin-left: -3px;max-width: 100%;display: inline-block;width: 30px;height: 30px;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgba(175, 178, 249, 0.7);box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section></section></section></section></section><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: right;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br  /></p><section style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);min-height: 1em;text-align: right;line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">撰文 | 规划设计五所 邢谷锐 伊曼璐</strong></span></section><section style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);min-height: 1em;text-align: right;line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">特别鸣谢 | 规划设计三所 周嘉礼</strong></span></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;"><section style="text-align: left;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 30px;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding-right: 5px;padding-left: 50px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% -55px;transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: 80px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;padding-left: 11px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/JARNncAyohZsX14YQ6bdTmx6OGKaKynOHohchNOpkl84FPQaYjibH5Dhib4sWxSiao5UB65KKoRhGhsSo58ttKibDQ/640?wx_fmt=gif");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 25px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><section style="transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding-top: 3px;padding-bottom: 3px;border-width: 1px 1px 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none dashed;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotate(0deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);-moz-transform: rotate(0deg);-o-transform: rotate(0deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(55, 80, 114);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市CAZ水岸地带</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;background-color: rgb(2, 30, 170);">研究背景</span></strong></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">经济全球化带来的城市之间的竞争，迫使城市的经济结构实现动态的多元化以保持竞争力，发达地区的城市通过完善中心区的公共服务、增加公共空间、充分利用滨水地带的价值进行开发等[1]，以提高城市在区域乃至国际中的竞争力。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">同时，城市活力地区是城市文化和现代魅力的突出体现，城市依水而生、因水而兴，水岸地带既是城市发展的起源地也是城市发展最具活力的聚居区域，但在城市发展过程中普遍出现不同程度的生态环境破坏、功能布局不合理、空间品质不高以及空间环境不友好等问题，加上混合的多种功能在规划和实施过程中控制的难度[1]，对城市功能和空间品质带来了诸多不利的影响。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">与此同时，城市水岸地带人群最密集、功能最为高端复合，而且最具驱动力和创造力，做好城市活力地区水岸地带的空间营造，对于城市空间改造和功能提升，具有至关重要的作用。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;background-color: rgb(2, 30, 170);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">概念解析和范围界定</span></strong></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">（1）CAZ（中央活力区）</span></strong></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">CAZ（Central Activity Zone）概念源于2004年编制的《大伦敦空间发展战略规划》，是指位于城市中心或副中心，提供多种活动的组合空间区域，包括政府行政中心，现代服务中心（金融、贸易、法律等），商业文化设施中心（购物中心、博物馆、美术馆、音乐厅等），以及具有多种活动、各种档次的居住中心等。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">从事商务信息、创意产业等职业人在核心区内的居住活动，成为CAZ发展的基础[1]。CAZ的特征表现为多元化与复杂性，包括多类型空间复合、多功能用地渗透、多方面活动区域、多类别消费人群，以及在这些多重关系下隐藏的多种社会需求与社会矛盾（表1）。近年来，我国对CAZ地区或滨水地区进行了若干的理论整理和案例研究，包括上海虹桥商务区[2]、南京河西CAZ[3]等地区的研究，对滨水空间[4] [6]、滨水RBD[5]、港城滨水区[7]、外滩滨江公园[8]的研究，但对CAZ地区与城市水岸地带空间交汇的互动关系还有待探讨深化，然而在现实的城市空间当中，这样的情况并不鲜见。