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<p><img class="__bg_gif " data-ratio="0.2109375" data-type="gif" data-w="640" data-backw="532" data-backh="112" data-before-oversubscription-url="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/JARNncAyohYecA1kNp2h9iao3UF5x322o1mvqQzyFQMwNyVvibgAoYsP8mQ3mQEb1MZ2q7EpPapEZWzViaFj076oA/640?wx_fmt=gif" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/JARNncAyohYecA1kNp2h9iao3UF5x322o1mvqQzyFQMwNyVvibgAoYsP8mQ3mQEb1MZ2q7EpPapEZWzViaFj076oA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="padding: 4px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 15px;text-align: center;widows: 1;line-height: 27.2px;vertical-align: middle;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: 677px !important;"  /></p><p><audio style="width:100%" src="https://res.wx.qq.com/voice/getvoice?mediaid=MzU2MzAwODQ4N18yMjQ3NDg3NDI3" controls="controls"></audio></p><p style="line-height: 2em;text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 15px;">前方高能！</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 15px;">南粤君已启动百度、谷歌、搜狗等各种搜索引擎</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 15px;">发现这本书目前在国内还没有译文版！</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 15px;">本文价值不菲 <img src="https://res.wx.qq.com/mpres/htmledition/images/icon/common/emotion_panel/emoji_wx/2_02.png" data-ratio="1" data-w="20" style="display:inline-block;width:20px;vertical-align:text-bottom;"  /></span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(214, 214, 214);">期待地搓小手手~</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(123, 12, 0);"><strong><span style="color: rgb(123, 12, 0);font-size: 15px;"><img class="" data-ratio="1" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/JARNncAyohZo4lXMsObvMv8SDfL2iaM3zxHvI6F01gcG7iaQQicEpkYdXdnucUhcUxAiadAsvYTEuTIWg64rrMTYmQ/640?wx_fmt=gif" data-type="gif" data-w="220"  /></span></strong></span></p><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 10px 5px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-right: 20px;margin-left: auto;max-width: 100%;width: 20px;height: 30px;background-color: rgb(145, 197, 197);border-radius: 0px 0px 10px 10px;transform: rotateZ(0deg);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="margin-top: -20px;padding: 15px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;box-shadow: rgb(144, 153, 136) 0px 0px 3px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;line-height: 2em;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">导 语</span></strong></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;line-height: 2em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;"></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">地面停车场不仅阻碍老建筑更新，还鼓励了反步行建筑类型的建造，导致城市中心密度下降？堵车才是解决堵车的办法？房价与可步行性是否有正相关性？……这些观点均出自于美国城市规划师杰夫?斯佩克的著作《Walkable City Rules》。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">在《Walkable City Rules》一书里，作者用丹佛、夏洛特等数据证明房价与可步行性的正相关性。此外，作者还认为，千禧一代人不喜欢开车上班，因此投资步行带来工作机会。据哥本哈根数据显示，小汽车每行驶一英里城市消耗20美分，而骑行一英里城市倒赚42美分。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">《Walkable City Rules》是岛屿出版社于2018年10月15日出版的一部英文著作，该书围绕宜步行城市规划这个主题，通过作者自身的工作实践与思考，列出制定步行城市的101条准则。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;line-height: 2em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><img class="rich_pages" data-copyright="0" data-ratio="1.4040561622464898" data-s="300,640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohbwtDp4HBfqhMLn3Gxiahe6TYQW1Db7BfePH96SwHCmtSpPPc4reCUiaxfnzkpkr7oIiccW7tjL3CGFw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="641" style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;"  /></span></p></section></section></section><section class="" data-id="94209" data-tools="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 1em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-bottom: -34px;max-width: 100%;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;width: 0px;height: 0px;border-top: 6px solid transparent;border-right: 10px solid rgb(198, 163, 37);border-bottom: 0px solid transparent;z-index: 999;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%;display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 4px 10px 4px 14px;max-width: 100%;background: rgb(235, 202, 86);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">0<span title="" class="" data-original-title="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%;width: 0px;height: 0px;border-top: 33px solid transparent;border-bottom: 0px solid transparent;border-left: 10px solid rgb(235, 202, 86);z-index: 