国匠城工作台

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<section style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 30px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(24, 54, 118);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: -30px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="font-size: 24px;color: rgb(15, 60, 143);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">导读</strong></em></span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2017年10月29日</strong>，学会城市设计学术委员会2017（广州）年会、世界城市论坛、“城市愿景”国际城市巡展活动在广州白云国际会议中心召开。<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">本次活动由学会城市设计学术委员会、控制性详细规划学术委员会主办。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">德国多特蒙德技术大学教授、德国空间规划科学院院士克劳斯·昆兹曼先生（Klaus Kunzmann）在会上做了题为《柏林2017：首都、文化城市、全球城市、创意城市、创业城市……》的主题报告</strong><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">，报告回顾了柏林自1701年以来的城市发展及规划历史，探讨了城市当前发展的机遇及问题，展现了主要的城市发展政策，并提出应对城市未来发展的挑战。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/3rV5DOkGgCZHs215l7Eev1tzgseKennxpe34f31ibcxWnlD976E7YUyhn5pjjFtylogfM8lsSRKzxOZGfiaV5hMw/0?wx_fmt=png" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(15, 60, 143);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">克劳斯·昆兹曼先生（Klaus Kunzmann） 德国多特蒙德技术大学教授、德国空间规划科学院院士</em></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(15, 60, 143);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(15, 60, 143);border-right-color: rgb(15, 60, 143);border-left-color: rgb(15, 60, 143);color: rgb(15, 60, 143);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（一）柏林的过去</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">结合柏林的政治、社会及文化的历史变迁将柏林的城市发展划分为1918年前、1918至1945年和1945至今年三个阶段：</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;height: 2em;padding: 0.3em 0.5em;background-color: rgb(15, 60, 143);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">1、1918年前的柏林</p></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;height: 2em;width: 0.5em;vertical-align: top;border-left: 0.5em solid rgb(15, 60, 143);border-top: 1em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 1em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/3rV5DOkGgCZHs215l7Eev1tzgseKennxjpnoh9sYDMbXER2jRphXVRwOJtE38b2WVYLps9y61U6GC0ibiaYUWlZw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(15, 60, 143);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图：1862 The Hobrecht Plan</em></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">1701年，当时的普鲁士国王命令包括柏林在内的五个城镇进行整合，形成了现在柏林的首都功能，当时城市规模仅为5.5万人。之后，柏林经历了启蒙运动和工业化快速发展的时期，其中在1862年Hobrecht在总体以及区划层面开展了土地利用规划，大幅推进工业基础设施的发展，有效提升当时的城市化进程，也塑造了柏林沿袭至今的城市空间架构。</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;height: 2em;padding: 0.3em 0.5em;background-color: rgb(15, 60, 143);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">2、1918至1945年期间的柏林</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;height: 2em;width: 0.5em;vertical-align: top;border-left: 0.5em solid rgb(15, 60, 143);border-top: 1em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 1em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">在此阶段，柏林电影行业得到了快速发展，人口规模进一步增加，也诞生了一些优良的风貌建筑。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/3rV5DOkGgCZHs215l7Eev1tzgseKennx32TIfS9jm29mQ0EnVdvf38BhpOFDXciaBakWYtS62SMydzOmPyQic8Xg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(15, 60, 143);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图：20世纪20-30年代的居住建筑</em></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">1920年，当时政府将柏林整合成为仅次于纽约和伦敦的世界第三大城市，并提出了一版为打造世界之都而形成的宏大尺度风格的规划方案，但最后却几乎均未得到实施。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/3rV5DOkGgCZHs215l7Eev1tzgseKennxJ02NbG14ywC7qdaKKiactfHA4avWG2ongHbNcUtRHB2bgykABhIiaCTA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(15, 60, 143);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图：柏林整合世界第三大城市的规划图</em></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;height: 2em;padding: 0.3em 0.5em;background-color: rgb(15, 60, 143);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">3、1945年后的柏林</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;height: 2em;width: 0.5em;vertical-align: top;border-left: 0.5em solid rgb(15, 60, 143);border-top: 1em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 1em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">二战以后的柏林遭遇到了战争侵袭、城市割裂、经济功能匮乏、高失业率等诸多问题，同时西德和东德的政治与文化的分裂及柏林墙的建立更带来了城市发展的持续困难。