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">表1：CAZ中央活力区特征总结</span></section><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.27845884413309985" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohZsX14YQ6bdTmx6OGKaKynOulzOjJOGkPBP5Zf7lolNjFaiaXvibXDia9gk7ib7sFHiaoR823g2HykXCdA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="571" style=""></p><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><br  /><span style="font-size: 15px;"></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">（2）CAZ水岸地带范围界定</span></strong></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">为充分研究CAZ地区与水岸地带的空间组织及功能互动关系，本文所探讨的水岸地带范围主要集中于沿着城市CAZ的滨河、滨湖或滨海地带两侧（或单侧）1km之内的范围。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;background-color: rgb(2, 30, 170);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">CAZ水岸地带的功能嬗变</span></strong></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">城市水岸地带的发展，伴随于社会生产力和发展阶段的不同而演变更迭。农业时代的城市水岸地带，是农业贸易运输的主要依托，滨水兴则农业旺，水岸地带的运输功能与农业生产生活功能相混合，是城市贸易中心与文化中心；工业时代前期，工厂依托水岸便利的交通条件沿岸布局，水岸地带推动了城市工业化，沿岸的产业、交通功能强化，居住功能弱化，是城市的货物生产集中地和集散中转地；工业时代中后期，汽车、铁路、航空等交通的发展导致港口运输功能弱化，水岸地带的生产功能减弱，同时污染严重，成为了城市居民不愿接近的厌恶性场所之一；后工业化时期，制造业经济逐步转向信息、服务业，创意经济兴起，人们更加关注生活和环境，水岸地带也开始孕育出新的功能与活力，成为了最具生态品质、生活活力甚至最具有地域特色和创造力的城市地区。</span><span style="font-size: 15px;">时代环境和经济社会条件的变化，必然导致空间功能的转变。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">当前，水岸地带主要呈现出三大特征及需求：一是休闲时代的到来导致人们休闲消费和休闲时间的比例不断上升，出行休闲消费成为拉动经济增长的重要动力，并从传统的风景名胜旅游转向城市内部活力空间的体验式消费，CAZ水岸地带将为城市中高端人群的体验式消费带来高品质的空间载体；二是电子商务时代改变了传统的购物方式，当电子商务扼杀了人们的出行商店购物需求，优质公共空间的供给成为满足市民外出活动和健康出行的必然要求，CAZ水岸地带由于具备多元化优质空间和复合功能而备受青睐；三是水岸地带是重要的城市公共活动空间承载。公共空间担负生态、文化、景观、保护等多重功能，是承载各种公共活动、社会生活服务的外部空间场所 [9]；同时全民健身时代城市马拉松、跑友和广场舞等户外建设活动的兴起，CAZ水岸地带因其独特而优质的场所特性而吸引大量人群汇聚。</span></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;"><section style="text-align: left;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 30px;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding-right: 5px;padding-left: 50px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% -55px;transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: 80px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;padding-left: 11px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/JARNncAyohZsX14YQ6bdTmx6OGKaKynOHohchNOpkl84FPQaYjibH5Dhib4sWxSiao5UB65KKoRhGhsSo58ttKibDQ/640?wx_fmt=gif");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 25px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">二<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><section style="transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding-top: 3px;padding-bottom: 3px;border-width: 1px 1px 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none dashed;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotate(0deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);-moz-transform: rotate(0deg);-o-transform: rotate(0deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(55, 80, 114);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"> CAZ水岸地带典型案例解析</span></strong></span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;background-color: rgb(2, 30, 170);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">案例选择</span></strong></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">本研究选取了美国巴尔第摩内港区、悉尼达令港区、澳大利亚布里斯班南岸和英国泰晤士河岸等多个世界知名的CAZ水岸地带，通过充分解析典型水岸地带的用地布局、公共空间、交通空间等，结合空间组织分析，归纳提炼其空间布局模式及其不同的内在特征。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;background-color: rgb(2, 30, 170);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">空间解析</span></strong></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">截取四大CAZ水岸地带的高清航拍影像图，结合水陆关系探讨由水面向岸边进深不小于200-500m范围内用地，局部地区进深达到1km，提取该范围内的用地功能、交通流线、公共空间布局等，分析其空间及交通组织规律，以及与水岸的空间关系（表2）。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">表2：四大CAZ水岸地带空间组织对比分析一览</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;white-space: pre;"></span></section><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.9557522123893806" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohZsX14YQ6bdTmx6OGKaKynOT67ef0OI3kBxNAdibOAGegfVyA1Yp3lIAX8TsHeavM6cdsv5FyKmqyw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="565" style=""></p><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">将上述各功能图斑进行分类提取与抽象处理，绘制出CAZ水岸地带功能组织的四大空间模式图（图1）。