999;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section></section></section><section data-width="95%" style="margin-right: auto;margin-left: auto;max-width: 100%;width: 610.844px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-shadow: rgb(213, 213, 213) 0px 0px 6px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" data-autoskip="1" style="padding: 2.5em 1em 1em;max-width: 100%;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;line-height: 2em;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(0, 122, 170);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="font-size: 16px;white-space: normal;">作者简介</strong></strong></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;line-height: 2em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;line-height: 2em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">本书作者杰夫?斯佩克（Jeff Speck）是一位美国的城市规划师和城市设计师，长期致力于通过写作、开展讲座和实践工作，在国际上倡导建设“宜步行城市”。作为国家艺术基金会的设计总监，他负责监督城市设计市长协会，并成立了住区设计管理协会。Jeff也曾在新城市主义运动背后的主要公司DPZ and Co.担任城市规划总监长达十年。他的代表作还包括《适宜步行的城市：营造充满活力的市中心拯救美国》、《郊区国家：蔓延的兴起与美国梦的衰落》以及《精明增长手册》。其中《郊区国家》这本著作被《华尔街日报》誉为“都市主义者的圣经”。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">《基督教科学箴言报》认为Jeff对宜步行城市的倡导和实践工作“是非常及时并且亟待引起重视的……作者通过幽默的语言和富有洞察力的写作开展着令人敬佩的工作”，并认为这本书“应当让人们阅读”。杰夫?斯佩克关于步行城市的TED演讲视频已被观看超过三百万次，是全美听众最多的规划师之一。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-copyright="0" data-ratio="0.577386468952734" data-s="300,640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohbwtDp4HBfqhMLn3Gxiahe6T4MlicNubKN3B7030gVu8hGOtZjKgwBvftIKOfENQPtHRXwciaOmEkVOQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="1079"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 12px;">图1. 本书作者杰夫·斯佩克</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" data-id="94209" data-tools="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 1em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-bottom: -34px;max-width: 100%;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;width: 0px;height: 0px;border-top: 6px solid transparent;border-right: 10px solid rgb(198, 163, 37);border-bottom: 0px solid transparent;z-index: 999;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%;display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 4px 10px 4px 14px;max-width: 100%;background: rgb(235, 202, 86);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">0<span title="" class="" data-original-title="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%;width: 0px;height: 0px;border-top: 33px solid transparent;border-bottom: 0px solid transparent;border-left: 10px solid rgb(235, 202, 86);z-index: 999;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section></section></section><section data-width="95%" style="margin-right: auto;margin-left: auto;max-width: 100%;width: 610.844px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-shadow: rgb(213, 213, 213) 0px 0px 6px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" data-autoskip="1" style="padding: 2.5em 1em 1em;max-width: 100%;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;line-height: 2em;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(0, 122, 170);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="font-size: 16px;white-space: normal;">写作背景</strong></strong></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;line-height: 2em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;line-height: 2em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;text-align: justify;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span><span style="font-size: 15px;">本书是《Walkable City》的后传与补充，Jeff本人也将《Walkable City Rules》定义为给Doer（行动者）阅读的书，而前者则是给Readers（一般读者）的。不同的受众群体使得著作内容的倾向性也不同，这本书将关注点更多地放在具体的实践行为介绍上。引言中，Jeff提到，这本新书的目的是“努力使Walkable City武装化，以便现场部署工作的开展”。在对比两本作品时他指出，《Walkable City》的写作目的是为了赢得人们对城市步行化工作的兴趣，而《Walkable City Rules》的目的是让这项工作得以开展。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><p><br  /></p><section class="" data-id="94209" data-tools="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 1em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-bottom: -34px;max-width: 100%;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;width: 0px;height: 0px;border-top: 6px solid transparent;border-right: 10px solid rgb(198, 163, 37);border-bottom: 0px solid transparent;z-index: 999;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%;display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 4px 10px 4px 14px;max-width: 100%;background: rgb(235, 202, 86);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">0<span