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/3rV5DOkGgCZHs215l7Eev1tzgseKennxN0LwNxaJptkwg62btSepLhlfM4PIBE0iaKxIjic91jhhgfDAUoNSGYww/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(15, 60, 143);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图：东、西柏林的划分<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></em></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/3rV5DOkGgCZHs215l7Eev1tzgseKennxo3Gr6EmsfAgbWFyNr8tEbPW8PH6pIchfKICnQBhEq7KSeePZsX7gBg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(15, 60, 143);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图：柏林墙两侧</em></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">带来的改变的是<span style="color: rgb(255, 129, 36);box-sizing: border-box;">1990年的德国统一及之后的东西柏林整合重塑了柏林的城市凝聚力</span>，具体行动计划涉及：</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 1px;border-style: solid;border-left-color: rgb(15, 60, 143);border-right-color: rgb(15, 60, 143);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">?重塑首都功能</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">?新建政府议会大厦</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">?确立（东西）柏林整合规划</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">?东柏林现代化</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">?重塑城市中心</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">?发展新机场</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">?应对中产阶级化</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">?提供经济适用房</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">?推进移民本地化</p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/3rV5DOkGgCZHs215l7Eev1tzgseKennxtLxaboicEQ7rnfsMdG4EygWugeafuRsW5TlCYqpiaCV6h96scorjMIrA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(15, 60, 143);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图：2000年柏林规划</em></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">具体表现为，<span style="color: rgb(255, 129, 36);box-sizing: border-box;">由一个统一的规划机构推进跨越两个联邦洲的大柏林区域的城市发展，以此推动首都功能恢复及重塑首都形象。</span>通过对批量工业化建筑技术进行现代化改革，推进东柏林的现代化进程。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/3rV5DOkGgCZHs215l7Eev1tzgseKennxOcHRiahKjNSJoUiaiaCpXThahfUNzJkxu8JIejsv6CTic7jVYIeicSWXXGw/0?wx_fmt=png" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(15, 60, 143);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图：大柏林区域规划<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></em></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(15, 60, 143);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(15, 60, 143);border-right-color: rgb(15, 60, 143);border-left-color: rgb(15, 60, 143);color: rgb(15, 60, 143);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（二）柏林的现在</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">当今的柏林可以被描述为：</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(15, 60, 143);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">文化之城</strong></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">丰富的文化设施（52个歌剧院、121个博物馆、289个影剧院、86个公共图书馆、4所艺术大学、350个艺术画廊和2000名画家）、文化节日、文化集会和政府文化预算投入。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(15, 60, 143);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">全球城市</strong></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 129, 36);box-sizing: border-box;">大量的移民发挥了文化、社会和经济桥梁纽带作用，奠定了柏林的世界城市的地位。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">目前，有10万生活在柏林，另外10万左右（德国-土耳其）来自土耳其家庭，在家里说土耳其语。他们经商、创业、教书、在媒体行业工作、参军、成为警察、在政治上很活跃。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(15, 60, 143);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">知识之城</strong></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 129, 36);box-sizing: border-box;">25所高等院校、132822名学生、19725名高校从业者、25527名教师工作于小学、中学及职业学校。<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">柏林每年在科研方面的投资约18亿。</span></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">超过5万人在四所大学、三所艺术学院、七所其他高等院校、一所国际商学院和超过70多所非大学公立研究机构教书、做研究。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">夏洛特医学大学附属于自由大学和洪堡大学，是欧洲最大的医学院。在位于阿德勒斯霍夫和柏林-布赫的两个科技园区，科学和产业密切合作。德国的全国性科研组织在柏林有一系列的研究所作为代表机构，联邦不同部门也有八所研究机构。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/3rV5DOkGgCZHs215l7Eev1tzgseKennxYSogstDvb1aiaoaz6K3VK0QTF6l1Mzc4sSouFHD6Ydia15ugVgBKGVzA/0?wx_fmt=png" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(15, 60, 143);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">创意之城</strong></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">自世纪之交以来，市政府对创意和文化产业的兴趣异常之大,委托开展了一系列研究，探讨其潜在性以及可能出台的政策。