可以看出，巴尔地摩港区和达令港区呈现“放射式”拓展，布里斯班南岸和英国泰晤士河地区呈“平行式”排布。而且，无论是放射式还是平行式，都有相应的递进关系和组织规律，越是靠近水岸的圈层（或条带），越强调公共空间的开敞性与参与性，越是远离水岸的圈层，则越是注重城市功能的复合性与展示性。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.26654740608228983" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohZsX14YQ6bdTmx6OGKaKynOCYbllExTquS5oo6ndaHNOiaSvaibiaDNpNq6T0ohicPCq39HPWJPI7jGcw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="559" style=""></p><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">图1 四大CAZ水岸地带空间模式图</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">（从左至右依次为：巴尔地摩港区、达令港区、布里斯班南岸、泰晤士河地区）</span></section><p><br  /></p><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;background-color: rgb(2, 30, 170);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">空间布局模式及借鉴</span></strong></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">通过案例分析，总结出CAZ水岸地带最具典型性的两种空间布局模式：即“环状圈层式”和“两岸平行式”。前者一般以圆弧形或环状的滨水区域为依托，环绕于滨水界面呈现“圈层拓展”式的空间形态；后者则依托水岸两侧平行发展、带状延伸的空间形态。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">“环状圈层式”体现为“三圈层式”的空间布局特点：第一为“亲水体验圈层”，注重亲水平台、广场绿化等公共活动空间的布置，为游览人群提供良好亲水性，并注重原生态的铺地为城市安全提供良好的渗水性，如巴尔的摩港区在紧邻岸线处布置了公园（West Shore Park）、沙滩排球场（Rash Field）以及体育中心（Baltimore Beach），为市民提供了良好的滨水运动场所（图2左）；第二为“文化展示圈层”，强调对外性，聚集了博物馆、展览馆、演艺中心、艺术馆、美术馆等体现城市文化特色、展现城市历史的文化设施，并适当设置开放式的娱乐、餐饮等活动，为游客带来就近休闲的公共服务，如悉尼达令港区在亲水广场和滨水步道的外围，布置了“悉尼文化展示圈”：包括海事博物馆（Australian National Maritime Museum）、悉尼杜莎夫人蜡像馆和海洋生物水族馆（Sea Life Sydney Aquarium）等大型公服设施，并配套各类海鲜馆、快餐店和冰淇淋店等餐饮设施，让游客在滨水沿岸充分感受城市的历史文化与美食特色（图2右）；第三为“综合服务圈层”，体现为城市综合性和功能过渡性，主要布局城市会展、办公配套、商住或居住等功能，即为本地区居民服务，也是内陆与水岸地带的功能过渡和转接地带（图4左）。值得注意的是，第二圈层与第三圈层是CAZ地区多元化产业集聚的重要承载体。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">各产业在此相互呼应、互为补充，为各群体提供不同环节的服务项目，形成各自产业链条的延伸，进而共同提高CAZ的区域竞争力[1]。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.30604982206405695" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohZsX14YQ6bdTmx6OGKaKynOc1MwqLkSANZPicJiauMo3ibVsNBAOOFFhRXGkGUBXopKo7Qf05tIhPqsw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="562" style=""></p><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">图2 巴尔地摩港体育中心（左图）与达令港海事博物馆（右图）</span></section><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.3217550274223035" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohZsX14YQ6bdTmx6OGKaKynOZw2NAeSqRh18tZDYSkC5eic2H0E3GLXLLI5ewyObhzPmtKiavOYEyEVw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="547" style=""></p><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 12px;">图3 布里斯班南岸公园（左图）与北岸景观（右图）</span></section><p><br  /></p><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">“两岸平行式”布局亦普遍呈现出与“环状圈层式”类似的三个功能带（区），最接近水岸的区域更多体现生态开敞和亲水性，第二功能带体现公共展示和互动性，再外围更多的是综合大型的公共服务设施。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">但由于两种空间形态的差异性，两种模式的功能空间并不尽相同，“两岸平行式”结合城市功能的需要，往往把上述功能在水岸两侧进行协同布局，以更加体现两岸之间的差异性和互动性（图4右）。布里斯班城市中心区滨水的南北两岸，城市功能的区分及其互补性就是典型的说明（图3），其南岸公园内有大量的海滩、树林、草地，以及一条河滨步道，市民可在此骑行野餐、烧烤露营，公园外围布置了画廊、图书馆、文化中心、博物馆、演艺中心等公服设施，南岸扮演的是第一、二功能带的角色；北岸沿线则更为注重城市交通与综合服务功能的布置，更多扮演着第三功能带的角色。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"> </span></section><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.46828358208955223" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohZsX14YQ6bdTmx6OGKaKynOibkAM6n69sUZJKSIRHP6z9fRez6dyvfHMia0NV9kibGOcSkI0ydg48Fcg/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="536" style=""></p><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">    </span><br  /></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">图4基于多案例分析的水岸CAZ空间模式提取</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">（左图：“环状圈层式”功能布局；右图：“两岸平行式”功能布局）</span></section><p><br  /></p><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">公共空间营造方面，无论是“环状圈层式”还是“两岸平行式”，都应遵循越靠近水体的地带，越应注重营造开敞空间和预留公共绿地，保证水岸生态及空间环境品质的渗透性。