title="" class="" data-original-title="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">3</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%;width: 0px;height: 0px;border-top: 33px solid transparent;border-bottom: 0px solid transparent;border-left: 10px solid rgb(235, 202, 86);z-index: 999;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section></section></section><section data-width="95%" style="margin-right: auto;margin-left: auto;max-width: 100%;width: 610.844px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-shadow: rgb(213, 213, 213) 0px 0px 6px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" data-autoskip="1" style="padding: 2.5em 1em 1em;max-width: 100%;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;line-height: 2em;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(0, 122, 170);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="font-size: 16px;white-space: normal;">主要内容</strong></strong></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;line-height: 2em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"></span>本书一共有20个章节，分别包括，简介：立即改变（Introduction: Making Change Now）、推广步行性（Sell Walkability）、使用者混合（Mix the Uses）、住房可持续与综合（Make Housing Attainable and Integrated）、合理停车（Get the Parking Right）、提高交通效率（Let Transit Work）、逃避汽车运动（Escape Automobilism）、从安全开始（Start with Safety）、车行网络优化（Optimize Your Driving Network）、适当的车道数量（Right-Size the Number of Lanes）、适宜的车道尺度（Right-Size the Lanes）、推广骑行（Sell Cycling）、建立自行车道网络（Build Your Bike Network）、街头公园（Park on Street）、几何关系（Foucs on Geometry）、十字路口（Foucs on intersections）、设计合理的人行道（Making sidewalks Right）、塑造舒适的空间（Make Comfortable Spaces）、创造趣味的场所（Make interesting Places）、行动起来（Do It Now）。<span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></p><section class="_editor"><section><section style="width: 100%;display: flex;justify-content: center;-webkit-justify-content: center;" data-width="100%"><section style="width: 100%;" data-width="100%"><section style="padding: 0px 5px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="" data-copyright="0" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="237" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="158" data-ratio="1.5266272189349113" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohbwtDp4HBfqhMLn3Gxiahe6TUtQwg2qibaoaEnKP8BbQ7xlicqrhMedicGiaOFyPDcdzlcwNDZyPxCia7bQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="507" data-width="100%" style="width: 237px;display: block;height: 362px;"  /></section></section><section style="width: 100%;border-left-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);border-left-width: 1px;border-left-style: solid;box-sizing: border-box;" data-width="100%"><section style="padding: 0px 5px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="" data-copyright="0" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="236" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="157" data-ratio="1.603921568627451" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohbwtDp4HBfqhMLn3Gxiahe6TgQRXdzFLgC1exoA8x7D8LpD2Ztw35PrQ39rGOVHfqtKgkbyYmyFEyw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="510" data-width="100%" style="width: 236px;display: block;height: 379px;"  /></section></section></section><section style="width: 100%;overflow: hidden;" data-width="100%"><section style="background: rgb(63, 63, 63);height: 1px;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;"></section></section><section style="width: 100%;display: flex;justify-content: center;-webkit-justify-content: center;" data-width="100%"><section style="width: 100%;" data-width="100%"><section style="padding: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="" data-copyright="0" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="237" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="158" data-ratio="1.5383211678832116" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohbwtDp4HBfqhMLn3Gxiahe6Tvmg9wAlTXB4pkQ1vwwIsD7d5Xb5x94EDU6tO5KCian71YqfRGicws8tw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="548" data-width="100%" style="width: 237px;display: block;height: 365px;"  /></section></section><section style="width: 100%;border-left-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);border-left-width: 1px;border-left-style: solid;box-sizing: border-box;" data-width="100%"><section style="padding: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="" data-copyright="0" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="236" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="157" data-ratio="1.489051094890511" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohbwtDp4HBfqhMLn3Gxiahe6TQLiamicZ2pgteBc7auJYBE5WUTC4N1u0GlIQMIq32AnFwfBhTePOKWyg/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="548" data-width="100%" style="width: 