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<section data-mpa-powered-by="gulangu"><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 30px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;text-align: center;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;vertical-align: top;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(24, 54, 118);padding: 10px;"><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: -30px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;"><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 24px;color: rgb(15, 60, 143);"><p><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><em><strong>导读</strong></em></span></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(95, 156, 239);line-height: 1.6;"><p style="white-space: normal;"><strong>《中国城市地下空间发展蓝皮书（2018）》</strong>正式发布啦！鸟瞰中国地下空间事件，传授中国地下空间经验，传播中国地下空间文化。</p><p style="white-space: normal;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;">本文以快速城镇化为背景下中国城市地下空间发展为对象，通过数据分析、整理和梳理，全景式地剖析当前中国城市地下空间所涉及的各个领域和影响深度，为城市的可持续发展和地下空间资源永续利用提供新的研究方向。</p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 52%;padding-right: 10px;"><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 0px 1px;border-style: solid dotted solid none;border-left-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);border-right-color: rgb(152, 152, 152);padding-top: 5px;padding-bottom: 5px;padding-left: 10px;border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;border-top-right-radius: 0px;"><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 14px;"><p><strong>本文字数：</strong><span style="color: rgb(95, 156, 239);">2085字</span></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 14px;"><p><strong>阅读时间：</strong><span style="color: rgb(95, 156, 239);">7分钟</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30%;border-width: 0px;"><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 24px;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;border-width: 2px;border-style: dashed;border-color: transparent;border-radius: 100%;"><section style="width: 3em;height: 3em;border-radius: 100%;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: 100%;background-image: url("http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/3rV5DOkGgCZibyRIBykxFlicNgO2k4M6Ncvb4hMrXJdGeLPrYsmR8r1utpgXGp39qD1DQjI4Pc8Z9aicLznrTiaicuQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg");"></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section style="text-align: justify;line-height: 2;font-size: 15px;"><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;">“十二五”以来，中国城市空间需求急剧膨胀与空间资源有限这一<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">矛盾日益突出。继住建部发布“城市双修”指导意见后，中国全面开展“城</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">市双修”推动城市转型发展，新一轮城市发展带动基础设施建设的新一</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">轮需求。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">因此，“十三五”成为中国基础设施重大工程建设的重要阶段，而地下空间作为城市基础设施的主要载体，在城市发展的地位愈显重要，发展势头迅猛。其中，以轨道交通为主导的地下交通设施、以综合管廊为主导的地下市政设施，其建设规模、建造水平、运营维护等全生命周期的各个环节已赶超世界。</span><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;">同时，地下空间政策支撑体系的不断完善，技术装备的智能化与创新，科研交流与信息共享的进一步加强，都进一步推动了中国城市地下空间发展。</p><p style="white-space: normal;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;">《中国城市地下空间发展蓝皮书（2018）》，以快速城镇化为背景下中国城市地下空间发展为对象，通过数据分析、整理和梳理，全景式地剖析当前中国城市地下空间所涉及的各个领域和影响深度，为城市的可持续发展和地下空间资源永续利用提供新的研究方向。</p><p style="white-space: normal;"><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;"><p style="white-space: normal;">以下为内容目录及摘录，请点击“<strong><span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);">阅读原文</span></strong>”查看全文。</p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;"><section style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/3rV5DOkGgCZibyRIBykxFlicNgO2k4M6NcD1OQ9BiafuyyQIpTWLWZGKIFXS7xfz0QicibmtQpws2YZOaIuQR5ByTuw/640" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;line-height: 1.2;"><section style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(15, 60, 143);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(15, 60, 143);border-right-color: rgb(15, 60, 143);border-left-color: rgb(15, 60, 143);color: rgb(15, 60, 143);line-height: 2;"><p><strong>一、<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">中国城市地下空间发展格局</span></strong></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;"><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);"><strong>城市地下空间发展结构：延续“三心三轴”结构。</strong></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;">“三心”：中国地下空间发展核心，即京津冀、长江三角洲、珠江三角洲<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">三大城市群；</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">“三轴”：东部沿海发展轴、沿长江发展轴和京广线发展轴。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;"><section style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/3rV5DOkGgCZibyRIBykxFlicNgO2k4M6NcPuFibkqdAgwbTjVRdcGjUiaaEBKHfEc5brv8eCGjJrBB5UjKKdSoZ4QQ/640" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;"><p style="white-space: normal;">三大城市群经济发展中差异化的<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">主导力量与城市地下空间发展紧密关</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">联。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;">京津冀的经济发展以政府干预为<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">主导，其地下空间社会化主导不明显，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">以人防政策等要求建设为主导；</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">长三角的经济发展以市场力量为</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">主导，市场开放度高，其地下空间综</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">合利用的优势也较明显；</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">珠三角是有由政府干预和市场力</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">量共同作用的经济发展，其地下空间</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">开发根据不同城市区域和政策干预程</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">度呈现差异也较大。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;">三条轴线串联的区域具有较好的<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">地下空间开发利用政策环境，具有城</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">市地下空间持续快速发展动力，促进</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">地上地下一体化、地下各功能设施综</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">合化发展。