（图5）。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.2690972222222222" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohZsX14YQ6bdTmx6OGKaKynOfKYuLBU5Vr4Kh7X3MUJ9G7lIHFnXs5ygaVl9fSFTQRCCq2ibeloLn0g/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="576" style=""></p><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">图5 两种模式的CAZ水岸公共空间营造分析</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">（左图：“环状圈层式”公共空间；右图：“两岸平行式”公共空间）</span></section><p><br  /></p><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">交通组织方面，两种布局模式都需要加强快慢线交通的结合和游览线路的通畅性。城市大运量公交（包括城际轻轨等）应布置在距离水岸地带相对较远的大型公共区域，利于人群集散和商业价值开发，水岸地带注重慢行交通打造，保证滨水地带的交通慢行和非机动化，并注重快慢交通的紧密衔接；城市主干道与滨水区域保持一定的距离，尽量避免从水岸地带直接穿越而过；以旅游观光为主的城市轻轨线则应尽量靠近第一圈层/功能带的公共区域，但应避免对公共景观空间造成不利影响（图6）。如巴尔地摩港区以水面为中心，由内到外依次布置亲水观光慢行线、城市公交线、地铁线和城市轻轨。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"> </span></section><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.3234782608695652" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohZsX14YQ6bdTmx6OGKaKynObseDMqE0JUlVZap1mlORmReFuA7oxvl9kHs9PeCBr64yiaDj3sWnnKw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="575" style=""></p><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"> </span><br  /></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">图6 两种模式的CAZ水岸交通组织模式</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">（左图：“环状圈层式”交通组织；右图：“两岸平行式”交通组织）</span></section><p><br  /></p><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">两种布局模式在CAZ水岸地带空间营造中，存在着一定的差异性。首先是空间组织关系上，“环状圈层式”的空间布局具有向心性，开敞空间和建筑设计都应注重与环形水面的关系，在视觉空间上注意中心视域的形成；“两岸平行式”则注重两岸之间的功能条带关系，更为强调两岸的轴线空间和差异性的节点分布（图7之右图）。如布里斯班南北岸、广州珠江新城CAZ珠江两岸等。其次是景观视线组织上，“环状圈层式”的空间对景主要发生在同一圈层，如第一圈层开敞空间的“虚景”对“虚景”较多，需借助第二圈层的实体建筑景观弥补“虚景”的视线空旷感；而“两岸平行式”对景则容易发生在水岸两侧的不同条带上，因此，为避免景观视线构成的单一均质化，往往通过营造多样化的错落有致的两岸景观得以实现（图8）。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">值得注意的是，CAZ水岸空间布局模式及其相关特征，是由该地区多层次和多元化的功能构成、以及人们行为需求的不同导向所决定的。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.5523465703971119" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohZsX14YQ6bdTmx6OGKaKynOXE4ALVYJAvrCVREfIE5QU8xmar8rUOLzEOGpZ8N4FRkhOYwALys2nw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="554" style=""></p><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">图7 CAZ水岸地带空间组织关系对比</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">（左图：“环状圈层式”；右图：“两岸平行式”）</span></section><p><br  /></p><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.5054945054945055" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohZsX14YQ6bdTmx6OGKaKynObmtqlXl9AN4wS5C6XQpiaVnicdiaywHKaoEXInWEBNcQhyYwCiabmsy5UA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="546" style=""></p><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">图8 CAZ水岸地带景观视线组织对比</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">（左图：“环状圈层式”；右图：“两岸平行式”）</span></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;"><section style="text-align: left;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 30px;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding-right: 5px;padding-left: 50px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% -55px;transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: 80px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;padding-left: 11px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/JARNncAyohZsX14YQ6bdTmx6OGKaKynOHohchNOpkl84FPQaYjibH5Dhib4sWxSiao5UB65KKoRhGhsSo58ttKibDQ/640?wx_fmt=gif");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 25px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong>三</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><section style="transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding-top: 