236px;display: block;height: 351px;"  /></section></section></section><section style="width: 100%;overflow: hidden;" data-width="100%"><section style="background: rgb(63, 63, 63);height: 1px;margin-right: 5px;margin-left: 5px;"></section></section><section style="width: 100%;display: flex;justify-content: center;-webkit-justify-content: center;" data-width="100%"><section style="width: 100%;" data-width="100%"><section style="padding: 5px 5px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="" data-copyright="0" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="237" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="158" data-ratio="1.547486033519553" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohbwtDp4HBfqhMLn3Gxiahe6T0s2ArwCXCca6QyEL12G1lJAHGg3iciclyfxzL8dEnZySnrVIBK0zstkA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="537" data-width="100%" style="width: 237px;display: block;height: 367px;"  /></section></section><section style="width: 100%;border-left-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);border-left-width: 1px;border-left-style: solid;box-sizing: border-box;" data-width="100%"><section style="padding: 5px 5px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="" data-copyright="0" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="236" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="157" data-ratio="0.981651376146789" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohbwtDp4HBfqhMLn3Gxiahe6T3kDBDKerQAVwwSzUU3CRK4TdqqTGI3ZIv2DVymCmaiaJcWx6yHnDLibw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="545" data-width="100%" style="width: 236px;display: block;height: 232px;"  /></section></section></section></section></section><section class="_editor" style="white-space: normal;"><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 12px;">图2  本书目录</span><br  /></p></section><p style="white-space: normal;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Jeff首先从经济、健康、气候、公平和社区五个方面进行了阐述，提出支持发展宜步行城市的理由。他重点指出步行性带来经济效应，运用丹佛、夏洛特等数据证明房价与步行性的正相关性。另外，数据统计结果显示，哥本哈根小汽车每行驶一英里城市消耗20美分，而骑行一英里城市反而赚42美分的数据，这也能够证明步行的正外部性。另外，Jeff以抑制价格的温室气体排放量为例论证了过度使用汽车对城市环境带来的危害，从改善气候方面证明推广步行的重要性。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-copyright="0" data-ratio="0.7047244094488189" data-s="300,640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohbwtDp4HBfqhMLn3Gxiahe6TluqMH8DxibDV5oykwOGkpgcZ2zswNdWiaA0sTDeeNZCqy5Ovtjwq8Tkw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="762"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 12px;">图3  依赖汽车的城市使他们的公民变得更穷......但他们也通过汽车所需的大量隐性补贴使自己变得更穷。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-copyright="0" data-ratio="0.5797101449275363" data-s="300,640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohbwtDp4HBfqhMLn3Gxiahe6TNajfOKZ3hhdRLVCm0TFY8FtZicxlicUOnw0vuXs41egcibSZQU1ib6o2CA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="759"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 12px;">图4  芝加哥每户家庭的温室气体测量</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 12px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-copyright="0" data-ratio="0.5379310344827586" data-s="300,640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohbwtDp4HBfqhMLn3Gxiahe6TMQ1W7jnXFdBlib3mVSOiba2gjDS0ia1gzoGAN4kwfw87nKVW367BUuoKA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="1015"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 12px;">图5  步行、骑行上班人数与家庭收入的关联统计2008-2012</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">在之后的论述中，Jeff也为改善街道步行环境提供了具体措施。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">例如，针对停车，Jeff指出地面停车场的弊端，认为强制要求停车会阻碍老建筑更新、鼓励反步行建筑类型的建造，从而消解街道生活，导致城市中心密度下降等。要合理制定停车场收费标准、积极采用奖励政策。同时他认为路边停车的方法很有效，应在合适的道路上尽可能增加停车位。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">针对堵车，Jeff则使用了“诱导理论”，认为“堵车才是解决堵车的办法”。要通过拓宽道路解决拥堵问题，只能是开闸放水、恶性循环，因此他提倡要给道路“瘦身”。一方面“瘦身”后车辆可以减少变道频率，另一方面实施瘦身后可以有效减少行车过程中的视觉盲区，道路的安全性得以提高。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">针对趣味空间，Jeff提出应该增设街头公园，尽管造价不菲，但此类公园可以作为人行道的拓宽以满足游憩需求，促进城市公共空间的塑造。Jeff认为可以选择几个适当的地点建造一些造价相对便宜的街头小公园，既能尽量避免市民在人行道上的活动与路边停车发生冲突，也满足了优化步行空间的要求。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">美国爱荷华州的锡达拉皮兹、波士顿、西雅图和旧金山等城市均已开始着手进行这项工作。Havenhurst公园就是众多街头公园实践中的一个经典案例。这个6500平方英尺的公园建在一个私人停车场上，设计融合了南加利福尼亚的地域特色，为使用者打造了良好的景观环境和社交场所，从而转移并承担了以往人们在繁华街道上的游憩活动（如餐饮、休憩、阅读、表演等）。