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;line-height: 1.2;"><section style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(15, 60, 143);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(15, 60, 143);border-right-color: rgb(15, 60, 143);border-left-color: rgb(15, 60, 143);color: rgb(15, 60, 143);line-height: 2;"><p><strong>二、<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">城市地下空间综合实力评价</span></strong></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 1;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;"><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;opacity: 0.6;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(15, 60, 143);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;"> </span><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(15, 60, 143);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;"> </span> </section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;line-height: 1.2;padding-left: 3px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(15, 60, 143);text-align: justify;"><p style="white-space: normal;"><strong><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">评价因素</span></strong></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;"><p style="white-space: normal;">城市群推动城市的集约化发展，<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">形成新的更合理的规模效应，可以发</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">挥城市群内部大中小城市的多层次功</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">能，更科学有效地吸纳人口和产业，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">形成新的发展动能。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;">2017 年，以城市群中各大中小<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">城市作为地下空间综合实力的评价对</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">象，在 2016 年提出的政策支撑体系、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">开发建设指标、重点工程建设、可持</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">续发展指标共 4 个评价要素基础上，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">增加“安全城市评价”，更全面地评</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">价城市地下空间综合实力，为不同城</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">市群中类似城市的地下空间普遍特征</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">和发展方向提供参考。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;"><section style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/3rV5DOkGgCZibyRIBykxFlicNgO2k4M6NcUOqLy2ALp7hSd8Meh70jCCrzcnsviaSicFNNuNJhSoPhxMK3jyHo0fCg/640" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 1;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;"><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;opacity: 0.6;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(15, 60, 143);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;"> </span><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(15, 60, 143);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;"> </span> </section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;line-height: 1.2;padding-left: 3px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(15, 60, 143);text-align: justify;"><p style="white-space: normal;"><strong><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">政策支撑体系最优城市</span></strong></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;"><section style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/3rV5DOkGgCZibyRIBykxFlicNgO2k4M6NctSjrQCfia9dqckPg5SJMicxfRKJ1DpPlflrLibTjrpAOfZoo3znruQOng/640" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;"><section style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/3rV5DOkGgCZibyRIBykxFlicNgO2k4M6Nce2OUUlqCro8ibzvCicOy9m3Jst0CF47icQPpLAACbj5Q3fAx3Ms8Kr6kw/640" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 1;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;"><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;opacity: 0.6;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(15, 60, 143);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;"> </span><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(15, 60, 143);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;"> </span> </section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;line-height: 1.2;padding-left: 3px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(15, 60, 143);text-align: justify;"><p style="white-space: normal;"><strong>地下空间建设力度最强城市</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;"><p style="white-space: normal;">目前地下空间建设水平<span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);"><strong>第一层级城市为：<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">上海、北京、广州、深圳、南京、杭州。</span></strong></span></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;"><section style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/3rV5DOkGgCZibyRIBykxFlicNgO2k4M6NcIwlo4hCUgiclUIIBdiaLC2ppd0vr0kWSUz2PwzVsDxW30zPAwSg9YDgA/640" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;"><section style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/3rV5DOkGgCZibyRIBykxFlicNgO2k4M6NcfHKl5jVVw6P0wXUjSaFYjia1eqUrVHicrJwTjbgZIFThDCcmqMXcz7yw/640" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 1;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;"><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;opacity: 0.6;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(15, 60, 143);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;"> </span><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(15, 60, 143);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;"> </span> </section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;line-height: 1.2;padding-left: 3px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(15, 60, 143);text-align: justify;"><p style="white-space: normal;"><strong>地下空间智力资源最多城市</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;"><p style="white-space: normal;">城市地下空间智力资源主要考量两项指标：即该城市具有地下空间规划设<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">计与研究的专业机构数量与业绩情况，开设地下空间专业的大专院校的数量。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><strong><span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);">截至 2017 年底，中国地下空间智力资源最丰富的城市依次为：<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">北京、南京、上海、郑州、天津。