3px;padding-bottom: 3px;border-width: 1px 1px 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none dashed;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotate(0deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);-moz-transform: rotate(0deg);-o-transform: rotate(0deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(55, 80, 114);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;">CAZ水岸地带空间营造和指标评价体系构建</span></strong></span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">基于上述分析总结，笔者归纳总结出了CAZ水岸地带空间品质的5大核心特性：安全性、可达性、舒适性、互动性、文化性，5大特性也体现了CAZ水岸地带及城市、居民的从基础到高级的多元化的价值与需求。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;background-color: rgb(2, 30, 170);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> CAZ水岸的“五性”营造</span></strong></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">以“五大特性”为空间价值框架，打造CAZ水岸地带高品质城市空间。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">（1）水岸安全性</span></strong></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">安全性是CAZ水岸地带的最基本需求，是决定水岸地带能够具备基本保障和长续发展的前提条件。安全性需求包括生态安全、近水安全与防洪安全。具体要求详见表4，下同。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">（2）水岸可达性</span></strong></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">可达性是CAZ水岸地带的路径保障，是能够实现水岸地带的方便可进入性，是水岸与城市及居民交流融入的基础。可达性需求包括交通可达与视线可达。其中视线可达指在通往水岸途中的视觉体验良好，并设置有标志性的景观或构筑物予以引导。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">（3）水岸舒适性</span></strong></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">舒适性是CAZ水岸地带的内在品质需求，包括生理舒适和心理舒适，通过空间尺度适宜、设施完善、连续感与亲水性强等方面予以实现。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">（4）水岸互动性</span></strong></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">互动性是CAZ水岸地带的交流需求，增强人置身于水岸地带的体验感与参与度。互动性需求包括功能复合度、戏水性、开放度与趣味性等方面。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">（5）水岸文化性</span></strong></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">文化性是CAZ水岸地带的高层级需求，是展现城市文化特色和创新的承载，也是未来CAZ水岸地带需要重点体现和打造的品质。文化性需求可包括城市风貌体现、地域文化彰显和生活气息营造。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;background-color: rgb(2, 30, 170);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">空间营造指标评价体系构建</span></strong></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">（1）指标评价体系的层次</span></strong></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">CAZ水岸地带空间营造指标评价体系分为3级层次：一级基础层、二级类别层和三级要素层。基础层对应CAZ水岸地带空间营造品质的5大核心特性，类别层为针对每个基础层划分的评判种类，要素层则是对每个种类进行具体要素划分，进而结合相关标准要求对每个要素进行若干量化的评价。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">（2）构建指标评价体系</span></strong></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">结合前述研究，在“五性”框架指标的基础上进行细化、分解和相应评价，从而构建CAZ水岸地带空间营造的评价指标体系（表4，图9）。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">表4：CAZ水岸地带“五性”空间营造指标评价体系构建一览</span></section><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="1.5631469979296067" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohZsX14YQ6bdTmx6OGKaKynOtia6sRicHnMgPT4MuAZA0UVoUvl5udnfjGJfJmbaanBZ4VYSB52bibPFQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="483" style=""></p><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="1.6213991769547325" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohZsX14YQ6bdTmx6OGKaKynOu9x3cQiaOaLxcRpSnTzx6QtC0TOPysmrBSfSLiaicibkj6Tz4Icr6KrWtw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="486" style=""></p><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.5623721881390593" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohZsX14YQ6bdTmx6OGKaKynOlLSel6AFZREx35M6kT5qibavJrOsaT2asPeeExpcQhbxJyPLrLsA4Ew/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="489" style=""></p><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.5192697768762677" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohZsX14YQ6bdTmx6OGKaKynOwKVRNM25A6hDKxD9cBGCpSaj7QG0wI8bt8pfyciaLMKWOMlGriaVOYfA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="493" style=""></p><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">图9 