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-copyright="0" data-ratio="0.6304780876494024" data-s="300,640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohbwtDp4HBfqhMLn3Gxiahe6TaH4icr4XlRVXrpR5IZAvabGGKl41ohaycyI1oIbFahAjntCd5UqdDGQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="1004"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 12px;">图6  美国城市人行道上的活动需求</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 12px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-copyright="0" data-ratio="0.6234375" data-s="300,640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyohbwtDp4HBfqhMLn3Gxiahe6T10zPa8n91spPM4CpUlqCRx1Piczo2gCB747ib9sU5w65L8IbaUXNC9rw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="640"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 12px;">图7  Havenhurst公园</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="line-height: 2em;"><br  /></p><section class="" data-id="94209" data-tools="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 1em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-bottom: -34px;max-width: 100%;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;width: 0px;height: 0px;border-top: 6px solid transparent;border-right: 10px solid rgb(198, 163, 37);border-bottom: 0px solid transparent;z-index: 999;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%;display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 4px 10px 4px 14px;max-width: 100%;background: rgb(235, 202, 86);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">0<span title="" class="" data-original-title="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">4</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%;width: 0px;height: 0px;border-top: 33px solid transparent;border-bottom: 0px solid transparent;border-left: 10px solid rgb(235, 202, 86);z-index: 999;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section></section></section><section data-width="95%" style="margin-right: auto;margin-left: auto;max-width: 100%;width: 610.844px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-shadow: rgb(213, 213, 213) 0px 0px 6px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" data-autoskip="1" style="padding: 2.5em 1em 1em;max-width: 100%;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;line-height: 2em;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(0, 122, 170);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="font-size: 16px;white-space: normal;">灵感火花</strong></strong></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;line-height: 2em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">谈论步行城市很容易，但真正实现步行城市并不容易，更大的挑战来源于如何维持街区内良好的步行可达性以及步行设计的规模化。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">虽然Jeff提出了很多新颖的街道步行化改造措施，但我们在本土化运用过程中也需要仔细审视其合理性与可操作性。美国的实施机会在于大量步行友好性问题存在于郊区，城市中心保留的密集路网为其“步行友好城市”的改造提供了实践基础。而对于国内城市，机动车主导的城市规划带来的问题开始逐渐被重视，街道设计理念也从“以车为本”转向“以人为本”。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">本书所提及的减少单行道、道路瘦身、拆掉高架等设计方法，在国内城市的运用中，除了受到具体的城市空间利用问题，还受到各类权属、规范、法律等的影响。事实上，不论是在中国还是世界上大部分国家地区，重塑步行网络、推行步行化设计都还有很长的一段路要走。也正因为如此，Jeff强调了宜步行城市模板和101条规则需要根据实际情况进行本土化利用。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">本书总体而言呈现出的核心理念，也是Jeff想向世人推广的理念，即“任何一个城市都可以马上采取措施来创造一个更适合步行的环境。”虽然Jeff在前言中暗示希望本书读者从头到尾按顺序进行阅读，但笔者认为这本书更重要的作用是提出可操作性高的、创新的指引，给希望超越“纯粹的监管整合”、尝试“最佳实践”和“创造性解决方案”的规划师们提供有效指导，因此读者不必拘泥于阅读顺序。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><p><br  /></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 12px;">图片来源：Jeff Speck. Walkable City Rules 101 Steps To Making Better Places[M]. Washington, DC: Island Press. 2018.</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 12px;">编译：规划设计四所 曾艺元</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 12px;">编校：冯雪琪、周伟逸</span></p><p><img class="__bg_gif " data-ratio="0.9953125" data-type="gif" data-w="640" data-backw="532" data-backh="530" data-before-oversubscription-url="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/JARNncAyohYecA1kNp2h9iao3UF5x322osSnVqSSE2meAqp8iaCfq7J2TFNzbpE7KLUfsp1U2uLJ6Uj7dQ1TfgcA/640?wx_fmt=gif" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/JARNncAyohYecA1kNp2h9iao3UF5x322osSnVqSSE2meAqp8iaCfq7J2TFNzbpE7KLUfsp1U2uLJ6Uj7dQ1TfgcA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="padding: 4px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;text-align: center;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 16px;widows: 1;line-height: 25.6px;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: 677px !important;"  /></p>
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