</span></span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;"><section style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/3rV5DOkGgCZibyRIBykxFlicNgO2k4M6NcWJpsOiayxMG48kwnZDws4cGVYGEHlR4ov7UaJ1BC46VL1aFsib7v0x5g/640" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;"><section style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/3rV5DOkGgCZibyRIBykxFlicNgO2k4M6Ncc7JhKAJFavCgjK6hJSh1RBOCQEnhVrDOhV067WXdzReplyFwOJicphg/640" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 1;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;"><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;opacity: 0.6;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(15, 60, 143);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;"> </span><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(15, 60, 143);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;"> </span> </section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;line-height: 1.2;padding-left: 3px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(15, 60, 143);text-align: justify;"><p style="white-space: normal;"><strong>地下空间“安全”城市</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;"><p style="white-space: normal;">目前地下空间利用先进城市如<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">上海、广州、宁波等，其地质条件</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">本身并不适宜地下空间的开发。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;">上海属典型三角洲冲击平原，<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">地表下 50 米内以饱和的软弱粘性土</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">为主，地质条件复杂，工程地质具</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">有多样性、不确定性和变异性。类</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">似城市有广州、杭州等。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;">而宁波地处滨海平原，海积软<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">土层分布广泛，厚度不均，物理力</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">学性质差，水系发达，地下水位高，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">地质环境十分敏感和脆弱。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;">因此，强硬的经济实力配合先<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">进的工程技术，保证安全措施到位</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">的前提下，城市的地下空间才能飞</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">速发展。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;">煤炭城市大同、石油城市东营<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">等<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(139, 0, 0);"><strong>资源型城市</strong></span>，与经济实力同等城</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">市相比，人口密度较低，对地下空</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">间需求较小。高强度开采使资源性</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">城市面临严重的环境污染和生态破</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">坏等问题，导致地质灾害频发，地</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">下空间开发适宜性变差。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;"><section style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/3rV5DOkGgCZibyRIBykxFlicNgO2k4M6NclqwwmjMuh60WxMEic9FWWb4VASlLfUnEkrErIKKgDWg5FzLJsFsuOOQ/640" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;"><p style="white-space: normal;">针对地下空间各类风险事<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">故频发，首先应对城市地下空</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">间安全进行识别、估测、评价，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">建立有效的风险预警管理机制，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">制定切实可行的应急预案，预</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">防和减少风险事故的发生，从</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">而达到地下空间安全利用的目</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">的。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;">根据城市本身脆弱性、三维地质构造、地质灾害，综合城市地下空间发展<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">水平与发生地下空间事故灾害频次和影响，</span><span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);"><strong><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">2017 年地下空间“安全”城市为：苏州、长沙、杭州、成都、廊坊。</span></strong></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;"><section style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/3rV5DOkGgCZibyRIBykxFlicNgO2k4M6Nce9vfvQRyzC641GR5XfjOgjUPfY1tEtT2n96dmkhpZib5JGtyFicsQTag/640" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 1;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;"><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;opacity: 0.6;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(15, 60, 143);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;"> </span><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(15, 60, 143);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;"> </span> </section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;line-height: 1.2;padding-left: 3px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(15, 60, 143);text-align: justify;"><p style="white-space: normal;"><strong>城市地下空间综合实力</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;"><p style="white-space: normal;">综合以上因素，截至 2017 年底，<strong><span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);">中国城市地下空间综合实力排名如下：<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">上海、北京、广州、南京、杭州。</span></span></strong></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;"><section style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/3rV5DOkGgCZibyRIBykxFlicNgO2k4M6NcQ2PoOk7HpIwIrOHH1GNEEtd9CuXJcpYvXcIbVtUvvrTVxQicibCpuDSQ/640" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;"><p style="white-space: normal;">综合实力侧面从公众关注度得到印证，以 2017 年百度指数中地下空间及<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">相关名词为例，搜索量靠前城市基本与地下空间综合实力排名情况一致。