评价体系的指标内容构成简图</span></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;"><section style="text-align: left;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 30px;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding-right: 5px;padding-left: 50px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% -55px;transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: 80px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;padding-left: 11px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/JARNncAyohZsX14YQ6bdTmx6OGKaKynOHohchNOpkl84FPQaYjibH5Dhib4sWxSiao5UB65KKoRhGhsSo58ttKibDQ/640?wx_fmt=gif");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 25px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">四</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><section style="transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding-top: 3px;padding-bottom: 3px;border-width: 1px 1px 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none dashed;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotate(0deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);-moz-transform: rotate(0deg);-o-transform: rotate(0deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(55, 80, 114);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;">珠江新城水岸地带空间营造评价及优化建议</span></strong></span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">结合上述评价体系，笔者尝试对广州市珠江新城水岸地带进行相应评析，并对其空间品质提升提出相应的优化建议。珠江新城是广州中心商务区的组成部分，也是三大国家级中央商务区之一。规划用地总面积6.44平方公里，核心地区约1平方公里，规划可容纳18万居住人口，提供30万个就业岗位。是广州最具有活力的CAZ，承担着广州总部经济核心的功能和地位（图10、11）。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><br  /></section><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.3384279475982533" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohZsX14YQ6bdTmx6OGKaKynOVeuYxib1kCgqlmVyGm5jjcrq8srPTQq2oKLQDX6piaZhpev1tEWIpicHA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="458" style=""></p><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">图10 珠江新城水岸地带现状场景图</span><br  /></section><p><br  /></p><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.38427947598253276" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohZsX14YQ6bdTmx6OGKaKynOm4rnicSwVJ496rCwcojKicBCib7lVkdq4bPIJN4nc5NIdWZhOsg75FaPg/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="458" style=""></p><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">图11 珠江新城水岸地带空间示意图<br  /></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">（左图：地上空间；右图：地下空间）</span></section><p><br  /></p><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;background-color: rgb(2, 30, 170);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">基于“五性”指标体系的空间品质简要评价</span></strong></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">珠江新城位于珠江水岸北翼，整体贴近于水岸，以花城广场为中轴线的核心区域与珠江走向呈垂直关系。珠江新城是广州市核心CBD，也是珠三角为数不多的国际级CAZ所在地。其中珠江北岸地区紧邻广州代表性的公共建筑广州大剧院、广东省博物馆以及亚运会展馆等，南岸地区则紧邻广州地标建筑广州塔，并在珠江南岸设置有观光轻轨。水岸地带功能多元复合，人群集聚度高，商务服务、创意产业和公共设施要素密集。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">基于上述CAZ水岸地带空间营造指标体系，结合多次实地走访与问卷调研分析，本次研究对珠江新城水岸地带空间营造进行了相应评价（表5）。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">表5：珠江新城水岸地带空间营造评价明细</span></section><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="1.397489539748954" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohZsX14YQ6bdTmx6OGKaKynORK3a1FlPlGJJ98jhvyoOjVLkicibmXJZFAUhDXPxMeUXRIYdRAu9CgGg/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="478" style=""></p><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">经指标体系评价和不完全统计，珠江新城的“安全性”得分为11分（得分率78.6%）、“可达性”18分（得分率72.0%）、“舒适性”13分（得分率48.1%）、“互动性”12分（得分率54.5%），“文化性”7分（得分率58.3%）。由此可见，珠江新城水岸地带的安全性、可达性相对较好，文化性次之，舒适性和互动性较弱，还有待提升。