2015年，共有30500家相关公司及企业，营业额占柏林地区经济总量的6%，提供了柏林7%的就业岗位。但很快热潮退去，人们发现越有半数的文化和创意产业并未对本地经济做出贡献，城市创意也不能自上而下地进行规划，而城市的房价越来越高。后来，<span style="color: rgb(255, 129, 36);box-sizing: border-box;">对智能城市和创业城市的关注取代了文化和创意热潮。</span></span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(15, 60, 143);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">起步之城</strong></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">通过打造“柏林谷”，信息交流平台、网络、媒体等行业的发展鼓励城市的创业政策，提升城市企业氛围。<span style="color: rgb(255, 129, 36);box-sizing: border-box;">柏林希望成为欧洲的创业之都，为此提出了五大措施：</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（1）新柏林，创业者，在高等院校开设鼓励学生创业的课程；（2）一站式机构，为潜在创业者提供机构性服务；（3） 柏林创业园区，为创业提供空间和服务；（4）私人创业基金，为创业者募集和提供资金；（5）柏林创业网络，实现成熟企业和新创企业的联合。同时，柏林做了大量的城市推广。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(15, 60, 143);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">分割之城</strong></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">以2017年议会选举时的党派分布来看，柏林的城市发展仍面临着政治及意识形态多元分割的问题。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/3rV5DOkGgCZHs215l7Eev1tzgseKennx9LOO14BgCAujkwgrzf7iaLG9vpXQsRRoaaqC4OJGjIPp0sL5yMT90lQ/0?wx_fmt=png" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(15, 60, 143);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图：2017年议会选举时党派分布</em></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(15, 60, 143);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(15, 60, 143);border-right-color: rgb(15, 60, 143);border-left-color: rgb(15, 60, 143);color: rgb(15, 60, 143);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（三）柏林的未来</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">总体来说，柏林会基本按现有的路径前行，城市未来的发展将会面对来自不同方面的挑战：</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 1px;border-style: solid;border-left-color: rgb(15, 60, 143);border-right-color: rgb(15, 60, 143);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">?全球化的速度会减缓，泛欧洲的项目将停滞，?民族主义和宗教主义会占据各个层级的规划和政策决定的主导权</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">?市场经济会继续被自由主义的市场力量推动</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">?安全、健康和食品产业会增长</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">?数字化和工业4.0会将会导致已转移到中国的制造业重回欧洲和德国</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">?新兴产业策略会有助于当地经济的加强</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">?柏林将再次成为经济发展的腹地</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">?新国际机场的建设会提升柏林的国际范围内的可达性</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">?中国的“一带一路”战略会影响柏林在内的东欧地区</p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/3rV5DOkGgCZHs215l7Eev1tzgseKennx3U5w02L9UNXKOPgYfibDwtODNF1yssXdf1xkEcrDIBFtPYXG2fD7H6A/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(15, 60, 143);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(15, 60, 143);border-right-color: rgb(15, 60, 143);border-left-color: rgb(15, 60, 143);color: rgb(15, 60, 143);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（四）柏林的启示</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">1、城市之间没有可比性，每个城市都有自己的特色并面临不同的挑战，<span style="color: rgb(255, 129, 36);box-sizing: border-box;">需要找到适合自身的方法来应对这些挑战，旗舰项目会改变城市的地方特色。</span>其他城市的政策不可转移复制，但可学习借鉴。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2、城市历史、地方文化和经济背景是城市的根本。<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(255, 129, 36);box-sizing: border-box;">一个大城市是由若干个功能和特征迥异“小岛”构成的“群岛”，而各个“小岛”需要因地制宜。</span></span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">3、<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(255, 129, 36);box-sizing: border-box;">政府治理需要小心平衡经济和社会、公共和私人、以及国家和地方利益之间的关系，应当兼具开放性和灵活性。</span></span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">4、<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(255, 129, 36);box-sizing: border-box;">城市可持续发展不只需要空间规划，更需要综合规划。</span></span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">5、<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(255, 129, 36);box-sizing: border-box;">城市发展体现以人为本，并采用充足的城市发展指标持续深入的定量定性监测是实现良好治理的必要条件</span>，GDP只是其中一个指标，不能全面反映一个城市的真实情况。</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/3rV5DOkGgCZHs215l7Eev1tzgseKennxfLdvp43Vib3LLoVH48LOskK9rmQQxeJB3UricLf2QIhzxKdlW6kr3yKA/0?wx_fmt=gif" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="color: rgb(205, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: 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