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;"><section style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/3rV5DOkGgCZibyRIBykxFlicNgO2k4M6NciceTKbTng0gqFXwc7dbyPdcicO9CeUWWJ4qLCkhVI1zZSGzXmAicYOMhg/640" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;line-height: 1.2;"><section style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(15, 60, 143);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(15, 60, 143);border-right-color: rgb(15, 60, 143);border-left-color: rgb(15, 60, 143);color: rgb(15, 60, 143);line-height: 2;"><p><strong>三、中国速度</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 1;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;"><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;opacity: 0.6;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(15, 60, 143);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;"> </span><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(15, 60, 143);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;"> </span> </section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;line-height: 1.2;padding-left: 3px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(15, 60, 143);text-align: justify;"><p style="white-space: normal;"><strong>以地铁为主的轨道交通</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;"><p style="white-space: normal;"><strong><span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);">截至 2017 年底，中国大<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">陆地区共 31 个城市已开通地铁，运营线路总长度 4407 千米。</span></span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;">以开通地铁的城市分布<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">看，将近 90% 的营运里程集</span>中在京津冀、长三角和珠三<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">角城市群，与这些区域的经</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">济发展水平、人口密集程度</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">关系密切。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;">2011 年至 2017 年间，共<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">有 18 个城市地铁从无到有，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">新增总运营里程 2696 公里，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">年均增长 385 公里。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;"><section style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/3rV5DOkGgCZibyRIBykxFlicNgO2k4M6Nc9Xwk3xPjy4vBAJ3OicA4GaQ7SWQswJzPNu8Up1iclCtiaQpiaAJXbgvYrw/640" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;"><section style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/3rV5DOkGgCZibyRIBykxFlicNgO2k4M6NcFpu0bpzrIwyJ5NUdYrJjNBB3GO5PSABYnIKbtcRqqVZ9EbZtast1MQ/640" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;"><section style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/3rV5DOkGgCZibyRIBykxFlicNgO2k4M6Ncn6M6psj28zXcqv5lE8iciacAKX2sXrKzjUd8pvlFoibVTv04dwwnlXVJw/640" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 1;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;"><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;opacity: 0.6;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(15, 60, 143);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;"> </span><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(15, 60, 143);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;"> </span> </section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;line-height: 1.2;padding-left: 3px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(15, 60, 143);text-align: justify;"><p style="white-space: normal;"><strong>以综合管廊为主导的地下市政设施</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;"><p style="white-space: normal;"><strong><span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);">综合管廊建设处于快速增长期。</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;">根据住房和城乡建设部官<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">网中“城市地下综合管廊建设”的专题信息数据统计，</span><strong><span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);letter-spacing: 0px;">截至2017 年底，中国综合管廊的在建里程达 6575 公里。</span></strong><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><br  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;">整体在建区域与中国目前<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">城市地下空间发展格局并不匹</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">配，发达地区在建速度放缓，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">呈现出中部多于西部与东部，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">东北吉林省独大的态势。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;"><section style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/3rV5DOkGgCZibyRIBykxFlicNgO2k4M6NcfupQEgCJqGFByNyN8wAdtrxwBHM3PBHSgQz1vhrh1hsIlwgqD8JxVA/640" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;"><section style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/3rV5DOkGgCZibyRIBykxFlicNgO2k4M6NcAxsa1UVpC1rTUjCgAQegwIkDTNPCrYMU3LpY4NLA5wnpdTM3YPHxCA/640" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(139, 0, 0);line-height: 2;"><p style="white-space: normal;"><strong>以上为《<span style="font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;">中国城市地下空间发展蓝皮书（2018）</span>》摘录，全文请点击“阅读原文”下载。<br  /></strong></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;"><section style="width: 100%;padding-bottom: 5px;"><section style="padding: 10px;background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;"><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;"><section style="padding: 2px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(239, 66, 119);"><section style="padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;margin-right: 5px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><p><br  /></p></section><section style="padding-right: 5px;padding-left: 5px;display: inline-block;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><p>相关阅读</p></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section style="font-size: 14px;"><p style="text-align: justify;">新鲜出炉！《中国城市地下空间发展蓝皮书（2017）》发布<br  /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">新鲜出炉：2015年中国城市地下空间发展报告抢先看<br  /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">《2014年中国城市地下空间发展研究报告白皮书》发布！<br  /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;"><section style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/3rV5DOkGgCZibyRIBykxFlicNgO2k4M6NcTyxPR4re7hLicnajXic0rvtjQLWopL7rZ4cSODRdSFUTUsFVDVVibibAUw/640" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="" powered-by="gulangu"><section style=""><section style="color: rgb(255, 30, 41);"><p><strong>↓↓↓点击“阅读原文”下载全文</strong></p></section></section></section></section>
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