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">整体而言，在水岸安全性方面，沿岸分两级建设防护堤岸，并在局部地区设闸，为众多人群的活动提供了良好的安全保障。从水岸地区的尺度来看，整个地区平均街廓尺度约为150m×300m，局部250-300m不等，街巷密度约12km/km2，是较为适宜的街巷空间尺度（图12左）；同时在7条垂直路径上分别设置了地铁线、APM线和公交线（图12右），核心区配套地下车库，较好的满足市民通向水岸地带的多元化出行需求，具有较强的外部可达性。珠江水质良好，生态景观良好，并在滨水地区融入一些具有岭南特色的城市雕塑与地方民俗文化，如举办广州花卉节、灯光节等重大节日，是广州市重要的现代文化展示窗口。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.2799145299145299" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohZsX14YQ6bdTmx6OGKaKynOicaOFxt52X7XzpFDictH3mGx5Aeu494RIXniarFFGT4uib6mnDEG4vP5zA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="468" style=""></p><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">图12：珠江新城水岸地带街巷密度与交通方式调研</span><br  /></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"><br  /></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;background-color: rgb(2, 30, 170);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">改善珠江新城水岸地带空间品质的主要建议</span></strong></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">（1）打通通向水岸的垂直交通和配套高架观光线以提升水岸地带的可达性</span></strong></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">现状通向水岸地带的垂直交通因受临江大道双层下穿隧道的影响，导致多条垂直慢行路径被打断，大部分人流、车流只能依靠中轴线平台才到达水岸（图13左），而且下沉式设计的APM线牺牲了乘客良好的景观视线（图13右）。因此，未来珠江新城应适当打通至水岸地带的垂直步行交通，以增强珠江水岸的可达性；同时尝试配套高架观光游览线，串联起滨江景观与内陆地区的主要景点，改善游客在通行过程中的景观视线，提升视觉可达性。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"> </span></section><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.31223628691983124" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohZsX14YQ6bdTmx6OGKaKynOP0vuEwY8Uwiaib6ZyJJTrVRb80FqULhkSdtlK3rmNromFibsia3QRUOv3A/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="474" style=""></p><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">图13：珠江新城水岸地带可达性调研</span><br  /></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"><br  /></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">（2）设置多元化的通行路径和亲水活动场地以提升水岸地带的舒适性</span></strong></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">从现状建成空间来看，珠江新城水岸地带岸线利用率不高，影响了水岸活动的亲水性。珠江的江心洲—海心沙公园将550m宽的珠江主河道分为300m宽和不足50m宽的水道，形成了亲水品质和景观截然不同的两个界面（图14左），同时受到通行可达性的影响，大部分人群只能聚集在亲水景观一般的岸线上，亲水景观较好的岸线因缺乏活动场所和活动项目的支撑而导致人气不足、水岸舒适度大打折扣（图14右）。因此，建议珠江新城水岸利用需进一步提升海心沙南部良好滨水界面的可达性，并针对性配套多元化的亲水活动场地。</span></section><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.2669491525423729" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohZsX14YQ6bdTmx6OGKaKynOo85pEQWEGYNIuj2rFgIsBEiaL5HGrK2VicbZRAcoFFmCILa61qSCoQ9A/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="472" style=""></p><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">图14：珠江新城水岸地带舒适性调研</span><br  /></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"><br  /></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">（3）设置丰富的滨水户外活动场所以提升水岸地带的人气及互动性</span></strong></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">通过分析珠江新城水岸地带的功能布局可以看到，珠江新城的大型公建设施配套较为完善，但趣味型、参与度高的户外设施项目依然较为缺乏，高度密集人群的活动选择性依然有限。与此同时，CAZ的主要功能远离滨水岸线，真正的水岸地带因缺乏设施和活动支撑而极其缺少互动性。因此，未来珠江新城需进一步丰富滨水岸线的功能配置，营造更加亲水的活动场所和更加多元的娱乐设施，以聚集更高的人气，提升市民与水岸的互动性（图15）。</span></section><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.3686440677966102" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohZsX14YQ6bdTmx6OGKaKynOhJIg4LYWsV2BChIXmDh8TiauBOWNMMGxvwhPUibibhRtzzR7NfX3hZbdw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="472" style=""><span style="font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: justify;"> </span></p><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">图15：珠江新城水岸地带功能分布</span></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;"><section style="text-align: left;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 30px;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding-right: 5px;padding-left: 50px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% -55px;transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: 80px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;padding-left: 11px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/JARNncAyohZsX14YQ6bdTmx6OGKaKynOHohchNOpkl84FPQaYjibH5Dhib4sWxSiao5UB65KKoRhGhsSo58ttKibDQ/640?wx_fmt=gif");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 25px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">五</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><section style="transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding-top: 3px;padding-bottom: 3px;border-width: 1px 1px 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none dashed;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotate(0deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);-moz-transform: rotate(0deg);-o-transform: rotate(0deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(55, 80, 114);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong>小结</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">本次研究在CAZ水岸地带空间布局模式整理的基础上，逐层探索背后影响空间品质的场所“特性”，不断明晰影响水岸空间品质的关键因素和具体要素，结合研究地区空间需求和城市活动特征等，总结提炼CAZ水岸地带所应具备的五个关键特性（安全性、可达性、舒适性、互动性、文化性），并对每个特性进行系统性的空间及功能解析，进而构建特定地带营造的指标体系，以期能够引导CAZ水岸地带空间的营造及其改善，并进而对颇受关注的国际级CAZ——广州珠江新城水岸地带进行系统指标评价和重点问题解析，并探究和提出其未来应重点优化提升的相关建议。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">我国城市正逐步跨入“存量更新”的规划时期，在工业化时期以生产、商业功能为导向的水岸地区发展正面临转型和提升，关注和探讨城市CAZ水岸地带的空间营造，有利于引导推动城市功能优化和空间环境改善。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;font-size: 16px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 10px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;width: 677px;vertical-align: top;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(24, 54, 118);word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="gulangu" style="margin-top: -30px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 24px;color: rgb(108, 139, 156);word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><em style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">参考文献</strong></em></span></p></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;transform: rotate(0deg);word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(108, 139, 156);line-height: 1.8;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;line-height: 2em;word-wrap: break-word !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></p><section style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);line-height: 2em;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></section><section style="white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">[1] 张庭伟,王兰. 从CBD到CAZ：城市多元经济发展的空间需求与规划[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社.2010</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">[2]中央活动区（CAZ）的理论构建与上海实践——以虹桥商务区为例[M].上海师范大学硕士学位论文.2013</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">[3]程茂吉. 打造南京河西中央活动区（CAZ）的对策建议[J]. 现代城市研究, 2008(9):65-70</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">[4] 张目. 1843年以来黄浦江滨水空间变迁与产业发展机制的关系——基于城市滨水空间的双重组织机制研究[J]. 城市规划学刊,2012(05):11-20</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">[5] 张环宙,吴茂英,沈旭炜. 城市滨水RBD开发研究：让滨水回归生活[J]. 经济地理, 2013(06):73-78</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">[6] 李建伟. 城市滨水空间的发展历程[J]. 城市问题,2010(10):29-33 </span></section><section style="white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">[7] 王海壮,栾维新. 国外港城滨水区再开发研究进展与启示[J]. 地域研究与开发, 2014(08):13-18</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">[8] 尚维,杨春侠. 基于行为的城市滨水开放空间设计研究——以上海市别外滩滨江公园为例[J]. 住区研究,2013(10):116-122</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">[9] 魏刚,朱子瑜. 浅析澳门半岛公共空间的改善策略[J]. 城市规划,2014(03):64-69</span></section></section></section></section></section><section 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